Details for: S100B

Gene ID: 6285

Symbol: S100B

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160307

Description: S100 calcium binding protein B

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 116.8792
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 71.6754
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1800
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 43.1001
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 34.5037
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2900
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 14.6396
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 4.6173
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: 2.4486
    Cell Significance Index: 34.2400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.3343
    Cell Significance Index: 43.2000
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: 0.1803
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.1585
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.1422
    Cell Significance Index: 20.6700
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 0.1255
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 0.0947
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0591
    Cell Significance Index: 111.3700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0434
    Cell Significance Index: 66.8200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: 50.2400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0336
    Cell Significance Index: 61.8800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0302
    Cell Significance Index: 19.1900
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.0161
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3500
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.0142
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0159
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0168
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0222
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6800
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.0280
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0339
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0352
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0496
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0607
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0758
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0778
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9700
  • Cell Name: liver dendritic cell (CL2000055)
    Fold Change: -0.0796
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0852
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0906
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0907
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0979
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0200
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1049
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1220
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.1221
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1251
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1256
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1406
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1512
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1606
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1687
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1690
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1801
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2244
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4800
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2648
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2684
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.3134
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.3327
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3396
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.3514
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7200
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.3525
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9300
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.3662
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4086
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0000
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.4148
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5800
  • Cell Name: glial cell (CL0000125)
    Fold Change: -0.4199
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6000
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: -0.4320
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.4396
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.4418
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5400
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.4570
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2400
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.4583
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.4590
    Cell Significance Index: -18.8100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.4704
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.4789
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1100
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.4926
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5800
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4939
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1700
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.5058
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.5155
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5200
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5219
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.5284
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.5330
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2800
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.5505
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3000
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.5533
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.5588
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4100
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.5792
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3400
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.5910
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9400
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: -0.5976
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6000
  • Cell Name: macroglial cell (CL0000126)
    Fold Change: -0.6098
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0600
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.6240
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2800
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: -0.6431
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.6438
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.6459
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0500
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: -0.6592
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0900
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.6595
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4500
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.6766
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.6827
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.6887
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3900
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.6909
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.6936
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7200
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.6990
    Cell Significance Index: -17.8100
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.7001
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Calcium-binding protein**: S100B is a calcium-binding protein that plays a crucial role in modulating protein-protein interactions and signaling pathways. 2. **Expression in central nervous system**: S100B is highly expressed in the central nervous system, particularly in oligodendrocytes, neurons, and astrocytes. 3. **Regulation of neuronal function**: S100B is involved in regulating neuronal development, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. 4. **Immune system modulation**: S100B modulates cytokine signaling and regulates the activity of immune cells, such as macrophages and T-cells. 5. **Signaling pathways**: S100B is involved in numerous signaling pathways, including ERK, JNK, and NF-κB pathways. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Adaptive thermogenesis**: S100B is involved in regulating the expression of genes involved in adaptive thermogenesis, a process that helps the body to regulate its energy expenditure. 2. **Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signaling**: S100B modulates the activity of advanced glycosylation endproduct receptors, which are involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune response. 3. **Axonogenesis**: S100B is involved in regulating the growth and development of axons, a crucial process in neuronal development. 4. **Calcium-dependent protein binding**: S100B is a calcium-binding protein that regulates protein-protein interactions and signaling pathways. 5. **Cytokine signaling in immune system**: S100B modulates cytokine signaling, regulating the activity of immune cells and the production of cytokines. **Clinical Significance:** S100B has been implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including: 1. **Traumatic brain injury**: Elevated S100B levels have been observed in patients with traumatic brain injury, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker for brain damage. 2. **Alzheimer's disease**: S100B has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, where it is thought to contribute to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. 3. **Multiple sclerosis**: S100B has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. 4. **Stroke**: Elevated S100B levels have been observed in patients with stroke, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker for cerebral damage. In conclusion, S100B is a multifaceted protein that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including immune response, neuronal development, and synaptic plasticity. Its clinical significance is evident in its involvement in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, where it may serve as a biomarker for brain damage and disease progression. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of S100B in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 620476482

Symbol: S100B_HUMAN

Name: Protein S100-B

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P04271 D3DSN6

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CPTAC 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 14 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DisProt 1 DrugBank 9 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 9 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 29 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 IDEAL 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 15 PDBsum 15 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2394738

Title: Cloning and expression of the human S100 beta gene.

PubMed ID: 2394738

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55430-2

PubMed ID: 10830953

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21.

PubMed ID: 10830953

DOI: 10.1038/35012518

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 4031854

Title: Characterization of human brain S100 protein fraction: amino acid sequence of S100 beta.

PubMed ID: 4031854

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb04048.x

PubMed ID: 6487634

Title: Purification, characterization and ion binding properties of human brain S100b protein.

PubMed ID: 6487634

DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(84)90220-6

PubMed ID: 9925766

Title: Demonstration of heterodimer formation between S100B and S100A6 in the yeast two-hybrid system and human melanoma.

PubMed ID: 9925766

DOI: 10.1006/excr.1998.4314

PubMed ID: 20943659

Title: The 1.5 A crystal structure of human receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) ectodomains reveals unique features determining ligand binding.

PubMed ID: 20943659

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.169276

PubMed ID: 20351179

Title: The calcium-dependent interaction between S100B and the mitochondrial AAA ATPase ATAD3A and the role of this complex in the cytoplasmic processing of ATAD3A.

PubMed ID: 20351179

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01468-09

PubMed ID: 22399290

Title: S100 proteins modulate protein phosphatase 5 function: a link between CA2+ signal transduction and protein dephosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 22399290

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.329771

PubMed ID: 33831707

Title: Regulation of the tubulin polymerization-promoting protein by Ca2+/S100 proteins.

PubMed ID: 33831707

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102404

PubMed ID: 9519411

Title: A novel calcium-sensitive switch revealed by the structure of human S100B in the calcium-bound form.

PubMed ID: 9519411

DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(98)00022-7

PubMed ID: 12480931

Title: A novel S100 target conformation is revealed by the solution structure of the Ca2+-S100B-TRTK-12 complex.

PubMed ID: 12480931

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m210622200

PubMed ID: 20950652

Title: The crystal structures of human S100B in the zinc- and calcium-loaded state at three pH values reveal zinc ligand swapping.

PubMed ID: 20950652

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.10.006

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 92
  • Mass: 10713
  • Checksum: 43815AC212A3AD6B
  • Sequence:
    • MSELEKAMVA LIDVFHQYSG REGDKHKLKK SELKELINNE LSHFLEEIKE QEVVDKVMET 
LDNDGDGECD FQEFMAFVAM VTTACHEFFE HE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.