Details for: PYGL

Gene ID: 5836

Symbol: PYGL

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100504

Description: glycogen phosphorylase L

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 152.1744
    Cell Significance Index: -23.6700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 67.9300
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2300
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 51.6176
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 47.9990
    Cell Significance Index: -24.6900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 21.9221
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9300
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 19.2870
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 6.0795
    Cell Significance Index: -23.9900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 4.4205
    Cell Significance Index: 95.7700
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 3.7096
    Cell Significance Index: 30.2500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 2.3894
    Cell Significance Index: 124.1200
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 2.0796
    Cell Significance Index: 17.8700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 2.0392
    Cell Significance Index: 404.6900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.8867
    Cell Significance Index: 186.6400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.7310
    Cell Significance Index: 329.4200
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 1.1103
    Cell Significance Index: 142.3400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 1.1070
    Cell Significance Index: 20.4600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.9764
    Cell Significance Index: 20.8000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.9471
    Cell Significance Index: 170.7400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.8108
    Cell Significance Index: 21.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.8038
    Cell Significance Index: 98.8400
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 0.7193
    Cell Significance Index: 10.2400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.6695
    Cell Significance Index: 108.8800
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.6389
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9700
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.6277
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2500
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.5785
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.5781
    Cell Significance Index: 62.8800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.5555
    Cell Significance Index: 303.3500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.5192
    Cell Significance Index: 14.5100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.5079
    Cell Significance Index: 28.5000
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: 0.5075
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.4452
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1000
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.3776
    Cell Significance Index: 22.6700
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.3615
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.3593
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.3240
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2814
    Cell Significance Index: 38.6500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2556
    Cell Significance Index: 17.6800
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2206
    Cell Significance Index: 15.6000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.1555
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1506
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8300
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous adipocyte (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: 0.1286
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5600
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.1170
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0979
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6400
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0749
    Cell Significance Index: 33.1300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0418
    Cell Significance Index: 15.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: 32.6100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: 7.0300
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0094
    Cell Significance Index: 14.5400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.0220
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0289
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0342
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3200
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0407
    Cell Significance Index: -18.4800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0414
    Cell Significance Index: -25.8800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0442
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0451
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0581
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0592
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0500
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0599
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0700
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0871
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0890
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1900
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.1118
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1231
    Cell Significance Index: -25.9400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1303
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8400
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1445
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1747
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0200
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1871
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1971
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5300
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.2081
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2102
    Cell Significance Index: -24.7900
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.2147
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1300
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.2461
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2564
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1600
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2571
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2628
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2714
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2787
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2833
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2856
    Cell Significance Index: -22.6200
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.3037
    Cell Significance Index: -15.8200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.3095
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.3139
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3964
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4301
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.4643
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2500
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4669
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.4735
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.5115
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9200
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.5324
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9100
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.5501
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.5597
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.5623
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Expression Pattern:** The PYGL gene is significantly expressed in various cell types, including neural progenitor cells, CD14-positive monocytes, Hofbauer cells, bladder urothelial cells, Mueller cells, conjunctival epithelial cells, A2 amacrine cells, hepatoblasts, and classical monocytes. 2. **Enzymatic Activity:** Glycogen phosphorylase L is a key enzyme in the glycogen breakdown pathway, catalyzing the conversion of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate. 3. **Regulatory Mechanisms:** PYGL is subject to various regulatory mechanisms, including feedback inhibition by glucose-1-phosphate and phosphorylation by protein kinase A. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Glycogen Metabolism:** The PYGL gene is essential for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate, which can then be converted to glucose-6-phosphate and used for energy production or glycogen synthesis. 2. **Immune Response:** Glycogen phosphorylase L has been implicated in the regulation of innate immunity, particularly in the context of neutrophil degranulation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. 3. **Cell Signaling:** PYGL is involved in various cell signaling pathways, including the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which regulates glucose metabolism and energy balance. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Glycogen Storage Diseases:** Mutations in the PYGL gene have been associated with glycogen storage disease type VII (GSD VII), also known as Cori's disease. 2. **Immune-Related Disorders:** Abnormalities in PYGL expression have been linked to various immune-related disorders, including autoimmune diseases and inflammatory conditions. 3. **Cancer:** Glycogen phosphorylase L has been implicated in cancer progression, particularly in the context of tumor cell metabolism and immune evasion. In conclusion, the glycogen phosphorylase L gene (PYGL) plays a critical role in glycogen metabolism and immune response. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying PYGL expression and function, particularly in the context of disease.

