Details for: LOX

Gene ID: 4015

Symbol: LOX

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113083

Description: lysyl oxidase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 75.9265
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 42.2246
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 26.0102
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 2.9650
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7000
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.6153
    Cell Significance Index: 25.9200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 1.4856
    Cell Significance Index: 37.1400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 1.3610
    Cell Significance Index: 83.4400
  • Cell Name: preosteoblast (CL0007010)
    Fold Change: 1.1977
    Cell Significance Index: 10.8700
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.0232
    Cell Significance Index: 15.8300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.0181
    Cell Significance Index: 21.3100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.9401
    Cell Significance Index: 26.9500
  • Cell Name: chondroblast (CL0000058)
    Fold Change: 0.6337
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.5634
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.4468
    Cell Significance Index: 8.7200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3786
    Cell Significance Index: 72.0500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.3613
    Cell Significance Index: 49.6200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.3469
    Cell Significance Index: 11.1100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 0.3257
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.2255
    Cell Significance Index: 22.3100
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2176
    Cell Significance Index: 196.5200
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1862
    Cell Significance Index: 23.8700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 0.1299
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1095
    Cell Significance Index: 17.8100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0950
    Cell Significance Index: 51.8800
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.0933
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.0809
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0552
    Cell Significance Index: 34.4500
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0511
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4000
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0376
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.0348
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: 13.1700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: 0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0015
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0046
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0120
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0144
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0169
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0170
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0175
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1200
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0227
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0240
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.0265
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0273
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0373
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0378
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4100
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.0384
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0435
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0446
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0464
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0000
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.0580
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0670
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0674
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0893
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2300
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0980
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9300
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.1031
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1121
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1187
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1354
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1385
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5200
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1413
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: -0.1432
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1591
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1603
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1624
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.1678
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1722
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1733
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1754
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2277
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.2322
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.2564
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.2577
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1900
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.2608
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9300
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.2762
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2805
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2100
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.2807
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.2830
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2870
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.2893
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.2930
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.3026
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3034
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6300
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: -0.3203
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5800
  • Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3345
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.3415
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.3424
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3487
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.3489
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3500
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.3641
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.3654
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.3696
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Enzymatic activity:** LOX is a copper-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of lysine and hydroxylysine residues in collagen, leading to the formation of aldehydes and subsequent crosslinking of collagen fibrils. 2. **Cellular expression:** LOX is expressed in various cell types, including preosteoblasts, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells, highlighting its role in tissue development and maintenance. 3. **Tissue specificity:** LOX is highly expressed in tissues with high collagen content, such as skin, bone, and cartilage, underscoring its importance in ECM formation and stability. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Collagen crosslinking:** LOX is essential for the formation of stable collagen fibrils, which provide structural integrity to tissues. 2. **Tissue development:** LOX plays a critical role in the development of various tissues, including bone, cartilage, and skin, by regulating collagen synthesis and ECM organization. 3. **Wound healing:** LOX is involved in the wound healing process, where it helps to stabilize collagen fibrils and promote tissue repair. 4. **Immune response:** LOX has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses, including the modulation of inflammatory reactions and the promotion of tissue repair. 5. **Cellular signaling:** LOX can interact with various signaling pathways, including the PI3K/PKB and TGF-β pathways, to regulate cellular behavior and tissue development. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Bone disorders:** LOX mutations have been associated with various bone disorders, including osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, highlighting its critical role in bone development and ECM stability. 2. **Wound healing:** LOX dysfunction has been linked to impaired wound healing, which can lead to chronic wounds and impaired tissue repair. 3. **Cancer:** LOX has been implicated in cancer progression, where it can promote tumor growth and metastasis by regulating ECM remodeling and immune evasion. 4. **Immune-mediated diseases:** LOX has been shown to regulate immune responses, including the modulation of inflammatory reactions and the promotion of tissue repair, making it a potential therapeutic target for immune-mediated diseases. In conclusion, LOX is a multifunctional enzyme that plays a crucial role in the regulation of collagen synthesis, ECM organization, and tissue development. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including bone disorders, wound healing impairments, and cancer progression. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of LOX and its role in immunological and connective tissue processes.

Genular Protein ID: 625606993

Symbol: LYOX_HUMAN

Name: Protein-lysine 6-oxidase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1685472

Title: Molecular cloning of human lysyl oxidase and assignment of the gene to chromosome 5q23.3-31.2.

