Details for: GRM8

Gene ID: 2918

Symbol: GRM8

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179603

Description: glutamate metabotropic receptor 8

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 6.2109
    Cell Significance Index: 77.0400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 3.3821
    Cell Significance Index: 128.0700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 3.2555
    Cell Significance Index: 144.0000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 2.7066
    Cell Significance Index: 393.4400
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 2.0653
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.6087
    Cell Significance Index: 322.7100
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.2304
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 1.2236
    Cell Significance Index: 846.2900
  • Cell Name: L6 corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023042)
    Fold Change: 1.1447
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000123)
    Fold Change: 0.6661
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.5314
    Cell Significance Index: 32.6600
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.5102
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.2561
    Cell Significance Index: 17.2200
  • Cell Name: granule cell (CL0000120)
    Fold Change: 0.2218
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.2033
    Cell Significance Index: 72.9100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.1936
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8600
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.1866
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4400
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: 0.1664
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1264
    Cell Significance Index: 12.5100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1148
    Cell Significance Index: 21.8600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1134
    Cell Significance Index: 18.4500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0835
    Cell Significance Index: 75.3900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: 26.0100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0106
    Cell Significance Index: 19.4600
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0025
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7500
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.0297
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -22.6200
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0340
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9800
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0388
    Cell Significance Index: -28.4500
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023043)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0458
    Cell Significance Index: -25.8200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0510
    Cell Significance Index: -31.8500
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0512
    Cell Significance Index: -27.9500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0590
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0690
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0816
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0945
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1121
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1163
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.1266
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1299
    Cell Significance Index: -27.3600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1319
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1724
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.2029
    Cell Significance Index: -27.8600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.2039
    Cell Significance Index: -25.0700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.2049
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.2202
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.2250
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2338
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2366
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2470
    Cell Significance Index: -28.3000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.2538
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1300
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.2570
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2630
    Cell Significance Index: -31.0200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2700
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.3022
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9000
  • Cell Name: melanocyte of skin (CL1000458)
    Fold Change: -0.3039
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3285
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2500
  • Cell Name: stellate neuron (CL0000122)
    Fold Change: -0.3381
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3394
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8900
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.3407
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.3471
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3569
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6400
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.3581
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0800
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.3674
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3801
    Cell Significance Index: -30.1000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.3813
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1200
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.4059
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.4114
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2900
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.4256
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0900
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.4303
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.4339
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4432
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5100
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.5000
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.5009
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.5056
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.5570
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.5685
    Cell Significance Index: -29.5300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.5785
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5400
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.5812
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5300
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.6209
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2200
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.6238
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -0.6238
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0900
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.6408
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.6579
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4100
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.7638
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.7755
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8100
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.7803
    Cell Significance Index: -24.6800
  • Cell Name: professional antigen presenting cell (CL0000145)
    Fold Change: -0.7859
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.7964
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6700
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: -0.8006
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** GRM8 exhibits several key characteristics that distinguish it from other glutamate receptors. These include: 1. **Metabotropic nature**: GRM8 is a metabotropic receptor, which means it is coupled to G-proteins and activates downstream signaling pathways upon ligand binding. 2. **Group III classification**: GRM8 belongs to the group III metabotropic glutamate receptor family, which is characterized by its distinct ligand-binding properties and signaling mechanisms. 3. **Widespread expression**: GRM8 is expressed in various cell types, including macroglial cells, neurons, and cardiac endothelial cells, highlighting its importance in different physiological processes. 4. **Visual perception**: GRM8 is specifically expressed in retinal cells, suggesting its involvement in visual perception and processing. **Pathways and Functions** The signaling pathways and functions of GRM8 are characterized by its ability to inhibit adenylate cyclase and activate Gαi proteins. This leads to various cellular responses, including: 1. **Inhibition of adenylate cyclase**: GRM8 activation inhibits adenylate cyclase, which is involved in the production of cAMP, a key second messenger molecule. 2. **Activation of Gαi proteins**: GRM8 activation activates Gαi proteins, which in turn regulate various downstream signaling pathways, including protein kinase C (PKC) and phospholipase C (PLC). 3. **Regulation of synaptic transmission**: GRM8 plays a crucial role in regulating synaptic transmission, particularly in the retina, where it modulates the activity of retinal bipolar neurons and cone cells. 4. **Visual perception**: GRM8 is involved in visual perception, as it is expressed in retinal cells and modulates the activity of visual processing neurons. **Clinical Significance** The clinical significance of GRM8 is still being explored, but its dysregulation has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including: 1. **Neurodegenerative diseases**: GRM8 dysregulation has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where glutamate receptor dysfunction is a key pathological feature. 2. **Visual disorders**: GRM8 dysfunction has been implicated in visual disorders, such as retinitis pigmentosa, a genetic disorder affecting the retina. 3. **Mood disorders**: GRM8 dysregulation has been linked to mood disorders, such as depression, where glutamate receptor dysfunction is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder. In conclusion, GRM8 is a critical component of the glutamate system, playing a key role in regulating synaptic transmission and visual perception. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various neurological disorders, highlighting the importance of further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying GRM8 function and its clinical significance.

