Details for: CPA4

Gene ID: 51200

Symbol: CPA4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128510

Description: carboxypeptidase A4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 2.6034
    Cell Significance Index: 91.4800
  • Cell Name: sebaceous gland cell (CL2000021)
    Fold Change: 2.2260
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8800
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 1.1169
    Cell Significance Index: 68.4800
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.0738
    Cell Significance Index: 14.6500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.9721
    Cell Significance Index: 24.3000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.7659
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.7563
    Cell Significance Index: 5.0200
  • Cell Name: epidermal cell (CL0000362)
    Fold Change: 0.6121
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.4720
    Cell Significance Index: 21.4000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.3023
    Cell Significance Index: 51.6200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2538
    Cell Significance Index: 48.3000
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.2514
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.2352
    Cell Significance Index: 23.2700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2338
    Cell Significance Index: 16.5400
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2062
    Cell Significance Index: 186.2300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.1139
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.0882
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3500
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0815
    Cell Significance Index: 36.0500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0811
    Cell Significance Index: 50.6200
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 0.0708
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0247
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1900
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: 0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6500
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0015
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0025
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3700
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0071
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0116
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0122
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0144
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0156
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0187
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0272
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0285
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.0312
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0320
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6400
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.0548
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0561
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0582
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0609
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5400
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0632
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0665
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0702
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0717
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0753
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0792
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0795
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0921
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0965
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0989
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0999
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1060
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8400
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1111
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1142
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1216
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1357
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1530
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1533
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.1557
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.1557
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3500
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: -0.1567
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1604
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1626
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6400
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1667
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1677
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3400
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1809
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1932
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0800
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.1967
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.1978
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2600
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.2037
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2100
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.2053
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.2069
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2121
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5500
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.2166
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6400
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2167
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.2170
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0100
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -0.2225
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lacrimal sac (CL1000436)
    Fold Change: -0.2251
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: -0.2252
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0400
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2314
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.2363
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** CPA4 exhibits several key characteristics that define its function: 1. **Metallocarboxypeptidase activity:** As a carboxypeptidase, CPA4 catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptides at the carboxy-terminal end, releasing the C-terminal amino acid. 2. **Zinc ion binding:** The enzyme requires zinc ions as cofactors to facilitate its enzymatic activity. 3. **Peptide catabolic process:** CPA4 is involved in the degradation of peptides, which is essential for regulating various physiological processes. 4. **Hormone catabolic process:** The enzyme may also be involved in the breakdown of hormones, which can have significant implications for hormone regulation and signaling pathways. **Pathways and Functions:** CPA4 is implicated in several cellular pathways, including: 1. **Proteolysis:** CPA4 plays a critical role in the degradation of peptides and proteins, which is essential for maintaining protein homeostasis and regulating cellular processes. 2. **Hormone regulation:** The enzyme may be involved in the breakdown of hormones, which can have significant implications for hormone regulation and signaling pathways. 3. **Immune responses:** CPA4 may be involved in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in the context of inflammation and immune cell function. 4. **Cellular signaling:** The enzyme may also be involved in cellular signaling pathways, particularly those involved in cell growth, differentiation, and survival. **Clinical Significance:** The clinical significance of CPA4 is still emerging, but its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD):** CPA4 has been shown to be overexpressed in IBD patients, suggesting a potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. 2. **Cancer:** The enzyme may be involved in the degradation of tumor suppressor proteins, contributing to cancer development and progression. 3. **Neurological disorders:** CPA4 may be involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters and neuroinflammation, which can have implications for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Infectious diseases:** The enzyme may be involved in the degradation of bacterial toxins, which can have implications for the development of antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, CPA4 is a multifaceted enzyme with a wide range of functions in human physiology. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, and further research is needed to fully elucidate its role in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 1488176949

Symbol: CBPA4_HUMAN

Name: Carboxypeptidase A4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9UI42 B7Z576 Q86UY9

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 16 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 5 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10383164

Title: Carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3): a novel gene highly induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors during differentiation of prostate epithelial cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 10383164

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12552318

Title: The novel imprinted carboxypeptidase A4 gene (CPA4) in the 7q32 imprinting domain.

PubMed ID: 12552318

DOI: 10.1007/s00439-002-0891-3

PubMed ID: 20385563

Title: Characterization of the substrate specificity of human carboxypeptidase A4 and implications for a role in extracellular peptide processing.

PubMed ID: 20385563

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.060350

PubMed ID: 16091843

Title: Detailed molecular comparison between the inhibition mode of A/B-type carboxypeptidases in the zymogen state and by the endogenous inhibitor latexin.

PubMed ID: 16091843

DOI: 10.1007/s00018-005-5174-4

PubMed ID: 15738388

Title: Structure of human carboxypeptidase A4 with its endogenous protein inhibitor, latexin.

PubMed ID: 15738388

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0500678102

PubMed ID: 17506531

Title: Caught after the Act: a human A-type metallocarboxypeptidase in a product complex with a cleaved hexapeptide.

PubMed ID: 17506531

DOI: 10.1021/bi700480b

PubMed ID: 22294694

Title: Crystal structure of novel metallocarboxypeptidase inhibitor from marine mollusk Nerita versicolor in complex with human carboxypeptidase A4.

PubMed ID: 22294694

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.330100

PubMed ID: 23746805

Title: A noncanonical mechanism of carboxypeptidase inhibition revealed by the crystal structure of the Tri-Kunitz SmCI in complex with human CPA4.

PubMed ID: 23746805

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.04.021

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 421
  • Mass: 47351
  • Checksum: 52750CC50B470EC9
  • Sequence:
    • MRWILFIGAL IGSSICGQEK FFGDQVLRIN VRNGDEISKL SQLVNSNNLK LNFWKSPSSF 
NRPVDVLVPS VSLQAFKSFL RSQGLEYAVT IEDLQALLDN EDDEMQHNEG QERSSNNFNY 
GAYHSLEAIY HEMDNIAADF PDLARRVKIG HSFENRPMYV LKFSTGKGVR RPAVWLNAGI 
HSREWISQAT AIWTARKIVS DYQRDPAITS ILEKMDIFLL PVANPDGYVY TQTQNRLWRK 
TRSRNPGSSC IGADPNRNWN ASFAGKGASD NPCSEVYHGP HANSEVEVKS VVDFIQKHGN 
FKGFIDLHSY SQLLMYPYGY SVKKAPDAEE LDKVARLAAK ALASVSGTEY QVGPTCTTVY 
PASGSSIDWA YDNGIKFAFT FELRDTGTYG FLLPANQIIP TAEETWLGLK TIMEHVRDNL 
Y

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.