Details for: KEL

Gene ID: 3792

Symbol: KEL

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197993

Description: Kell metallo-endopeptidase (Kell blood group)

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 14.7057
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7300
  • Cell Name: basophilic erythroblast (CL0000549)
    Fold Change: 12.5163
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 9.6491
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: 5.7090
    Cell Significance Index: 59.0600
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 4.1268
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 0.6326
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.5167
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.5066
    Cell Significance Index: 350.3900
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: 0.3973
    Cell Significance Index: 14.5900
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 0.3294
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6200
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.3210
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6000
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: 0.2681
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0400
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: 0.2669
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of sweat gland (CL1000448)
    Fold Change: 0.2461
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.1138
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.1030
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0651
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0414
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0377
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4900
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8300
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0042
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0058
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1900
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0087
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0127
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0175
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0194
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0198
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0203
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0215
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0219
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0245
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3600
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1800
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0356
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0395
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0423
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0429
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0440
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0440
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0453
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.0484
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: -0.0508
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0615
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: -0.0623
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.0632
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0648
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0650
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0659
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4600
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.0709
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0711
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4900
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.0831
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0843
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7600
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.0866
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0873
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0874
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0877
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0996
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5000
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.0997
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0999
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7000
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -0.1000
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.1027
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.1072
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0900
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.1141
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4400
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.1164
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1166
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5200
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1173
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9300
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.1179
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1189
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0500
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.1194
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: -0.1214
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.1218
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.1228
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.1232
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1263
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1295
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.1318
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.1326
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1338
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1377
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** The Kell blood group gene is characterized by its involvement in several cellular pathways, including: 1. **Metalloendopeptidase activity**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein exhibits metalloendopeptidase activity, which involves the cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins. 2. **Ion homeostasis**: The enzyme is involved in regulating intracellular calcium and magnesium ion homeostasis, which is essential for various cellular processes. 3. **Cell signaling**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein is a GPCR ligand-binding receptor, which allows it to interact with signaling molecules and regulate cellular responses. 4. **Cell size and diameter regulation**: The enzyme is involved in regulating cell size and diameter, which is critical for cell growth, differentiation, and survival. **Pathways and Functions** The Kell blood group gene is involved in the following pathways: 1. **Intracellular calcium ion homeostasis**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein regulates intracellular calcium ion levels by modulating calcium channels and pumps. 2. **Intracellular magnesium ion homeostasis**: The enzyme is involved in regulating intracellular magnesium ion levels, which is essential for various cellular processes. 3. **Regulation of axon diameter**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein regulates axon diameter, which is critical for neuronal development and function. 4. **Regulation of cell size**: The enzyme is involved in regulating cell size, which is essential for cell growth, differentiation, and survival. 5. **Vasoconstriction**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein is involved in regulating vasoconstriction, which is critical for blood pressure regulation. **Clinical Significance** The Kell blood group gene has significant clinical implications, particularly in the context of: 1. **Blood transfusion**: The Kell blood group gene is responsible for the Kell blood group antigen, which is recognized by the immune system. Transfusion of blood with incompatible Kell blood group antigens can lead to hemolytic transfusion reactions. 2. **Neurological disorders**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein is involved in regulating axon diameter and neuronal development. Abnormalities in this gene have been implicated in various neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. 3. **Cancer**: The Kell blood group glycoprotein is involved in regulating cell size and diameter, which is critical for cancer cell growth and metastasis. Abnormalities in this gene have been implicated in various types of cancer, including breast cancer and lung cancer. In conclusion, the Kell blood group gene is a complex gene involved in various cellular processes, including ion homeostasis, cell signaling, and protein processing. Its clinical significance is evident in the context of blood transfusion, neurological disorders, and cancer. Further research is necessary to fully understand the functions and implications of this gene.

Genular Protein ID: 1473781933

Symbol: KELL_HUMAN

Name: Kell blood group glycoprotein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P23276 B2RBV4 Q96RS8 Q99885

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 4 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 27 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 18 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 2 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1712490

Title: Molecular cloning and primary structure of Kell blood group protein.

PubMed ID: 1712490

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.88.14.6353

PubMed ID: 7858266

Title: Organization of the gene encoding the human Kell blood group protein.

PubMed ID: 7858266

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7570911

Title: Molecular basis of the K:6,-7 [Js(a+b-)] phenotype in the Kell blood group system.

PubMed ID: 7570911

DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1995.351096026362.x

PubMed ID: 9593744

Title: Association of XK and Kell blood group proteins.

PubMed ID: 9593744

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.22.13950

PubMed ID: 10438732

Title: Proteolytic processing of big endothelin-3 by the kell blood group protein.

PubMed ID: 10438732

PubMed ID: 10891471

Title: Expression of Kell blood group protein in nonerythroid tissues.

PubMed ID: 10891471

PubMed ID: 11336649

Title: Transcriptional regulation of the KEL gene and Kell protein expression in erythroid and non-erythroid cells.

PubMed ID: 11336649

DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3560171

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 7849312

Title: Molecular basis of the Kell (K1) phenotype.

PubMed ID: 7849312

PubMed ID: 8669078

Title: Point mutations characterize KEL10, the KEL3, KEL4, and KEL21 alleles, and the KEL17 and KEL11 alleles.

PubMed ID: 8669078

DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1996.36696269505.x

PubMed ID: 9354821

Title: The KEL24 and KEL14 alleles of the Kell blood group system.

PubMed ID: 9354821

DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.371098016441.x

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 732
  • Mass: 82824
  • Checksum: 604A168AD300EDB4
  • Sequence:
    • MEGGDQSEEE PRERSQAGGM GTLWSQESTP EERLPVEGSR PWAVARRVLT AILILGLLLC 
FSVLLFYNFQ NCGPRPCETS VCLDLRDHYL ASGNTSVAPC TDFFSFACGR AKETNNSFQE 
LATKNKNRLR RILEVQNSWH PGSGEEKAFQ FYNSCMDTLA IEAAGTGPLR QVIEELGGWR 
ISGKWTSLNF NRTLRLLMSQ YGHFPFFRAY LGPHPASPHT PVIQIDQPEF DVPLKQDQEQ 
KIYAQIFREY LTYLNQLGTL LGGDPSKVQE HSSLSISITS RLFQFLRPLE QRRAQGKLFQ 
MVTIDQLKEM APAIDWLSCL QATFTPMSLS PSQSLVVHDV EYLKNMSQLV EEMLLKQRDF 
LQSHMILGLV VTLSPALDSQ FQEARRKLSQ KLRELTEQPP MPARPRWMKC VEETGTFFEP 
TLAALFVREA FGPSTRSAAM KLFTAIRDAL ITRLRNLPWM NEETQNMAQD KVAQLQVEMG 
ASEWALKPEL ARQEYNDIQL GSSFLQSVLS CVRSLRARIV QSFLQPHPQH RWKVSPWDVN 
AYYSVSDHVV VFPAGLLQPP FFHPGYPRAV NFGAAGSIMA HELLHIFYQL LLPGGCLACD 
NHALQEAHLC LKRHYAAFPL PSRTSFNDSL TFLENAADVG GLAIALQAYS KRLLRHHGET 
VLPSLDLSPQ QIFFRSYAQV MCRKPSPQDS HDTHSPPHLR VHGPLSSTPA FARYFRCARG 
ALLNPSSRCQ LW

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.