Details for: SLC1A6

Gene ID: 6511

Symbol: SLC1A6

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105143

Description: solute carrier family 1 member 6

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 72.0691
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 43.4074
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0100
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 27.6180
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2200
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 8.9129
    Cell Significance Index: 195.1600
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 1.2839
    Cell Significance Index: 31.1000
  • Cell Name: granular cell of epidermis (CL0002189)
    Fold Change: 0.8122
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.4901
    Cell Significance Index: 25.7300
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 0.4812
    Cell Significance Index: 6.7500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.2719
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1967
    Cell Significance Index: 39.4700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.1730
    Cell Significance Index: 6.5500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.1668
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1477
    Cell Significance Index: 65.3200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.1156
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1140
    Cell Significance Index: 78.8500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1121
    Cell Significance Index: 40.2000
  • Cell Name: respiratory epithelial cell (CL0002368)
    Fold Change: 0.0601
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.0420
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0386
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.0280
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 0.0148
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1000
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8300
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.0045
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0058
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8400
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0243
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0307
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0469
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0595
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0642
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0642
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8200
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.0786
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0836
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0896
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0200
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0922
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1024
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9300
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.1057
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1070
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1400
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.1141
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1234
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.1258
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1262
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8900
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1343
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1354
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6000
  • Cell Name: suprabasal keratinocyte (CL4033013)
    Fold Change: -0.1393
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1451
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6200
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1478
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1575
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0900
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: -0.1722
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.1794
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.1818
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.1836
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.1846
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.1892
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1500
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1961
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1977
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1200
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1992
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2085
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8600
  • Cell Name: tendon cell (CL0000388)
    Fold Change: -0.2140
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9100
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: -0.2166
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2400
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2170
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2900
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.2186
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5500
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.2246
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7700
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.2286
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0500
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: -0.2313
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0300
  • Cell Name: airway submucosal gland duct basal cell (CL4033024)
    Fold Change: -0.2326
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2330
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9500
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030067)
    Fold Change: -0.2406
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.2460
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1500
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.2478
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.2484
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7600
  • Cell Name: multi-ciliated epithelial cell (CL0005012)
    Fold Change: -0.2513
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7200
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2557
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5300
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.2589
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7100
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2678
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2753
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2400
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.2894
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0400
  • Cell Name: muscle fibroblast (CL1001609)
    Fold Change: -0.2971
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: -0.3053
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.3081
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.3121
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.3146
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5500
  • Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
    Fold Change: -0.3329
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.3350
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6400
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.3385
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.3415
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6700
  • Cell Name: peridermal cell (CL0000078)
    Fold Change: -0.3511
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1900
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.3577
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Substrate Specificity:** EAAT4 is specifically designed to transport glutamate, with a high affinity for the L- and D-enantiomers of glutamate. 2. **Membrane Localization:** EAAT4 is primarily localized to the plasma membrane of neurons, where it is inserted into the presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic density. 3. **Functional Characteristics:** EAAT4 exhibits a high capacity for glutamate transport, with a Km value of approximately 0.5 mM. It is also capable of transporting other neutral amino acids, such as aspartate and cysteine. 4. **Regulatory Mechanisms:** EAAT4 is subject to various regulatory mechanisms, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and interaction with other proteins, which modulate its activity and localization. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Glutamate Homeostasis:** EAAT4 plays a crucial role in regulating glutamate levels in the synaptic cleft, thereby maintaining a delicate balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. 2. **Neurotransmitter Release Cycle:** EAAT4 is involved in the termination of the excitatory signal by removing excess glutamate from the synaptic cleft, allowing for the replenishment of glutamate stores. 3. **Neurotransmitter Uptake:** EAAT4 is responsible for the uptake of glutamate from the synaptic cleft, where it is either reabsorbed into the presynaptic terminal or taken up by adjacent neurons. 4. **Regulation of Membrane Potential:** EAAT4 can modulate membrane potential by influencing the activity of adjacent neurons, thereby regulating the excitability of neural networks. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Epilepsy:** Dysregulation of EAAT4 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, with alterations in EAAT4 expression and function contributing to the development of seizure disorders. 2. **Alzheimer's Disease:** EAAT4 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of amyloid-β levels in the brain, with alterations in EAAT4 expression and function contributing to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. 3. **Parkinson's Disease:** EAAT4 has been implicated in the regulation of dopamine levels in the brain, with alterations in EAAT4 expression and function contributing to the development of Parkinson's disease. 4. **Neurodegenerative Disorders:** EAAT4 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of other neurotransmitters, such as GABA and glutamate, which are implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In conclusion, SLC1A6, or EAAT4, is a crucial regulator of glutamate homeostasis in the nervous system, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various neurological disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which EAAT4 regulates glutamate levels and neurotransmission, and to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting EAAT4 in the treatment of neurological disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 2275933340

