Details for: ME2

Gene ID: 4200

Symbol: ME2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000082212

Description: malic enzyme 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 276.2541
    Cell Significance Index: -42.9700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 154.7448
    Cell Significance Index: -39.2500
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 115.1360
    Cell Significance Index: -47.4300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 97.3476
    Cell Significance Index: -45.9600
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 95.4322
    Cell Significance Index: -38.7700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 85.1210
    Cell Significance Index: -43.7900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 40.8696
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0200
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 35.3865
    Cell Significance Index: -43.6300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 15.4245
    Cell Significance Index: -41.3200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 12.2450
    Cell Significance Index: -37.6100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 11.1681
    Cell Significance Index: -44.0700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 8.5489
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7100
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.8758
    Cell Significance Index: 112.6100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 1.7431
    Cell Significance Index: 109.8600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.4846
    Cell Significance Index: 297.8100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.4698
    Cell Significance Index: 159.8800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 1.1356
    Cell Significance Index: 132.3400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 1.0536
    Cell Significance Index: 377.9300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.8713
    Cell Significance Index: 786.7400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.8505
    Cell Significance Index: 24.5100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.7634
    Cell Significance Index: 9.1000
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.7004
    Cell Significance Index: 139.0000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.6412
    Cell Significance Index: 49.2100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.6182
    Cell Significance Index: 41.5700
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.5896
    Cell Significance Index: 12.9100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.5815
    Cell Significance Index: 25.7200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.5705
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.5430
    Cell Significance Index: 35.0300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.5400
    Cell Significance Index: 30.3000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.5329
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.5276
    Cell Significance Index: 19.9800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.4869
    Cell Significance Index: 29.9300
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.4692
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.4461
    Cell Significance Index: 308.5200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.4035
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3870
    Cell Significance Index: 26.7600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.3606
    Cell Significance Index: 65.0000
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.3576
    Cell Significance Index: 35.3700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2964
    Cell Significance Index: 34.9500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.2323
    Cell Significance Index: 28.5600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1339
    Cell Significance Index: 59.2100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.1333
    Cell Significance Index: 72.8100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1131
    Cell Significance Index: 15.5300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1025
    Cell Significance Index: 17.5100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0846
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.0643
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0446
    Cell Significance Index: 20.2500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: 37.2400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.0266
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0193
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: 32.7400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: 21.9700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0106
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0067
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0149
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0272
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0276
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0317
    Cell Significance Index: -23.5100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0428
    Cell Significance Index: -32.4100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0560
    Cell Significance Index: -31.5800
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0627
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0723
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0758
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7400
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1151
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1324
    Cell Significance Index: -38.1100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1482
    Cell Significance Index: -31.2100
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1586
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1701
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1872
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2404
    Cell Significance Index: -27.5400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.2868
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2933
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2800
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.2955
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.3182
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.3196
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3674
    Cell Significance Index: -38.2500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3674
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.3928
    Cell Significance Index: -44.8400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.4299
    Cell Significance Index: -32.0400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.4520
    Cell Significance Index: -35.8000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.4614
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.5196
    Cell Significance Index: -27.2800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.5270
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.5499
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7100
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.5641
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.5728
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.5935
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.6371
    Cell Significance Index: -22.1400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.6538
    Cell Significance Index: -40.0900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.6868
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1400
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.7195
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.7531
    Cell Significance Index: -18.8300
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.8530
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.9189
    Cell Significance Index: -26.3400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.9459
    Cell Significance Index: -30.9700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.9852
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.9940
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** ME2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that exhibits NAD+-dependent malic enzyme activity, allowing it to catalyze the interconversion of malate and pyruvate. This reaction is crucial for maintaining energy balance and regulating the citric acid cycle. ME2 is also involved in the breakdown of malic acid, which is a key energy source for neurons. The enzyme's activity is tightly regulated by NADP, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. **Pathways and Functions** ME2 is involved in several key metabolic pathways, including: 1. **Citric Acid Cycle (TCA Cycle)**: ME2 participates in the TCA cycle by converting malate to pyruvate, which is then fed into the citric acid cycle to produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2. 2. **Electron Transfer Activity**: ME2 is involved in electron transfer reactions, facilitating the transfer of electrons from NADP to malic acid, which is then reduced to form NADPH. 3. **Malate Metabolic Process**: ME2 catalyzes the breakdown of malic acid, producing pyruvate, which can be used to generate ATP. 4. **Metabolism of Pyruvate**: ME2 is involved in the metabolism of pyruvate, which is a key energy source for neurons. 5. **Metal Ion Binding**: ME2 binds to metal ions, such as zinc and manganese, which are essential for its catalytic activity. **Clinical Significance** Dysregulation of ME2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Neurodegenerative Disorders**: ME2 dysregulation has been linked to neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. 2. **Metabolic Disorders**: ME2 dysregulation has been implicated in metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. 3. **Cancer**: ME2 overexpression has been observed in various types of cancer, suggesting its potential role in tumorigenesis. 4. **Neurodevelopmental Disorders**: ME2 dysregulation has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. In conclusion, ME2 is a crucial enzyme involved in various metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle, electron transfer, and metabolism of malic acid. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of ME2 in maintaining energy homeostasis and neural function. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of ME2 in human disease and to develop therapeutic strategies to modulate its activity.