Genular Protein ID: 2555201667

Symbol: PYGL_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P06737 A6NDQ4 B4DUB7 F5H816 O60567 O60752 O60913 Q501V9 Q641R5 Q96G82

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CAZy 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 7 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 24 EMDB 1 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 23 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneReviews 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 19 PDBsum 19 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 2 Rhea 4 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2877458

Title: Sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding human liver glycogen phosphorylase reveals tissue-specific codon usage.

PubMed ID: 2877458

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8132

PubMed ID: 9536091

Title: Identification of a mutation in liver glycogen phosphorylase in glycogen storage disease type VI.

PubMed ID: 9536091

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/7.5.865

PubMed ID: 9529348

Title: Mutations in the liver glycogen phosphorylase gene 'PYGL' underlying glycogenosis type VI.

PubMed ID: 9529348

DOI: 10.1086/301790

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12508121

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.

PubMed ID: 12508121

DOI: 10.1038/nature01348

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3509980

Title: McArdle's & Hers' diseases: glycogen phosphorylase transcriptional expression in human tissues.

PubMed ID: 3509980

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22225877

Title: Acetylation negatively regulates glycogen phosphorylase by recruiting protein phosphatase 1.

PubMed ID: 22225877

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.12.005

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 10980448

Title: Human liver glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors bind at a new allosteric site.

PubMed ID: 10980448

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(00)00004-1

PubMed ID: 10949035

Title: Activation of human liver glycogen phosphorylase by alteration of the secondary structure and packing of the catalytic core.

PubMed ID: 10949035

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(05)00006-7

PubMed ID: 12204691

Title: Structure-activity analysis of the purine binding site of human liver glycogen phosphorylase.

PubMed ID: 12204691

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(02)00186-2

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 847
  • Mass: 97149
  • Checksum: 74017E8125FB5735
  • Sequence:
    • MAKPLTDQEK RRQISIRGIV GVENVAELKK SFNRHLHFTL VKDRNVATTR DYYFALAHTV 
RDHLVGRWIR TQQHYYDKCP KRVYYLSLEF YMGRTLQNTM INLGLQNACD EAIYQLGLDI 
EELEEIEEDA GLGNGGLGRL AACFLDSMAT LGLAAYGYGI RYEYGIFNQK IRDGWQVEEA 
DDWLRYGNPW EKSRPEFMLP VHFYGKVEHT NTGTKWIDTQ VVLALPYDTP VPGYMNNTVN 
TMRLWSARAP NDFNLRDFNV GDYIQAVLDR NLAENISRVL YPNDNFFEGK ELRLKQEYFV 
VAATLQDIIR RFKASKFGST RGAGTVFDAF PDQVAIQLND THPALAIPEL MRIFVDIEKL 
PWSKAWELTQ KTFAYTNHTV LPEALERWPV DLVEKLLPRH LEIIYEINQK HLDRIVALFP 
KDVDRLRRMS LIEEEGSKRI NMAHLCIVGS HAVNGVAKIH SDIVKTKVFK DFSELEPDKF 
QNKTNGITPR RWLLLCNPGL AELIAEKIGE DYVKDLSQLT KLHSFLGDDV FLRELAKVKQ 
ENKLKFSQFL ETEYKVKINP SSMFDVQVKR IHEYKRQLLN CLHVITMYNR IKKDPKKLFV 
PRTVIIGGKA APGYHMAKMI IKLITSVADV VNNDPMVGSK LKVIFLENYR VSLAEKVIPA 
TDLSEQISTA GTEASGTGNM KFMLNGALTI GTMDGANVEM AEEAGEENLF IFGMRIDDVA 
ALDKKGYEAK EYYEALPELK LVIDQIDNGF FSPKQPDLFK DIINMLFYHD RFKVFADYEA 
YVKCQDKVSQ LYMNPKAWNT MVLKNIAASG KFSSDRTIKE YAQNIWNVEP SDLKISLSNE 
SNKVNGN

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.