Symbol: EAA4_HUMAN

Name: Excitatory amino acid transporter 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P48664 Q8N753

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 22 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 5 EMDB 4 Ensembl 4 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 23 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 6 Rhea 3 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7791878

Title: An excitatory amino-acid transporter with properties of a ligand-gated chloride channel.

PubMed ID: 7791878

DOI: 10.1038/375599a0

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 26690923

Title: Caveolin-1 Sensitivity of Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters EAAT1, EAAT2, EAAT3, and EAAT4.

PubMed ID: 26690923

DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9863-0

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 564
  • Mass: 61565
  • Checksum: BB6700D6EAEC2B20
  • Sequence:
    • MSSHGNSLFL RESGQRLGRV GWLQRLQESL QQRALRTRLR LQTMTLEHVL RFLRRNAFIL 
LTVSAVVIGV SLAFALRPYQ LTYRQIKYFS FPGELLMRML QMLVLPLIVS SLVTGMASLD 
NKATGRMGMR AAVYYMVTTI IAVFIGILMV TIIHPGKGSK EGLHREGRIE TIPTADAFMD 
LIRNMFPPNL VEACFKQFKT QYSTRVVTRT MVRTENGSEP GASMPPPFSV ENGTSFLENV 
TRALGTLQEM LSFEETVPVP GSANGINALG LVVFSVAFGL VIGGMKHKGR VLRDFFDSLN 
EAIMRLVGII IWYAPVGILF LIAGKILEME DMAVLGGQLG MYTLTVIVGL FLHAGIVLPL 
IYFLVTHRNP FPFIGGMLQA LITAMGTSSS SATLPITFRC LEEGLGVDRR ITRFVLPVGA 
TVNMDGTALY EALAAIFIAQ VNNYELNLGQ ITTISITATA ASVGAAGIPQ AGLVTMVIVL 
TSVGLPTEDI TLIIAVDWFL DRLRTMTNVL GDSIGAAVIE HLSQRELELQ EAELTLPSLG 
KPYKSLMAQE KGASRGRGGN ESAM

Genular Protein ID: 3557039841

Symbol: B7Z7Q5_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

B7Z7Q5

Database IDs:

ARBA 7 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 4 Gene3D 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PROSITE 1 Pfam 1 RefSeq 1 RuleBase 1 SAM 1 SUPFAM 1

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 500
  • Mass: 53139
  • Checksum: 1BF2CA19A3DE200C
  • Sequence:
    • MSIDHEQPWQ QPVPSGERPA AGPGGLAAAA AGKPAAESTA HAPAPADHDP RARAALPAPK 
RLHSADGQRR GHWGQPGLCP APISAHLPPD QVLLFSWRAS DEDAADAGVT SHCLQPGHRN 
MFPPNLVEAC FKQFKTQYST RVVTRTMVRT ENGSEPGASM PPPFSVENGT SFLENVTRAL 
GTLQEMLSFE ETVPVPGSAN GINALGLVVF SVAFGLVIGG MKHKGRVLRD FFDSLNEAIM 
RLVGIIIWYA PVGILFLIAG KILEMEDMAV LGGQLGMYTL TVIVGLFLHA GIVLPLIYFL 
VTHRNPFPFI GGMLQALITA MGTSSSSATL PITFRCLEEG LGVDRRITRF VLPVGATVNM 
DGTALYEALA AIFIAQVNNY ELNLGQITTI SITATAASVG AAGIPQAGLV TMVIVLTSVG 
LPTEDITLII AVDWFLDRLR TMTNVLGDSI GAAVIEHLSQ RELELQEAEL TLPSLGKPYK 
SLMAQEKGAS RGRGGDESAM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.