Details for: PARD6A

Gene ID: 50855

Symbol: PARD6A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000102981

Description: par-6 family cell polarity regulator alpha

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 59.9183
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 33.7087
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 7.6240
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 2.3051
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.2713
    Cell Significance Index: 27.0800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.9380
    Cell Significance Index: 92.7900
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.7214
    Cell Significance Index: 43.3100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.6280
    Cell Significance Index: 68.3100
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.5949
    Cell Significance Index: 537.1400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.5335
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4958
    Cell Significance Index: 80.6400
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 0.4648
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.4523
    Cell Significance Index: 86.0700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3017
    Cell Significance Index: 20.8700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.2270
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3100
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.2077
    Cell Significance Index: 10.7900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.1701
    Cell Significance Index: 8.9300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1444
    Cell Significance Index: 28.9700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.1325
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1274
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1202
    Cell Significance Index: 14.1800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0916
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0789
    Cell Significance Index: 9.1900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0610
    Cell Significance Index: 33.3200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0572
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.0556
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0505
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0462
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0310
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: 9.2000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0202
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.0164
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0087
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0110
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0158
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8600
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0213
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0341
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0376
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0396
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0404
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0409
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0417
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0425
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0447
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0465
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.0531
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0648
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0715
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0749
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0789
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0802
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0829
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0914
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5200
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0998
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1003
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1229
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4300
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1356
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1454
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0900
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1605
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1618
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1632
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6700
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.1679
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1708
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0300
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1760
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1792
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9300
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1811
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9300
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1835
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1893
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.1945
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2084
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.2109
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.2148
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8800
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2203
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2329
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2375
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7200
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.2431
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8800
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: -0.2440
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2471
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7100
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.2511
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.2524
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1600
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2529
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0000
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2714
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.2790
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8400
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.2844
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PARD6A is a member of the Par family of proteins, which are essential for establishing and maintaining cell polarity. The gene is highly expressed in various tissues, including the respiratory tract, small intestine, cerebral cortex, and colon. PARD6A interacts with other proteins, such as PAR3, to form the Par polarity complex, which is responsible for regulating cell polarity and cell junction organization. The gene is also involved in signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β, which are critical for regulating cellular processes such as cell division, migration, and differentiation. **Pathways and Functions:** PARD6A is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Establishment of Asymmetric Cell Polarity:** PARD6A interacts with PAR3 to form the Par polarity complex, which regulates the asymmetric localization of key proteins, such as β-catenin, to establish cell polarity. 2. **Cell Junction Organization:** PARD6A is involved in the regulation of tight junctions, which are essential for maintaining the integrity of epithelial tissues. 3. **Wnt/β-catenin Signaling:** PARD6A interacts with β-catenin to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway, which is critical for regulating cellular processes such as cell division and differentiation. 4. **TGF-β Signaling:** PARD6A is also involved in the regulation of TGF-β signaling, which is essential for regulating cellular processes such as cell migration and differentiation. **Clinical Significance:** Abnormal expression or function of PARD6A has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer:** PARD6A has been shown to be overexpressed in several types of cancer, including colon, lung, and breast cancer. Abnormal expression of PARD6A has been associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. 2. **Neurological Disorders:** PARD6A has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Abnormal expression of PARD6A has been associated with neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. 3. **Epithelial Diseases:** PARD6A has been shown to be involved in the regulation of epithelial cell polarity and tight junctions. Abnormal expression of PARD6A has been associated with various epithelial diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease and skin disorders. In conclusion, PARD6A is a critical gene that plays a key role in regulating cell polarity and cell junction organization. Abnormal expression or function of PARD6A has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and epithelial diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which PARD6A regulates cellular processes and to identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of these diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2670176306

Symbol: PAR6A_HUMAN

Name: Partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9NPB6 O14911 Q9NPJ7

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 2 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 2 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 23 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 7 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10954424

Title: The mammalian homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans polarity protein PAR-6 is a binding partner for the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1.

PubMed ID: 10954424

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.113.18.3267

PubMed ID: 10873802

Title: A human homolog of the Caenorhabditis elegans polarity determinant Par-6 links Rac and Cdc42 to PKC-zeta signaling and cell transformation.

PubMed ID: 10873802

DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00535-2

PubMed ID: 10934474

Title: The cell-polarity protein Par6 links Par3 and atypical protein kinase C to Cdc42.

PubMed ID: 10934474

DOI: 10.1038/35019573

PubMed ID: 11257119

Title: Atypical protein kinase C is involved in the evolutionarily conserved par protein complex and plays a critical role in establishing epithelia-specific junctional structures.

PubMed ID: 11257119

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.152.6.1183

PubMed ID: 11260256

Title: Human homologues of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell polarity protein PAR6 as an adaptor that links the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 to atypical protein kinase C.

PubMed ID: 11260256

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2001.00404.x

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9482110

Title: The C-terminus of the HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein mediates interaction with the PDZ domain of cellular proteins.

PubMed ID: 9482110

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1201567

PubMed ID: 12545177

Title: Direct interaction of two polarity complexes implicated in epithelial tight junction assembly.

PubMed ID: 12545177

DOI: 10.1038/ncb923

PubMed ID: 14718572

Title: CRB3 binds directly to Par6 and regulates the morphogenesis of the tight junctions in mammalian epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 14718572

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e03-04-0235

PubMed ID: 15254234

Title: Nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 interacts with the polarity protein complex Par6/Par3/protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) and regulates PKCzeta activity.

PubMed ID: 15254234

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.15.6665-6675.2004

PubMed ID: 15761148

Title: Regulation of the polarity protein Par6 by TGFbeta receptors controls epithelial cell plasticity.

PubMed ID: 15761148

DOI: 10.1126/science.1105718

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19617897

Title: Ect2 links the PKCiota-Par6alpha complex to Rac1 activation and cellular transformation.

PubMed ID: 19617897

DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.217

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20719959

Title: Par6 alpha interacts with the dynactin subunit p150 Glued and is a critical regulator of centrosomal protein recruitment.

PubMed ID: 20719959

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-05-0430

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 15590654

Title: Structure of a cell polarity regulator, a complex between atypical PKC and Par6 PB1 domains.

PubMed ID: 15590654

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m409823200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 346
  • Mass: 37388
  • Checksum: 9241E0EDC3694AD4
  • Sequence:
    • MARPQRTPAR SPDSIVEVKS KFDAEFRRFA LPRASVSGFQ EFSRLLRAVH QIPGLDVLLG 
YTDAHGDLLP LTNDDSLHRA LASGPPPLRL LVQKRAEADS SGLAFASNSL QRRKKGLLLR 
PVAPLRTRPP LLISLPQDFR QVSSVIDVDL LPETHRRVRL HKHGSDRPLG FYIRDGMSVR 
VAPQGLERVP GIFISRLVRG GLAESTGLLA VSDEILEVNG IEVAGKTLDQ VTDMMVANSH 
NLIVTVKPAN QRNNVVRGAS GRLTGPPSAG PGPAEPDSDD DSSDLVIENR QPPSSNGLSQ 
GPPCWDLHPG CRHPGTRSSL PSLDDQEQAS SGWGSRIRGD GSGFSL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.