Details for: LTA

Gene ID: 4049

Symbol: LTA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000226979

Description: lymphotoxin alpha

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 36.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 12.9967
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2800
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 4.5176
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 2.4836
    Cell Significance Index: 72.9400
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 1.9243
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 0.8855
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 0.6414
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9700
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 0.5216
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.4926
    Cell Significance Index: 58.0900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.3774
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.3406
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2700
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: 0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5900
  • Cell Name: centrocyte (CL0009111)
    Fold Change: 0.0227
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0017
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0062
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0072
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1100
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0075
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6900
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0155
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0228
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0228
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3700
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.0237
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.0244
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0253
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0278
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0389
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7800
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0397
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0438
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0443
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0800
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0530
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0535
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0553
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0560
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5600
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0718
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0729
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0746
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0749
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0796
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0803
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0812
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2700
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.0826
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.0891
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.0983
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1002
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.1008
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1024
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2600
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.1049
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1068
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1072
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0200
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1088
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1153
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1173
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1179
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8600
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: -0.1200
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
  • Cell Name: centroblast (CL0009112)
    Fold Change: -0.1200
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1228
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.1238
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1284
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5700
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: -0.1436
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1444
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1458
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8000
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1471
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1481
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5500
  • Cell Name: tendon cell (CL0000388)
    Fold Change: -0.1522
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1572
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1676
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8300
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1759
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6600
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1896
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5800
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1896
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1913
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0800
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1969
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2600
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.1998
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9500
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.2049
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.2055
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.2061
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0700
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.2064
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2000
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: -0.2083
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.2134
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.2145
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3500
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.2227
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2248
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9100
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.2273
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.2279
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1900
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.2287
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.2337
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6000
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.2348
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2354
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6400
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.2377
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7400
  • Cell Name: urothelial cell (CL0000731)
    Fold Change: -0.2409
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2431
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** LTA is a trimeric protein composed of three subunits, each containing a death domain. It is a ligand for the TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2, which are expressed on the surface of various immune cells and other cells. LTA is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that induces apoptosis, necrosis, and inflammation in cells. It also regulates the production of other cytokines, including interferons and chemokines, and modulates the activity of immune cells, including T cells and macrophages. **Pathways and Functions** The pathways and functions of LTA involve the regulation of immune responses, inflammation, and cell death. Some of the key pathways and functions of LTA include: 1. **Apoptotic process**: LTA induces apoptosis in various cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and cancer cells. 2. **Cell-cell signaling**: LTA regulates the interaction between immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. 3. **Cytokine activity**: LTA modulates the production of other cytokines, including interferons and chemokines. 4. **Defense response to gram-positive bacterium**: LTA is involved in the defense response to gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. 5. **Lymph node development**: LTA is involved in the development and maintenance of lymphoid organs, including lymph nodes and spleen. **Clinical Significance** Dysregulation of LTA has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Autoimmune disorders**: LTA is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis. 2. **Cancer**: LTA is involved in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer. 3. **Inflammatory conditions**: LTA is involved in the regulation of inflammation in various conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and asthma. 4. **Neurological disorders**: LTA is involved in the regulation of neuroinflammation in various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In conclusion, LTA is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses, inflammation, and cell death. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, and understanding its mechanisms of action is essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Genular Protein ID: 3171799262

Symbol: TNFB_HUMAN

Name: Lymphotoxin-alpha

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P01374 Q8N4C3 Q9UKS8

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 13 Ensembl 6 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 21 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 4 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 3 PDBsum 3 PIR 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 6 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3555974

Title: Tandem arrangement of genes coding for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) in the human genome.

PubMed ID: 3555974

DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1986.051.01.073

PubMed ID: 3001109

Title: Structure and chromosomal localization of the human lymphotoxin gene.

PubMed ID: 3001109

DOI: 10.1002/jcb.240290302

PubMed ID: 3536896

Title: Cloning and expression of human lymphotoxin mRNA derived from a human T cell hybridoma.

PubMed ID: 3536896

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a121765

PubMed ID: 6334807

Title: Cloning and expression of cDNA for human lymphotoxin, a lymphokine with tumour necrosis activity.

PubMed ID: 6334807

DOI: 10.1038/312721a0

PubMed ID: 1353024

Title: Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding human tumor necrosis factor beta from B lymphoblastoid cell RPMI 1788.

PubMed ID: 1353024

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80425-g

PubMed ID: 8499947

Title: Dense Alu clustering and a potential new member of the NF kappa B family within a 90 kilobase HLA class III segment.

PubMed ID: 8499947

DOI: 10.1038/ng0293-137

PubMed ID: 10202016

Title: A new member of the Ig superfamily and a V-ATPase G subunit are among the predicted products of novel genes close to the TNF locus in the human MHC.

PubMed ID: 10202016

PubMed ID: 14656967

Title: Analysis of the gene-dense major histocompatibility complex class III region and its comparison to mouse.

PubMed ID: 14656967

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1736803

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1451807

Title: Natural human tumor necrosis factor beta (lymphotoxin). Variable O-glycosylation at Thr7, proteolytic processing, and allelic variation.

PubMed ID: 1451807

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)81467-z

PubMed ID: 9462508

Title: LIGHT, a new member of the TNF superfamily, and lymphotoxin alpha are ligands for herpesvirus entry mediator.

PubMed ID: 9462508

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80455-0

PubMed ID: 1733919

Title: The structure of human lymphotoxin (tumor necrosis factor-beta) at 1.9-A resolution.

PubMed ID: 1733919

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45849-8

PubMed ID: 8387891

Title: Crystal structure of the soluble human 55 kd TNF receptor-human TNF beta complex: implications for TNF receptor activation.

PubMed ID: 8387891

DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90132-a

PubMed ID: 24248355

Title: Dimerization of LTbetaR by LTalpha1beta2 is necessary and sufficient for signal transduction.

PubMed ID: 24248355

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310838110

PubMed ID: 1670638

Title: Polymorphic structure of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) locus: an NcoI polymorphism in the first intron of the human TNF-beta gene correlates with a variant amino acid in position 26 and a reduced level of TNF-beta production.

PubMed ID: 1670638

DOI: 10.1084/jem.173.1.209

PubMed ID: 1671667

Title: Haplotypic polymorphisms of the TNFB gene.

PubMed ID: 1671667

DOI: 10.1007/bf00211695

PubMed ID: 12746914

Title: Cytokine gene polymorphisms: association with psoriatic arthritis susceptibility and severity.

PubMed ID: 12746914

DOI: 10.1002/art.10935

PubMed ID: 17353895

Title: Stepwise replication identifies a low-producing lymphotoxin-alpha allele as a major risk factor for early-onset leprosy.

PubMed ID: 17353895

DOI: 10.1038/ng2000

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 205
  • Mass: 22297
  • Checksum: 1BBD5E7D496A3A82
  • Sequence:
    • MTPPERLFLP RVCGTTLHLL LLGLLLVLLP GAQGLPGVGL TPSAAQTARQ HPKMHLAHST 
LKPAAHLIGD PSKQNSLLWR ANTDRAFLQD GFSLSNNSLL VPTSGIYFVY SQVVFSGKAY 
SPKATSSPLY LAHEVQLFSS QYPFHVPLLS SQKMVYPGLQ EPWLHSMYHG AAFQLTQGDQ 
LSTHTDGIPH LVLSPSTVFF GAFAL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.