Details for: PYGB

Gene ID: 5834

Symbol: PYGB

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100994

Description: glycogen phosphorylase B

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 209.7139
    Cell Significance Index: -32.6200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 126.5556
    Cell Significance Index: -32.1000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 65.7219
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7000
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 60.9854
    Cell Significance Index: -31.3700
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 48.7465
    Cell Significance Index: -32.7100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 27.9918
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7300
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 26.5784
    Cell Significance Index: -32.7700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 11.6094
    Cell Significance Index: -31.1000
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 9.3897
    Cell Significance Index: -28.8400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 8.3349
    Cell Significance Index: -32.8900
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 8.2245
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0000
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.9559
    Cell Significance Index: 40.3300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 2.6891
    Cell Significance Index: 23.8700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of sweat gland (CL1000448)
    Fold Change: 2.6866
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9200
  • Cell Name: epidermal cell (CL0000362)
    Fold Change: 2.5194
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 1.9002
    Cell Significance Index: 145.8200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.4118
    Cell Significance Index: 63.9900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 1.3824
    Cell Significance Index: 161.1000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.2365
    Cell Significance Index: 248.0400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.8784
    Cell Significance Index: 142.8700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.8539
    Cell Significance Index: 306.3000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.6998
    Cell Significance Index: 32.6300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.6361
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.5778
    Cell Significance Index: 34.6900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.5614
    Cell Significance Index: 15.6900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4659
    Cell Significance Index: 92.4500
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.4609
    Cell Significance Index: 21.6600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.4452
    Cell Significance Index: 307.9500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4325
    Cell Significance Index: 29.9100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.4288
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.3749
    Cell Significance Index: 25.2100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.3712
    Cell Significance Index: 164.1100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.3298
    Cell Significance Index: 59.4600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.2997
    Cell Significance Index: 29.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.2718
    Cell Significance Index: 33.4200
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2579
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2568
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.2442
    Cell Significance Index: 31.5500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2021
    Cell Significance Index: 38.4600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.1789
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6800
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 0.1686
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1611
    Cell Significance Index: 22.1200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.1385
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.1275
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.1042
    Cell Significance Index: 56.9100
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: 0.0999
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0935
    Cell Significance Index: 84.4400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0911
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0568
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0228
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: 23.5400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: 20.9200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: 12.9200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: 0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0051
    Cell Significance Index: 9.4500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0107
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0175
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0177
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0181
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0216
    Cell Significance Index: -15.8300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0287
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0394
    Cell Significance Index: -22.2400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0541
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8600
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0584
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0683
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0807
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0808
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2200
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0872
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0985
    Cell Significance Index: -28.3500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1073
    Cell Significance Index: -22.6100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.1155
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1227
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1231
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1284
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1317
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1333
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2800
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous adipocyte (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: -0.1401
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1605
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1693
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.1832
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2396
    Cell Significance Index: -17.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2755
    Cell Significance Index: -31.4500
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland (CL4033005)
    Fold Change: -0.3208
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3293
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.4496
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4200
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.4503
    Cell Significance Index: -27.6100
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.4537
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6300
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.4692
    Cell Significance Index: -29.5700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.4820
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.4843
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7400
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.4858
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.5525
    Cell Significance Index: -19.2000
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.5675
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.5769
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.5821
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.6256
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4700
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.6373
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3300
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.6387
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PYGB is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate, a critical step in glycogenolysis. The enzyme exists in two forms: glycogen phosphorylase B (a constitutively active form) and glycogen phosphorylase M (an inactive form). The switch between these two forms is regulated by phosphorylation, with glycogen phosphorylase B being more active in tissues with high energy demands. **Pathways and Functions:** PYGB is involved in various cellular processes, including: 1. **Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis):** PYGB catalyzes the conversion of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate, providing a rapid source of energy for cells. 2. **Immune system:** PYGB has been shown to regulate neutrophil degranulation and innate immunity, suggesting a role in the host defense against pathogens. 3. **Neutrophil degranulation:** PYGB interacts with other immune-related proteins, such as granule-associated proteins, to regulate the release of antimicrobial peptides and enzymes. 4. **Glycogen catabolic process:** PYGB is involved in the breakdown of glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate, which can be further metabolized to produce energy. 5. **Glycogen metabolism:** PYGB regulates the activity of glycogen synthase, ensuring proper glycogen synthesis and storage. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of PYGB has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Diabetes:** Alterations in glycogen phosphorylase activity have been linked to impaired glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. 2. **Neurodegenerative disorders:** Changes in PYGB expression and activity have been observed in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 3. **Infectious diseases:** PYGB has been shown to play a role in regulating innate immunity, making it a potential target for the development of novel antimicrobial therapies. In conclusion, glycogen phosphorylase B is a multifunctional enzyme that plays a critical role in regulating glycogen metabolism and immune responses. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PYGB's involvement in these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1509704906

