Details for: GOT2

Gene ID: 2806

Symbol: GOT2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000125166

Description: glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 168.2469
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 105.3448
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7200
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 65.4389
    Cell Significance Index: -26.5900
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 57.9527
    Cell Significance Index: -29.8100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 27.8557
    Cell Significance Index: -26.6000
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 24.2669
    Cell Significance Index: -29.9200
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 10.1685
    Cell Significance Index: -27.2400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 8.0971
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 7.7723
    Cell Significance Index: -30.6700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 3.6462
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9800
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.4077
    Cell Significance Index: 32.8500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 2.2161
    Cell Significance Index: 360.4200
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 2.1349
    Cell Significance Index: 110.9000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.5596
    Cell Significance Index: 191.7700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.5021
    Cell Significance Index: 270.7900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.4361
    Cell Significance Index: 285.0000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.3661
    Cell Significance Index: 148.5900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.2831
    Cell Significance Index: 34.9300
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 1.1744
    Cell Significance Index: 10.8200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.1349
    Cell Significance Index: 30.4100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.1087
    Cell Significance Index: 222.4000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.8845
    Cell Significance Index: 55.7500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.7294
    Cell Significance Index: 18.6400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.6417
    Cell Significance Index: 18.4900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.6026
    Cell Significance Index: 31.6400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.5328
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.5229
    Cell Significance Index: 23.7000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.5182
    Cell Significance Index: 39.7700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.5012
    Cell Significance Index: 59.1100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.4664
    Cell Significance Index: 167.2800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.4227
    Cell Significance Index: 230.8600
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3991
    Cell Significance Index: 27.6000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.3785
    Cell Significance Index: 341.7600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.3275
    Cell Significance Index: 144.7900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.3263
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3176
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.3134
    Cell Significance Index: 31.0000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2941
    Cell Significance Index: 203.4400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.2840
    Cell Significance Index: 8.3400
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.2713
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2561
    Cell Significance Index: 35.1800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.2346
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9100
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.2244
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.2017
    Cell Significance Index: 15.0300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.1876
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1413
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.1393
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.1391
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1376
    Cell Significance Index: 23.4900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.1056
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.1049
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0890
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0757
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.0640
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.0601
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0400
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.0599
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0593
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7900
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0410
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0187
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0181
    Cell Significance Index: 34.0100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0169
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0115
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0125
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2600
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0126
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7300
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0199
    Cell Significance Index: -27.0600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0379
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0392
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0545
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0681
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3500
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0857
    Cell Significance Index: -24.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0880
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0932
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0948
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1062
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8200
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1255
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1406
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2200
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1427
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.1476
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6900
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.1552
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1571
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1649
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1978
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2371
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2547
    Cell Significance Index: -29.0700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2634
    Cell Significance Index: -27.4300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3162
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3900
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.3524
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4800
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.3572
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5800
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -0.4058
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.4394
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8900
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: -0.5069
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.5326
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.5356
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.5620
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** GOT2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that belongs to the transaminase family, which catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to an α-keto acid. This reaction is essential for the synthesis and degradation of various amino acids, including aspartate and glutamate. GOT2 is specifically localized to the mitochondrial matrix, where it plays a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism and maintaining cellular homeostasis. **Pathways and Functions:** GOT2 is intricately involved in several metabolic pathways, including: 1. **Gluconeogenesis:** GOT2 participates in the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and lactate. 2. **Amino acid metabolism:** The enzyme is essential for the degradation of aspartate and glutamate, which are critical for various cellular processes, including energy production and protein synthesis. 3. **Kynurenine metabolism:** GOT2 is involved in the breakdown of kynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan, which is essential for immune function and cellular differentiation. 4. **Glyoxylate metabolism:** The enzyme plays a role in the catabolism of glyoxylate, a key intermediate in the synthesis of fatty acids and amino acids. GOT2's functions can be broadly categorized into two main aspects: 1. **Energy metabolism:** The enzyme participates in the regulation of energy production and storage, particularly in the mitochondria. 2. **Amino acid homeostasis:** GOT2 maintains the balance of amino acids, including aspartate and glutamate, which are essential for various cellular processes. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of GOT2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Neurodegenerative disorders:** Alterations in GOT2 expression and activity have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 2. **Cancer:** The enzyme's dysregulation has been observed in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. 3. **Metabolic disorders:** GOT2's involvement in energy metabolism makes it a potential target for the treatment of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity. In conclusion, GOT2 is a multifaceted enzyme that plays a crucial role in human metabolism, energy homeostasis, and cellular differentiation. Its dysregulation has far-reaching implications for various diseases, highlighting the need for further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying GOT2's functions and its potential therapeutic applications.

Genular Protein ID: 3969622653

Symbol: AATM_HUMAN

Name: Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P00505 B4DJA6 E7ERW2 Q53FL3 Q9BWA3

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CPTAC 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 10 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 5 DrugCentral 1 EC 2 EMBL 5 EMDB 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 19 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 5 RefSeq 2 Rhea 2 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TCDB 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3207426

Title: Nucleotide sequence and tissue distribution of the human mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase mRNA.

PubMed ID: 3207426

DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)81017-9

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15616553

Title: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16.

PubMed ID: 15616553

DOI: 10.1038/nature03187

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 4052435

Title: The primary structure of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from human heart.

PubMed ID: 4052435

DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(85)90172-4

PubMed ID: 9537447

Title: Ethanol up-regulates fatty acid uptake and plasma membrane expression and export of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in HepG2 cells.

PubMed ID: 9537447

DOI: 10.1002/hep.510270423

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 31422819

Title: Bi-allelic GOT2 mutations cause a treatable malate-aspartate shuttle-related encephalopathy.

PubMed ID: 31422819

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.07.015

PubMed ID: 26902786

Title: Recombinant expression, purification and crystallographic studies of the mature form of human mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase.

PubMed ID: 26902786

DOI: 10.5582/bst.2015.01150

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 430
  • Mass: 47518
  • Checksum: F559567ABF2DB346
  • Sequence:
    • MALLHSGRVL PGIAAAFHPG LAAAASARAS SWWTHVEMGP PDPILGVTEA FKRDTNSKKM 
NLGVGAYRDD NGKPYVLPSV RKAEAQIAAK NLDKEYLPIG GLAEFCKASA ELALGENSEV 
LKSGRFVTVQ TISGTGALRI GASFLQRFFK FSRDVFLPKP TWGNHTPIFR DAGMQLQGYR 
YYDPKTCGFD FTGAVEDISK IPEQSVLLLH ACAHNPTGVD PRPEQWKEIA TVVKKRNLFA 
FFDMAYQGFA SGDGDKDAWA VRHFIEQGIN VCLCQSYAKN MGLYGERVGA FTMVCKDADE 
AKRVESQLKI LIRPMYSNPP LNGARIAAAI LNTPDLRKQW LQEVKVMADR IIGMRTQLVS 
NLKKEGSTHN WQHITDQIGM FCFTGLKPEQ VERLIKEFSI YMTKDGRISV AGVTSSNVGY 
LAHAIHQVTK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.