PubMed ID: 1685472

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90057-l

PubMed ID: 1357535

Title: The complete derived amino acid sequence of human lysyl oxidase and assignment of the gene to chromosome 5 (extensive sequence homology with the murine ras recision gene).

PubMed ID: 1357535

DOI: 10.1016/s0934-8832(11)80067-3

PubMed ID: 7706256

Title: A new gene with sequence and structural similarity to the gene encoding human lysyl oxidase.

PubMed ID: 7706256

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.13.7176

PubMed ID: 10391127

Title: Epigenetic inhibition of lysyl oxidase transcription after transformation by ras oncogene.

PubMed ID: 10391127

DOI: 10.1023/a:1006913122261

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7902322

Title: Structure of the human lysyl oxidase gene.

PubMed ID: 7902322

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1993.1369

PubMed ID: 1352776

Title: Characterization of the human lysyl oxidase gene locus.

PubMed ID: 1352776

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49723-8

PubMed ID: 19570982

Title: Differential regulation of elastic fiber formation by fibulin-4 and -5.

PubMed ID: 19570982

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.019364

PubMed ID: 19855011

Title: Fibulin-4 conducts proper elastogenesis via interaction with cross-linking enzyme lysyl oxidase.

PubMed ID: 19855011

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0908268106

PubMed ID: 26601954

Title: Characterization of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) as a tropoelastin- and fibrillin-binding protein involved in elastic fiber formation.

PubMed ID: 26601954

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.681775

PubMed ID: 31152061

Title: Differential cleavage of lysyl oxidase by the metalloproteinases BMP1 and ADAMTS2/14 regulates collagen binding through a tyrosine sulfate domain.

PubMed ID: 31152061

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007806

PubMed ID: 8100215

Title: A restriction fragment length polymorphism results in a nonconservative amino acid substitution encoded within the first exon of the human lysyl oxidase gene.

PubMed ID: 8100215

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1993.1203

PubMed ID: 26838787

Title: LOX mutations predispose to thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections.

PubMed ID: 26838787

DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307130

PubMed ID: 27432961

Title: Loss of function mutation in LOX causes thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection in humans.

PubMed ID: 27432961

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601442113

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 417
  • Mass: 46944
  • Checksum: 6412A78443E03F04
  • Sequence:
  • MRFAWTVLLL GPLQLCALVH CAPPAAGQQQ PPREPPAAPG AWRQQIQWEN NGQVFSLLSL 
    GSQYQPQRRR DPGAAVPGAA NASAQQPRTP ILLIRDNRTA AARTRTAGSS GVTAGRPRPT 
    ARHWFQAGYS TSRAREAGAS RAENQTAPGE VPALSNLRPP SRVDGMVGDD PYNPYKYSDD 
    NPYYNYYDTY ERPRPGGRYR PGYGTGYFQY GLPDLVADPY YIQASTYVQK MSMYNLRCAA 
    EENCLASTAY RADVRDYDHR VLLRFPQRVK NQGTSDFLPS RPRYSWEWHS CHQHYHSMDE 
    FSHYDLLDAN TQRRVAEGHK ASFCLEDTSC DYGYHRRFAC TAHTQGLSPG CYDTYGADID 
    CQWIDITDVK PGNYILKVSV NPSYLVPESD YTNNVVRCDI RYTGHHAYAS GCTISPY

Genular Protein ID: 4074307060

Symbol: B0AZT2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 120
  • Mass: 13547
  • Checksum: 2C763461592DA50B
  • Sequence:
  • MDEFSHYDLL DANTQRRVAE GHKASFCLED TSCDYGYHRR FACTAHTQGL SPGCYDTYGA 
    DIDCQWIDIT DVKPGNYILK VSVNPSYLVP ESDYTNNVVR CDIRYTGHHA YASGCTISPY

Genular Protein ID: 3624044100

Symbol: B7ZAJ4_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 187
  • Mass: 21618
  • Checksum: 8B544A15B0543B73
  • Sequence:
  • MSMYNLRCAA EENCLASTAY RADVRDYDHR VLLRFPQRVK NQGTSDFLPS RPRYSWEWHS 
    CHQHYHSMDE FSHYDLLDAN TQRRVAEGHK ASFCLEDTSC DYGYHRRFAC TAHTQGLSPG 
    CYDTYGADID CQWIDITDVK PGNYILKVSV NPSYLVPESD YTNNVVRCDI RYTGHHAYAS 
    GCTISPY

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.