Details for: TOR2A

Gene ID: 27433

Symbol: TOR2A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160404

Description: torsin family 2 member A

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 52.0106
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0900
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 40.8053
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3500
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 31.8641
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 30.1405
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2300
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 27.9363
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3700
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 13.7524
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1300
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 10.1869
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5600
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 4.5859
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 3.3578
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 3.2297
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.1710
    Cell Significance Index: 127.3700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 1.0372
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9017
    Cell Significance Index: 146.6500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.7742
    Cell Significance Index: 90.2300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.7171
    Cell Significance Index: 647.5000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.6265
    Cell Significance Index: 43.3300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.4860
    Cell Significance Index: 31.3600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.4344
    Cell Significance Index: 11.6200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.4286
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.4182
    Cell Significance Index: 21.7300
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.3833
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.3182
    Cell Significance Index: 173.7900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.3030
    Cell Significance Index: 8.9000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.2776
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.2599
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1837
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1837
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1827
    Cell Significance Index: 8.2800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1761
    Cell Significance Index: 31.7500
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1693
    Cell Significance Index: 19.9700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1692
    Cell Significance Index: 16.7400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1611
    Cell Significance Index: 30.6600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1521
    Cell Significance Index: 30.5100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1510
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.1482
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.1399
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1254
    Cell Significance Index: 17.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.1178
    Cell Significance Index: 14.4900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0852
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0800
    Cell Significance Index: 35.3600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0591
    Cell Significance Index: 7.5700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.0510
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0412
    Cell Significance Index: 14.7600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0100
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.0331
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1500
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.0270
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0267
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0245
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.0148
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0081
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0096
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5300
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0168
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6700
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0232
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0262
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.0266
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0279
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0317
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6400
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4500
  • Cell Name: Leydig cell (CL0000178)
    Fold Change: -0.0501
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.0590
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.0642
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0679
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0695
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -0.0764
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0766
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1400
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.0875
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1047
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8800
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1109
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1243
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.1258
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1345
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1396
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1420
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1448
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1659
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1400
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: -0.1736
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.1905
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7300
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: -0.1975
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1980
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.2025
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3000
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.2144
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2266
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8900
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.2343
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9000
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: -0.2457
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** TOR2A is a gene that encodes a protein with several key characteristics: 1. **Torsin family**: TOR2A belongs to the torsin family, which is characterized by a conserved protein domain structure and a catalytic activity in protein folding. 2. **ATP binding and hydrolysis**: The protein product of TOR2A has been shown to have ATP binding and hydrolysis activity, suggesting a potential role in energy-dependent protein folding processes. 3. **Chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding**: TOR2A has been implicated in chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding, which is a process that involves the cooperative action of multiple chaperone proteins to refold misfolded proteins. 4. **Cell-specific expression**: TOR2A is significantly expressed in various cell types, including pancreatic A cells, Leydig cells, and germ cells, suggesting a potential role in specific cellular processes. **Pathways and Functions** TOR2A is involved in several cellular pathways and processes, including: 1. **ATP binding and hydrolysis**: The protein product of TOR2A has been shown to have ATP binding and hydrolysis activity, which is essential for energy-dependent protein folding processes. 2. **Chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding**: TOR2A has been implicated in chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding, which is a process that involves the cooperative action of multiple chaperone proteins to refold misfolded proteins. 3. **Protein folding**: TOR2A may play a role in protein folding by providing a platform for chaperone cofactors to interact with and refold misfolded proteins. 4. **Cellular homeostasis**: TOR2A may contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating protein folding and aggregation processes. **Clinical Significance** TOR2A has potential clinical significance in various diseases, including: 1. **Neurodegenerative disorders**: Impaired protein folding and aggregation processes have been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. TOR2A may play a role in regulating these processes and contributing to disease pathogenesis. 2. **Cancer**: TOR2A expression has been observed in various cancer types, including pancreatic cancer. The protein product of TOR2A may contribute to cancer progression by regulating protein folding and aggregation processes. 3. **Endocrine disorders**: TOR2A is significantly expressed in pancreatic A cells, which are involved in glucose regulation. Impaired TOR2A function may contribute to endocrine disorders, such as diabetes. In conclusion, TOR2A is a gene that encodes a protein with several key characteristics, including ATP binding and hydrolysis activity, chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding, and cell-specific expression. The protein product of TOR2A is involved in various cellular pathways and processes, including protein folding, ATP binding, and hydrolysis, and may contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis and function. Further research is needed to fully understand the clinical significance of TOR2A and its potential role in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2038795563

Symbol: TOR2A_HUMAN

Name: Torsin-2A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q5JU69 A4FU12 A4FU13 Q3ZCN9 Q3ZCP0 Q5JU68 Q66K87 Q6UXW6 Q8NAN5 Q96SL7

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CTD 1 ChEBI 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 6 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 7 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12910263

Title: Salusins: newly identified bioactive peptides with hemodynamic and mitogenic activities.

PubMed ID: 12910263

DOI: 10.1038/nm913

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 321
  • Mass: 35714
  • Checksum: 93F4DACF3CA0EA02
  • Sequence:
    • MAAATRGCRP WGSLLGLLGL VSAAAAAWDL ASLRCTLGAF CECDFRPDLP GLECDLAQHL 
AGQHLAKALV VKALKAFVRD PAPTKPLVLS LHGWTGTGKS YVSSLLAHYL FQGGLRSPRV 
HHFSPVLHFP HPSHIERYKK DLKSWVQGNL TACGRSLFLF DEMDKMPPGL MEVLRPFLGS 
SWVVYGTNYR KAIFIFISNT GGKQINQVAL EAWRSRRDRE EILLQELEPV ISRAVLDNPH 
HGFSNSGIME ERLLDAVVPF LPLQRHHVRH CVLNELAQLG LEPRDEVVQA VLDSTTFFPE 
DEQLFSSNGC KTVASRIAFF L

Genular Protein ID: 3449985809

Symbol: TOR2X_HUMAN

Name: Prosalusin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8N2E6

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 4 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InterPro 2 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PathwayCommons 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 16303743

Title: Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries.

PubMed ID: 16303743

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/12.2.117

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 12910263

Title: Salusins: newly identified bioactive peptides with hemodynamic and mitogenic activities.

PubMed ID: 12910263

DOI: 10.1038/nm913

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 242
  • Mass: 26262
  • Checksum: 8118353CE5A0D628
  • Sequence:
    • MAAATRGCRP WGSLLGLLGL VSAAAAAWDL ASLRCTLGAF CECDFRPDLP GLECDLAQHL 
AGQHLAKALV VKALKAFVRD PAPTKPLVLS LHGWTGTGKS YVSSLLAHYL FQGGLRSPRV 
HHFSPVLHFP HPSHIERYKK DLKSWVQGNL TACGRSLFLF DEMDKMPPGL MEVLRPFLGS 
SWVVYGTNYR KAIFIFIRWL LKLGHHGRAP PRRSGALPPA PAAPRPALRA QRAGPAGPGA 
KG

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.