Details for: SLC18A2

Gene ID: 6571

Symbol: SLC18A2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165646

Description: solute carrier family 18 member A2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 42.3028
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 22.5908
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7300
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 15.5320
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3100
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 5.3449
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5900
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 2.1259
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 2.0768
    Cell Significance Index: 127.3300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.7793
    Cell Significance Index: 35.3300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.5934
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.5753
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.5516
    Cell Significance Index: 104.9800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.4276
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3200
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.4184
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1400
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.4045
    Cell Significance Index: 40.0200
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.4019
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.3432
    Cell Significance Index: 309.8400
  • Cell Name: ganglion interneuron (CL0000397)
    Fold Change: 0.3371
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: 0.3225
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4800
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.3211
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.2915
    Cell Significance Index: 16.3600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.2002
    Cell Significance Index: 32.5600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1862
    Cell Significance Index: 25.5700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.1843
    Cell Significance Index: 36.5800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.1390
    Cell Significance Index: 15.1200
  • Cell Name: midget ganglion cell of retina (CL4023188)
    Fold Change: 0.1382
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0996
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5000
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0872
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7900
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: 0.0787
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6500
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.0744
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7700
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: 0.0643
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8100
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.0558
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.0545
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7700
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0534
    Cell Significance Index: 36.9400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6300
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.0438
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6600
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0392
    Cell Significance Index: 14.0800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 0.0280
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0230
    Cell Significance Index: 12.5700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1600
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.0000
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0074
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0095
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0122
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0125
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0143
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0145
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0600
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0164
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0250
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0306
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0336
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.0344
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0444
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0448
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0546
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6900
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0589
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0598
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0607
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0626
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0695
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0734
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0766
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0830
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0869
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: sympathetic neuron (CL0011103)
    Fold Change: -0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0938
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8300
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: -0.0949
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1004
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1057
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7800
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1078
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.1118
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1193
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7000
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1239
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6900
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1247
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.1312
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1444
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.1465
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1496
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0300
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte progenitor cell (CL0000553)
    Fold Change: -0.1516
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1530
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0100
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1588
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.1590
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of endometrium (CL0002255)
    Fold Change: -0.1631
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1632
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2500
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1696
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Expression Pattern:** SLC18A2 is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including neural progenitor cells, basophils, and enterocytes, demonstrating its diverse roles in the body. 2. **Protein Structure:** The VMAT2 protein is a transmembrane transporter with a high affinity for aminergic neurotransmitters, allowing for efficient loading into synaptic vesicles. 3. **Function:** The primary function of SLC18A2 is to regulate the release of aminergic neurotransmitters, which are involved in various physiological processes, including locomotion, mood regulation, and cognitive function. 4. **Regulation:** SLC18A2 is subject to various regulatory mechanisms, including post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and transcriptional control, which fine-tune its activity in response to different physiological and pathological signals. **Pathways and Functions:** SLC18A2 is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Aminergic Neurotransmitter Loading into Synaptic Vesicle:** SLC18A2 plays a critical role in loading aminergic neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, into synaptic vesicles, which is essential for neurotransmitter release and synaptic transmission. 2. **Neurotransmitter Release Cycle:** SLC18A2 is also involved in the release cycle of aminergic neurotransmitters, regulating the amount of neurotransmitter available for release into the synaptic cleft. 3. **Chemical Synaptic Transmission:** SLC18A2 is essential for chemical synaptic transmission, which is the primary mechanism of neurotransmission in the nervous system. 4. **Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species:** SLC18A2 has been shown to regulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. **Clinical Significance:** SLC18A2 has significant clinical implications, including: 1. **Neurological Disorders:** Mutations in SLC18A2 have been associated with various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 2. **Addiction:** SLC18A2 has been implicated in the development and maintenance of addiction, particularly in the context of substance abuse and dependence. 3. **Mood Regulation:** SLC18A2 plays a critical role in regulating mood and emotional responses, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorder. 4. **Cancer:** SLC18A2 has been shown to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including breast and lung cancer, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In conclusion, SLC18A2 is a complex gene that plays a critical role in regulating aminergic neurotransmitter release and synaptic transmission. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of these conditions.