Genular Protein ID: 1992905438

Symbol: GRM8_HUMAN

Name: Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O00222 A4D0Y3 B0FZ74 B0M0L0 O15493 O95945 O95946 Q3MIV9 Q52M02 Q6J165

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 2 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 5 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 10 Ensembl 6 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 9 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 10 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 3 PDBsum 3 PRINTS 3 PRO 1 PROSITE 4 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 6 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9299241

Title: The human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) gene: a disproportionately large gene located at 7q31.3-q32.1.

PubMed ID: 9299241

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4842

PubMed ID: 9473604

Title: Group III human metabotropic glutamate receptors 4, 7 and 8: molecular cloning, functional expression, and comparison of pharmacological properties in RGT cells.

PubMed ID: 9473604

DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(97)00277-5

PubMed ID: 10216218

Title: Cloning and functional expression of alternative spliced variants of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8.

PubMed ID: 10216218

DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(99)00050-9

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 908
  • Mass: 101741
  • Checksum: 95C2D5883DAF6FDE
  • Sequence:
    • MVCEGKRSAS CPCFFLLTAK FYWILTMMQR THSQEYAHSI RVDGDIILGG LFPVHAKGER 
GVPCGELKKE KGIHRLEAML YAIDQINKDP DLLSNITLGV RILDTCSRDT YALEQSLTFV 
QALIEKDASD VKCANGDPPI FTKPDKISGV IGAAASSVSI MVANILRLFK IPQISYASTA 
PELSDNTRYD FFSRVVPPDS YQAQAMVDIV TALGWNYVST LASEGNYGES GVEAFTQISR 
EIGGVCIAQS QKIPREPRPG EFEKIIKRLL ETPNARAVIM FANEDDIRRI LEAAKKLNQS 
GHFLWIGSDS WGSKIAPVYQ QEEIAEGAVT ILPKRASIDG FDRYFRSRTL ANNRRNVWFA 
EFWEENFGCK LGSHGKRNSH IKKCTGLERI ARDSSYEQEG KVQFVIDAVY SMAYALHNMH 
KDLCPGYIGL CPRMSTIDGK ELLGYIRAVN FNGSAGTPVT FNENGDAPGR YDIFQYQITN 
KSTEYKVIGH WTNQLHLKVE DMQWAHREHT HPASVCSLPC KPGERKKTVK GVPCCWHCER 
CEGYNYQVDE LSCELCPLDQ RPNMNRTGCQ LIPIIKLEWH SPWAVVPVFV AILGIIATTF 
VIVTFVRYND TPIVRASGRE LSYVLLTGIF LCYSITFLMI AAPDTIICSF RRVFLGLGMC 
FSYAALLTKT NRIHRIFEQG KKSVTAPKFI SPASQLVITF SLISVQLLGV FVWFVVDPPH 
IIIDYGEQRT LDPEKARGVL KCDISDLSLI CSLGYSILLM VTCTVYAIKT RGVPETFNEA 
KPIGFTMYTT CIIWLAFIPI FFGTAQSAEK MYIQTTTLTV SMSLSASVSL GMLYMPKVYI 
IIFHPEQNVQ KRKRSFKAVV TAATMQSKLI QKGNDRPNGE VKSELCESLE TNTSSTKTTY 
ISYSNHSI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.