Details for: GLDC

Gene ID: 2731

Symbol: GLDC

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000178445

Description: glycine decarboxylase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 20.4139
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4900
  • Cell Name: sebaceous gland cell (CL2000021)
    Fold Change: 6.8325
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.0886
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0800
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 2.9605
    Cell Significance Index: 587.5200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 2.0284
    Cell Significance Index: 54.1600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 1.8140
    Cell Significance Index: 58.1000
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 1.2794
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 1.1981
    Cell Significance Index: 174.1600
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.9596
    Cell Significance Index: 53.8500
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.9107
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3400
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.9035
    Cell Significance Index: 63.9000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.7112
    Cell Significance Index: 1311.6600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.6104
    Cell Significance Index: 939.6600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.5552
    Cell Significance Index: 111.3700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.3485
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7400
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.3368
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.3079
    Cell Significance Index: 418.6600
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.2296
    Cell Significance Index: 14.1100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2164
    Cell Significance Index: 149.6600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2162
    Cell Significance Index: 41.1400
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.1820
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.1243
    Cell Significance Index: 234.0800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0928
    Cell Significance Index: 50.7000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0914
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4700
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.0880
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4800
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.0872
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0583
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0567
    Cell Significance Index: 25.0900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0266
    Cell Significance Index: 9.5400
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0226
    Cell Significance Index: 20.4300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0125
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0112
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2000
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.0210
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.0256
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0306
    Cell Significance Index: -23.1900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -27.3600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: -0.0377
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0411
    Cell Significance Index: -25.6500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0447
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0490
    Cell Significance Index: -27.6200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.0538
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0655
    Cell Significance Index: -18.8400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0691
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0826
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2900
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0903
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0965
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1149
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3900
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.1149
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1202
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1209
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.1210
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.1217
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1379
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.1427
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8700
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1490
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6200
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030067)
    Fold Change: -0.1509
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1663
    Cell Significance Index: -28.3900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1677
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1806
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1833
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0900
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1880
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1945
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2201
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.2268
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2527
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2594
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2598
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.2775
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.2787
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2875
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2887
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4200
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.3360
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: -0.3370
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.3447
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.3461
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3663
    Cell Significance Index: -19.2300
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: -0.3665
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: glioblast (CL0000030)
    Fold Change: -0.3726
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.3738
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4700
  • Cell Name: myeloid dendritic cell (CL0000782)
    Fold Change: -0.4042
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.4303
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2300
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.4382
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.4402
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.4528
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.4739
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5300
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.4754
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.4930
    Cell Significance Index: -31.0700
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.4947
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.5037
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.5147
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.5192
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: -0.5548
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0000
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.5563
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.5730
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.5771
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.5804
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1700
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.5922
    Cell Significance Index: -24.2600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** The GLDC gene encodes for the glycine cleavage system P protein (GCSP_HUMAN), a homodimeric enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of glycine to form sarcosine. This reaction is a critical step in the catabolic pathway of glycine, which is involved in various cellular processes, including energy metabolism, antioxidant defense, and cell signaling. The GLDC gene is characterized by its expression in multiple tissues, including the anterior lens cell, lens epithelial cell, syncytiotrophoblast cell, and hepatoblast, among others. **Pathways and Functions:** The GLDC gene is involved in several cellular pathways, including: 1. **Electron Transport Chain (ETC):** The GLDC enzyme is part of the ETC, which is responsible for generating energy for the cell through the transfer of electrons. 2. **Glycine Catabolic Process:** The GLDC enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of glycine, which is a critical step in the catabolic pathway of glycine. 3. **Glycine Degradation:** The GLDC enzyme is involved in the degradation of glycine, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. 4. **Mitochondrial Matrix:** The GLDC enzyme is localized in the mitochondrial matrix, where it plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and antioxidant defense. **Functions:** The GLDC gene has several functions, including: 1. **Energy Metabolism:** The GLDC enzyme is involved in energy metabolism, as it generates energy for the cell through the transfer of electrons. 2. **Antioxidant Defense:** The GLDC enzyme plays a role in antioxidant defense, as it helps to maintain the redox balance in the cell. 3. **Cell Signaling:** The GLDC enzyme is involved in cell signaling pathways, as it regulates the activity of various signaling molecules. 4. **Tissue Development:** The GLDC enzyme is essential for tissue development, as it regulates the expression of genes involved in development. **Clinical Significance:** The GLDC gene has significant implications in human health and disease. Mutations in the GLDC gene have been associated with: 1. **Leucine Encephalopathy:** Mutations in the GLDC gene have been linked to leucine encephalopathy, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by seizures, muscle weakness, and cognitive impairment. 2. **Eye Disorders:** The GLDC enzyme is localized in the lens, where it plays a crucial role in maintaining lens transparency. Mutations in the GLDC gene have been associated with eye disorders, including cataracts and glaucoma. 3. **Cancer:** The GLDC enzyme is involved in cell signaling pathways, which are critical for cancer development and progression. In conclusion, the GLDC gene is a crucial enzyme involved in the catabolism of glycine, and its dysregulation has significant implications in human health and disease. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of the GLDC gene in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 2809795149

Symbol: GCSP_HUMAN

Name: Glycine cleavage system P protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1996985

Title: Structural and expression analyses of normal and mutant mRNA encoding glycine decarboxylase: three-base deletion in mRNA causes nonketotic hyperglycinemia.

