Details for: IAPP

Gene ID: 3375

Symbol: IAPP

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121351

Description: islet amyloid polypeptide

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 2205
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Marker Score: 1178
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 1509
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 2908
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Marker Score: 862
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Marker Score: 492
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 4827
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 1172
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71840
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48065
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 514
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 467
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30410
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2413
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 379
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5355
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 330
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2743
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 406
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5294
  • Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 187
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 806
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1268
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 712
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 402
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 467
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 207
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 472
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 342
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 176
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 339
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 257
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.49
    Marker Score: 936
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.47
    Marker Score: 281
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 443
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 189
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.42
    Marker Score: 853
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 0.37
    Marker Score: 149
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.34
    Marker Score: 202
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 289
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 4029
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 73
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 418
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 1316
  • Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 262
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 43
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 49
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 97
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 69
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 86
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 61
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 151
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 49
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 57
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 288
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 92
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 149
  • Cell Name: glial cell (CL0000125)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 79
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 61.5
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 75
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 39
  • Cell Name: pancreatic epsilon cell (CL0005019)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 14
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 40
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 41
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 52
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 57
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000003)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 184
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 57
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 19
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 84.5
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 18
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 114
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 112
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 14
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: common lymphoid progenitor (CL0000051)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 70
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 11
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 547
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000624)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 90
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 10
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 10
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: ionocyte (CL0005006)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 10
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 41
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 75
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 16
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 9
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 9

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - IAPP is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 140 kDa. - It is expressed in high levels in the beta cells of the pancreas, particularly in insulinoma and exocrine cells. - IAPP is a ligand for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including GPCRs of the class b/2 subfamily. - It is also a ligand for the hormone calcitonin. **Pathways and functions:** - IAPP binds to amyloid-beta plaques, which are a hallmark protein of Alzheimer's disease. - Binding to amyloid-beta causes the aggregation of beta-amyloid protein into amyloid fibers, which are a major pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease. - IAPP also plays a role in apoptosis (programmed cell death) and in the regulation of beta-cell development. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the IAPP gene have been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes. - IAPP is a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, as it can inhibit the aggregation of amyloid-beta and protect beta cells from apoptosis. - Drugs that target IAPP have been shown to be effective in slowing the progression of type 2 diabetes in animal models.

Genular Protein ID: 2524831350

Symbol: IAPP_HUMAN

Name: Islet amyloid polypeptide

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P10997 Q0ZD87 Q14598

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 16 EMDB 9 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 26 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 39 PDBsum 34 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2651160

Title: The complete islet amyloid polypeptide precursor is encoded by two exons.

PubMed ID: 2651160

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81260-8

PubMed ID: 2608057

Title: Human islet amyloid polypeptide gene: complete nucleotide sequence, chromosomal localization, and evolutionary history.

PubMed ID: 2608057

DOI: 10.1210/mend-3-11-1775

PubMed ID: 3053705

Title: An islet amyloid peptide is derived from an 89-amino acid precursor by proteolytic processing.

PubMed ID: 3053705

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)77825-9

PubMed ID: 2365085

Title: The human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) gene. Organization, chromosomal localization and functional identification of a promoter region.

PubMed ID: 2365085

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80314-9

PubMed ID: 2223885

Title: Islet amyloid polypeptide: structure and upstream sequences of the IAPP gene in rat and man.

PubMed ID: 2223885

DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(90)90210-s

PubMed ID: 1282806

Title: Characterization of the human islet amyloid polypeptide/amylin gene transcripts: identification of a new polyadenylation site.

PubMed ID: 1282806

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(92)90255-j

PubMed ID: 17374526

Title: Cloning and expression of human islet amyloid polypeptide in cultured cells.

PubMed ID: 17374526

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.03.016

PubMed ID: 3181427

Title: Islet amyloid polypeptide: identification and chromosomal localization of the human gene.

PubMed ID: 3181427

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80922-0

PubMed ID: 3317417

Title: Purification and characterization of a peptide from amyloid-rich pancreases of type 2 diabetic patients.

PubMed ID: 3317417

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.23.8628

PubMed ID: 2666169

Title: Sequence divergence in a specific region of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) explains differences in islet amyloid formation between species.

PubMed ID: 2666169

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81467-x

PubMed ID: 2091067

Title: Isolation and identification of islet amyloid polypeptide in normal human pancreas.

PubMed ID: 2091067

DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(90)90004-g

PubMed ID: 3535798

Title: A novel peptide in the calcitonin gene related peptide family as an amyloid fibril protein in the endocrine pancreas.

PubMed ID: 3535798

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(86)90708-4

PubMed ID: 3035556

Title: Amyloid fibrils in human insulinoma and islets of Langerhans of the diabetic cat are derived from a neuropeptide-like protein also present in normal islet cells.

PubMed ID: 3035556

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.11.3881

PubMed ID: 2690069

Title: Molecular and functional characterization of amylin, a peptide associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PubMed ID: 2690069

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.24.9662

PubMed ID: 2039456

Title: Solution structures of calcitonin-gene-related-peptide analogues of calcitonin-gene-related peptide and amylin.

PubMed ID: 2039456

DOI: 10.1042/bj2750785

PubMed ID: 12717720

Title: Conformational preferences of the amylin nucleation site in SDS micelles: an NMR study.

PubMed ID: 12717720

DOI: 10.1002/bip.10305

PubMed ID: 17051221

Title: Structures of human insulin-degrading enzyme reveal a new substrate recognition mechanism.

PubMed ID: 17051221

DOI: 10.1038/nature05143

PubMed ID: 19244249

Title: Dynamic alpha-helix structure of micelle-bound human amylin.

PubMed ID: 19244249

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m809085200

PubMed ID: 19475663

Title: Atomic structures of IAPP (amylin) fusions suggest a mechanism for fibrillation and the role of insulin in the process.

PubMed ID: 19475663

DOI: 10.1002/pro.145

PubMed ID: 8772735

Title: Missense mutation of amylin gene (S20G) in Japanese NIDDM patients.

PubMed ID: 8772735

DOI: 10.2337/diab.45.9.1279

PubMed ID: 9794116

Title: Role of S20G mutation of amylin gene in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and type II diabetes mellitus in Taiwanese patients.

PubMed ID: 9794116

DOI: 10.1007/s001250051060

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 89
  • Mass: 9806
  • Checksum: AA8B1F7FD9FCB4BD
  • Sequence:
    • MGILKLQVFL IVLSVALNHL KATPIESHQV EKRKCNTATC ATQRLANFLV HSSNNFGAIL 
SSTNVGSNTY GKRNAVEVLK REPLNYLPL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.