Symbol: PYGB_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P11216 Q96AK1 Q9NPX8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CAZy 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 8 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EC 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 10 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 3 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3346228

Title: Human brain glycogen phosphorylase. Cloning, sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping, tissue expression, and comparison with the human liver and muscle isozymes.

PubMed ID: 3346228

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)69003-9

PubMed ID: 2615594

Title: Human brain glycogen phosphorylase: characterization of fetal cDNA and genomic sequences.

PubMed ID: 2615594

DOI: 10.1016/0169-328x(89)90052-1

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 27402852

Title: Insights into Brain Glycogen Metabolism: THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN BRAIN GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE.

PubMed ID: 27402852

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 843
  • Mass: 96696
  • Checksum: 810BFAD3002CACB0
  • Sequence:
    • MAKPLTDSEK RKQISVRGLA GLGDVAEVRK SFNRHLHFTL VKDRNVATPR DYFFALAHTV 
RDHLVGRWIR TQQHYYERDP KRIYYLSLEF YMGRTLQNTM VNLGLQNACD EAIYQLGLDL 
EELEEIEEDA GLGNGGLGRL AACFLDSMAT LGLAAYGYGI RYEFGIFNQK IVNGWQVEEA 
DDWLRYGNPW EKARPEYMLP VHFYGRVEHT PDGVKWLDTQ VVLAMPYDTP VPGYKNNTVN 
TMRLWSAKAP NDFKLQDFNV GDYIEAVLDR NLAENISRVL YPNDNFFEGK ELRLKQEYFV 
VAATLQDIIR RFKSSKFGCR DPVRTCFETF PDKVAIQLND THPALSIPEL MRILVDVEKV 
DWDKAWEITK KTCAYTNHTV LPEALERWPV SMFEKLLPRH LEIIYAINQR HLDHVAALFP 
GDVDRLRRMS VIEEGDCKRI NMAHLCVIGS HAVNGVARIH SEIVKQSVFK DFYELEPEKF 
QNKTNGITPR RWLLLCNPGL ADTIVEKIGE EFLTDLSQLK KLLPLVSDEV FIRDVAKVKQ 
ENKLKFSAFL EKEYKVKINP SSMFDVHVKR IHEYKRQLLN CLHVVTLYNR IKRDPAKAFV 
PRTVMIGGKA APGYHMAKLI IKLVTSIGDV VNHDPVVGDR LKVIFLENYR VSLAEKVIPA 
ADLSQQISTA GTEASGTGNM KFMLNGALTI GTMDGANVEM AEEAGAENLF IFGLRVEDVE 
ALDRKGYNAR EYYDHLPELK QAVDQISSGF FSPKEPDCFK DIVNMLMHHD RFKVFADYEA 
YMQCQAQVDQ LYRNPKEWTK KVIRNIACSG KFSSDRTITE YAREIWGVEP SDLQIPPPNI 
PRD

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.