Details for: PLA2G2A

Gene ID: 5320

Symbol: PLA2G2A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000188257

Description: phospholipase A2 group IIA

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 27.2718
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 10.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -26.8500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 5.1022
    Cell Significance Index: 34.5700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of the aortic adventitia (CL0002547)
    Fold Change: 3.3627
    Cell Significance Index: 33.9400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 2.2563
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9300
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 2.1955
    Cell Significance Index: 22.7200
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.5337
    Cell Significance Index: 25.8400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 1.4188
    Cell Significance Index: 230.7600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.2530
    Cell Significance Index: 75.2300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.1629
    Cell Significance Index: 1049.9900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.9327
    Cell Significance Index: 185.1000
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.9087
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7400
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.8049
    Cell Significance Index: 12.7700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.7634
    Cell Significance Index: 52.7900
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.6522
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0900
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 0.4830
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.4701
    Cell Significance Index: 46.5000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.4571
    Cell Significance Index: 62.7700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.4376
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.2412
    Cell Significance Index: 26.2400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2227
    Cell Significance Index: 42.3900
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.2073
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.1090
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.1037
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3200
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0507
    Cell Significance Index: 38.4100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0500
    Cell Significance Index: 6.1500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0127
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0185
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0320
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0338
    Cell Significance Index: -18.4400
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.0342
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0405
    Cell Significance Index: -25.7000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0444
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0531
    Cell Significance Index: -24.0800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0648
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0809
    Cell Significance Index: -23.2900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0877
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0910
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2500
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0930
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0942
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1014
    Cell Significance Index: -17.3200
  • Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1186
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1291
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1310
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.1335
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1355
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1483
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0900
  • Cell Name: choroid plexus epithelial cell (CL0000706)
    Fold Change: -0.1496
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1572
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.2016
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.2021
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6500
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.2135
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2415
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2463
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2762
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.2970
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.3053
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3261
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3292
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3500
  • Cell Name: collagen secreting cell (CL0000667)
    Fold Change: -0.3503
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3610
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7600
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: -0.3615
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: -0.3740
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.3779
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.3794
    Cell Significance Index: -21.2900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.3851
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.4024
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.4179
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6400
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.4347
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5500
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4443
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of endometrium (CL0002255)
    Fold Change: -0.4542
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: -0.4746
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.4748
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.4792
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.4936
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1800
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: -0.5194
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.5397
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.5567
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2300
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: -0.5956
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.5973
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9100
  • Cell Name: differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor (CL4023059)
    Fold Change: -0.6060
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.6091
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4000
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: -0.6302
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.6393
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.6430
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.6459
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.6518
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.6531
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.6664
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1400
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.6910
    Cell Significance Index: -18.4900
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.7213
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0200
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.7257
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0400
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.7952
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Phospholipase A2 activity:** PLA2G2A is a member of the phospholipase A2 family, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids to produce lysophospholipids and free fatty acids. 2. **Cellular localization:** The PLA2G2A protein is primarily localized to the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum, where it regulates phospholipid metabolism and signaling pathways. 3. **Signaling pathways:** PLA2G2A is involved in several signaling pathways, including calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity, antimicrobial peptides, and inflammatory response. 4. **Expression in immune cells:** PLA2G2A is significantly expressed in immune cells, including macrophages and neutrophils, where it regulates inflammatory response and immune cell activation. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Acyl chain remodeling:** PLA2G2A regulates the remodeling of acyl chains in phospholipids, which is essential for maintaining cellular membrane structure and function. 2. **Inflammatory response:** PLA2G2A is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response, including the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of immune cells. 3. **Immune system:** PLA2G2A plays a critical role in the regulation of immune cell function, including the activation and differentiation of immune cells. 4. **Lipid metabolism:** PLA2G2A is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, including the production of lysophospholipids and free fatty acids. 5. **Cell signaling:** PLA2G2A regulates cell signaling pathways, including the calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity and the Erk1/2 cascade. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Metabolic disorders:** Dysregulation of PLA2G2A has been linked to various metabolic disorders, including obesity and insulin resistance. 2. **Inflammatory conditions:** PLA2G2A is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response, and its dysregulation has been linked to various inflammatory conditions, including atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 3. **Cancer:** PLA2G2A has been implicated in the regulation of cancer cell growth and metastasis. 4. **Neurological disorders:** PLA2G2A has been linked to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. In conclusion, the PLA2G2A gene plays a critical role in regulating phospholipid metabolism, immune response, and cell signaling pathways. Its dysregulation has been linked to various diseases, including metabolic disorders, inflammatory conditions, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which PLA2G2A regulates cellular processes and to explore its therapeutic potential.