Genular Protein ID: 856899750

Symbol: MAOM_HUMAN

Name: NAD-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P23368 B2R8J2 Q9BWL6 Q9BYG1 Q9H4B2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 CarbonylDB 1 ChEBI 19 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 5 EC 2 EMBL 8 EMDB 3 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 13 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 2 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 16 PDBsum 16 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 2 Rhea 2 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1993674

Title: Human NAD(+)-dependent mitochondrial malic enzyme. cDNA cloning, primary structure, and expression in Escherichia coli.

PubMed ID: 1993674

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)49948-6

PubMed ID: 11401430

Title: Physical and transcriptional map of a 311-kb segment of chromosome 18q21, a candidate lung tumor suppressor locus.

PubMed ID: 11401430

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6454

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16177791

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 18.

PubMed ID: 16177791

DOI: 10.1038/nature03983

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 10467136

Title: Crystal structure of human mitochondrial NAD(P)(+)-dependent malic enzyme: a new class of oxidative decarboxylases.

PubMed ID: 10467136

DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(99)80115-4

PubMed ID: 10700286

Title: Structure of a closed form of human malic enzyme and implications for catalytic mechanism.

PubMed ID: 10700286

DOI: 10.1038/73378

PubMed ID: 12121650

Title: Molecular mechanism for the regulation of human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme by ATP and fumarate.

PubMed ID: 12121650

DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(02)00788-8

PubMed ID: 12962632

Title: Crystal structures of substrate complexes of malic enzyme and insights into the catalytic mechanism.

PubMed ID: 12962632

DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(03)00168-0

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 584
  • Mass: 65444
  • Checksum: 4CEF9AF89B07D93D
  • Sequence:
    • MLSRLRVVST TCTLACRHLH IKEKGKPLML NPRTNKGMAF TLQERQMLGL QGLLPPKIET 
QDIQALRFHR NLKKMTSPLE KYIYIMGIQE RNEKLFYRIL QDDIESLMPI VYTPTVGLAC 
SQYGHIFRRP KGLFISISDR GHVRSIVDNW PENHVKAVVV TDGERILGLG DLGVYGMGIP 
VGKLCLYTAC AGIRPDRCLP VCIDVGTDNI ALLKDPFYMG LYQKRDRTQQ YDDLIDEFMK 
AITDRYGRNT LIQFEDFGNH NAFRFLRKYR EKYCTFNDDI QGTAAVALAG LLAAQKVISK 
PISEHKILFL GAGEAALGIA NLIVMSMVEN GLSEQEAQKK IWMFDKYGLL VKGRKAKIDS 
YQEPFTHSAP ESIPDTFEDA VNILKPSTII GVAGAGRLFT PDVIRAMASI NERPVIFALS 
NPTAQAECTA EEAYTLTEGR CLFASGSPFG PVKLTDGRVF TPGQGNNVYI FPGVALAVIL 
CNTRHISDSV FLEAAKALTS QLTDEELAQG RLYPPLANIQ EVSINIAIKV TEYLYANKMA 
FRYPEPEDKA KYVKERTWRS EYDSLLPDVY EWPESASSPP VITE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.