Genular Protein ID: 687984952

Symbol: VMAT2_HUMAN

Name: Synaptic vesicular amine transporter

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q05940 B2RC96 D3DRC4 Q15876 Q4G147 Q5VW49 Q9H3P6

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 26 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 13 EMDB 18 Ensembl 1 GO 32 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 18 PDBsum 18 PIR 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 1 Rhea 6 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8095030

Title: A human synaptic vesicle monoamine transporter cDNA predicts posttranslational modifications, reveals chromosome 10 gene localization and identifies TaqI RFLPs.

PubMed ID: 8095030

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80539-7

PubMed ID: 8245983

Title: Functional identification and molecular cloning of a human brain vesicle monoamine transporter.

PubMed ID: 8245983

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb07476.x

PubMed ID: 7905859

Title: Chromosomal localization of the human vesicular amine transporter genes.

PubMed ID: 7905859

DOI: 10.1016/s0888-7543(05)80383-0

PubMed ID: 8373557

Title: Extensive sequence divergence between the human and rat brain vesicular monoamine transporter: possible molecular basis for species differences in the susceptibility to MPP+.

PubMed ID: 8373557

DOI: 10.1007/bf01244941

PubMed ID: 11443533

Title: Exon/intron boundaries, novel polymorphisms, and association analysis with schizophrenia of the human synaptic vesicle monoamine transporter (SVMT) gene.

PubMed ID: 11443533

DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000895

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8860238

Title: Reserpine- and tetrabenazine-sensitive transport of (3)H-histamine by the neuronal isoform of the vesicular monoamine transporter.

PubMed ID: 8860238

DOI: 10.1007/bf02736786

PubMed ID: 8643547

Title: Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter.

PubMed ID: 8643547

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.10.5166

PubMed ID: 12009896

Title: Identification of human vesicle monoamine transporter (VMAT2) lumenal cysteines that form an intramolecular disulfide bond.

PubMed ID: 12009896

DOI: 10.1021/bi015779j

PubMed ID: 18088087

Title: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets.

PubMed ID: 18088087

DOI: 10.1021/pr0704130

PubMed ID: 23363473

Title: Brain dopamine-serotonin vesicular transport disease and its treatment.

PubMed ID: 23363473

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1207281

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 514
  • Mass: 55713
  • Checksum: 42EA91A225485DB2
  • Sequence:
    • MALSELALVR WLQESRRSRK LILFIVFLAL LLDNMLLTVV VPIIPSYLYS IKHEKNATEI 
QTARPVHTAS ISDSFQSIFS YYDNSTMVTG NATRDLTLHQ TATQHMVTNA SAVPSDCPSE 
DKDLLNENVQ VGLLFASKAT VQLITNPFIG LLTNRIGYPI PIFAGFCIMF VSTIMFAFSS 
SYAFLLIARS LQGIGSSCSS VAGMGMLASV YTDDEERGNV MGIALGGLAM GVLVGPPFGS 
VLYEFVGKTA PFLVLAALVL LDGAIQLFVL QPSRVQPESQ KGTPLTTLLK DPYILIAAGS 
ICFANMGIAM LEPALPIWMM ETMCSRKWQL GVAFLPASIS YLIGTNIFGI LAHKMGRWLC 
ALLGMIIVGV SILCIPFAKN IYGLIAPNFG VGFAIGMVDS SMMPIMGYLV DLRHVSVYGS 
VYAIADVAFC MGYAIGPSAG GAIAKAIGFP WLMTIIGIID ILFAPLCFFL RSPPAKEEKM 
AILMDHNCPI KTKMYTQNNI QSYPIGEDEE SESD

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.