Genular Protein ID: 826883720

Symbol: PA2GA_HUMAN

Name: Phospholipase A2, membrane associated

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2925608

Title: Cloning and recombinant expression of phospholipase A2 present in rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid.

PubMed ID: 2925608

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83549-9

PubMed ID: 2925633

Title: Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2.

PubMed ID: 2925633

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83616-x

PubMed ID: 2239446

Title: Structure and properties of a secretable phospholipase A2 from human platelets.

PubMed ID: 2239446

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5805-3_3

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2775276

Title: The primary structure of a membrane-associated phospholipase A2 from human spleen.

PubMed ID: 2775276

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)92096-2

PubMed ID: 3240982

Title: Amino acid composition and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of human phospholipase A2 purified from rheumatoid synovial fluid.

PubMed ID: 3240982

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122467

PubMed ID: 3202859

Title: Phospholipase A2 from human synovial fluid: purification and structural homology to the placental enzyme.

PubMed ID: 3202859

DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80275-4

PubMed ID: 8399335

Title: Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from human ileal mucosa.

PubMed ID: 8399335

PubMed ID: 10455175

Title: Cloning and characterization of novel mouse and human secretory phospholipase A2s.

PubMed ID: 10455175

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.35.24973

PubMed ID: 10358193

Title: Protection by group II phospholipase A2 against Staphylococcus aureus.

PubMed ID: 10358193

PubMed ID: 10681567

Title: Structures, enzymatic properties, and expression of novel human and mouse secretory phospholipase A(2)s.

PubMed ID: 10681567

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.8.5785

PubMed ID: 11694541

Title: Bactericidal properties of human and murine groups I, II, V, X, and XII secreted phospholipases A(2).

PubMed ID: 11694541

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109699200

PubMed ID: 14998370

Title: Biosynthesis of anandamide and N-palmitoylethanolamine by sequential actions of phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase D.

PubMed ID: 14998370

DOI: 10.1042/bj20040031

PubMed ID: 18635536

Title: Pro-inflammatory secretory phospholipase A2 type IIA binds to integrins alphavbeta3 and alpha4beta1 and induces proliferation of monocytic cells in an integrin-dependent manner.

PubMed ID: 18635536

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m804835200

PubMed ID: 23164706

Title: Identification of inhibitors against interaction between pro-inflammatory sPLA2-IIA protein and integrin alphavbeta3.

PubMed ID: 23164706

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.080

PubMed ID: 25082876

Title: Platelets release mitochondria serving as substrate for bactericidal group IIA-secreted phospholipase A2 to promote inflammation.

PubMed ID: 25082876

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-05-573543

PubMed ID: 25398877

Title: Proinflammatory secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA (sPLA-IIA) induces integrin activation through direct binding to a newly identified binding site (site 2) in integrins alphavbeta3, alpha4beta1, and alpha5beta1.

PubMed ID: 25398877

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.579946

PubMed ID: 2062381

Title: Structure of recombinant human rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid phospholipase A2 at 2.2-A resolution.

PubMed ID: 2062381

DOI: 10.1038/352079a0

PubMed ID: 1948070

Title: Structures of free and inhibited human secretory phospholipase A2 from inflammatory exudate.

PubMed ID: 1948070

DOI: 10.1126/science.1948070

PubMed ID: 7664108

Title: Structure-based design of the first potent and selective inhibitor of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2.

PubMed ID: 7664108

DOI: 10.1038/nsb0695-458

PubMed ID: 9538252

Title: Crystal structure of human secretory phospholipase A2-IIA complex with the potent indolizine inhibitor 120-1032.

PubMed ID: 9538252

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021982

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 144
  • Mass: 16083
  • Checksum: 923C5FA0C6979CDA
  • Sequence:
  • MKTLLLLAVI MIFGLLQAHG NLVNFHRMIK LTTGKEAALS YGFYGCHCGV GGRGSPKDAT 
    DRCCVTHDCC YKRLEKRGCG TKFLSYKFSN SGSRITCAKQ DSCRSQLCEC DKAAATCFAR 
    NKTTYNKKYQ YYSNKHCRGS TPRC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.