PubMed ID: 1996985

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(91)91545-n

PubMed ID: 1993704

Title: The glycine cleavage system. Molecular cloning of the chicken and human glycine decarboxylase cDNAs and some characteristics involved in the deduced protein structures.

PubMed ID: 1993704

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)49991-7

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18088087

Title: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets.

PubMed ID: 18088087

DOI: 10.1021/pr0704130

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 28244183

Title: Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia: functional assessment of missense variants in GLDC to understand phenotypes of the disease.

PubMed ID: 28244183

DOI: 10.1002/humu.23208

PubMed ID: 1634607

Title: Identification of a common mutation in Finnish patients with nonketotic hyperglycinemia.

PubMed ID: 1634607

DOI: 10.1172/jci115831

PubMed ID: 11286506

Title: Recurrent mutations in P- and T-proteins of the glycine cleavage complex and a novel T-protein mutation (N145I): a strategy for the molecular investigation of patients with nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH).

PubMed ID: 11286506

DOI: 10.1006/mgme.2001.3158

PubMed ID: 11592811

Title: Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (glycine encephalopathy): laboratory diagnosis.

PubMed ID: 11592811

DOI: 10.1006/mgme.2001.3224

PubMed ID: 28737873

Title: Two novel mutations in the glycine decarboxylase gene in a boy with classic nonketotic hyperglycinemia: case report.

PubMed ID: 28737873

DOI: 10.5546/aap.2017.eng.e225

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1020
  • Mass: 112730
  • Checksum: 8FAEA7D56BEB17B2
  • Sequence:
  • MQSCARAWGL RLGRGVGGGR RLAGGSGPCW APRSRDSSSG GGDSAAAGAS RLLERLLPRH 
    DDFARRHIGP GDKDQREMLQ TLGLASIDEL IEKTVPANIR LKRPLKMEDP VCENEILATL 
    HAISSKNQIW RSYIGMGYYN CSVPQTILRN LLENSGWITQ YTPYQPEVSQ GRLESLLNYQ 
    TMVCDITGLD MANASLLDEG TAAAEALQLC YRHNKRRKFL VDPRCHPQTI AVVQTRAKYT 
    GVLTELKLPC EMDFSGKDVS GVLFQYPDTE GKVEDFTELV ERAHQSGSLA CCATDLLALC 
    ILRPPGEFGV DIALGSSQRF GVPLGYGGPH AAFFAVRESL VRMMPGRMVG VTRDATGKEV 
    YRLALQTREQ HIRRDKATSN ICTAQALLAN MAAMFAIYHG SHGLEHIARR VHNATLILSE 
    GLKRAGHQLQ HDLFFDTLKI QCGCSVKEVL GRAAQRQINF RLFEDGTLGI SLDETVNEKD 
    LDDLLWIFGC ESSAELVAES MGEECRGIPG SVFKRTSPFL THQVFNSYHS ETNIVRYMKK 
    LENKDISLVH SMIPLGSCTM KLNSSSELAP ITWKEFANIH PFVPLDQAQG YQQLFRELEK 
    DLCELTGYDQ VCFQPNSGAQ GEYAGLATIR AYLNQKGEGH RTVCLIPKSA HGTNPASAHM 
    AGMKIQPVEV DKYGNIDAVH LKAMVDKHKE NLAAIMITYP STNGVFEENI SDVCDLIHQH 
    GGQVYLDGAN MNAQVGICRP GDFGSDVSHL NLHKTFCIPH GGGGPGMGPI GVKKHLAPFL 
    PNHPVISLKR NEDACPVGTV SAAPWGSSSI LPISWAYIKM MGGKGLKQAT ETAILNANYM 
    AKRLETHYRI LFRGARGYVG HEFILDTRPF KKSANIEAVD VAKRLQDYGF HAPTMSWPVA 
    GTLMVEPTES EDKAELDRFC DAMISIRQEI ADIEEGRIDP RVNPLKMSPH SLTCVTSSHW 
    DRPYSREVAA FPLPFVKPEN KFWPTIARID DIYGDQHLVC TCPPMEVYES PFSEQKRASS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.