Details for: DKK2

Gene ID: 27123

Symbol: DKK2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000155011

Description: dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: reticular cell (CL0000432)
    Fold Change: 1.8851
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.8054
    Cell Significance Index: 37.7900
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.2727
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6900
  • Cell Name: endocardial cell (CL0002350)
    Fold Change: 1.0857
    Cell Significance Index: 6.4100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4645
    Cell Significance Index: 92.1900
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.3519
    Cell Significance Index: 11.1300
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.3378
    Cell Significance Index: 14.9400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.3343
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.3283
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.3163
    Cell Significance Index: 218.7400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.2693
    Cell Significance Index: 54.0300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.2494
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.1895
    Cell Significance Index: 12.7400
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: 0.1844
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4600
  • Cell Name: inflammatory cell (CL0009002)
    Fold Change: 0.1570
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.1388
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9600
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.1378
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9500
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.1355
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2500
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.1250
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1044
    Cell Significance Index: 37.4600
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.0864
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0668
    Cell Significance Index: 90.7700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: 11.1700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0039
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2600
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8200
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0128
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0132
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6500
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0143
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0160
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0238
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0316
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7000
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0358
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0453
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0469
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0485
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0491
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0400
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0553
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0588
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0700
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0741
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0781
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0794
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0875
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0952
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1031
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8800
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1035
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1041
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1278
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5300
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1389
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1420
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -0.1450
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1494
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5000
  • Cell Name: muscle fibroblast (CL1001609)
    Fold Change: -0.1502
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1504
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0700
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1513
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1529
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9300
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1918
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: -0.1935
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.2095
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.2214
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: chondroblast (CL0000058)
    Fold Change: -0.2232
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.2299
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.2318
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8200
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.2437
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.2510
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7200
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030067)
    Fold Change: -0.2559
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3400
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.2606
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2646
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2677
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2705
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.2740
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5200
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.2746
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.2977
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4600
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.3015
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5200
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.3053
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3188
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3900
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.3219
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8000
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.3284
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4800
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.3293
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.3320
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.3326
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8800
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.3349
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.3373
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8700
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.3566
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1600
  • Cell Name: L6 corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023042)
    Fold Change: -0.3589
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.3609
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0000
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: -0.3688
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6100
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.3690
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0200
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.3741
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3800
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.3780
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4400
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.3795
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.3804
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8000
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.3805
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** DKK2 is a protein belonging to the Dickkopf family of proteins, which are known to inhibit Wnt signaling by binding to the Wnt/β-catenin complex, preventing its interaction with the transcription factor TCF/LEF. DKK2 is specifically expressed in various cell types, including retinal bipolar neurons, pulmonary artery endothelial cells, and immature innate lymphoid cells. Its expression is also notable in lymphoid lineage-restricted progenitor cells, suggesting a role in immune cell development. **Pathways and Functions:** DKK2's primary function is to inhibit the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, which is mediated by the interaction between Wnt ligands and their receptors, Frizzled and LRP5/6. This inhibition prevents the activation of β-catenin, a key component of the canonical Wnt pathway, thereby suppressing the transcription of target genes. In addition, DKK2 has been shown to positively regulate the activity of Wnt ligands, suggesting a complex role in modulating Wnt signaling. Furthermore, DKK2 has been implicated in the regulation of TCF-dependent signaling, which is involved in the development and function of immune cells. **Clinical Significance:** Recent studies have highlighted the significance of DKK2 in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and immune-related disorders. For instance, DKK2 has been shown to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer, where it may contribute to tumorigenesis. In autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, DKK2 has been implicated in the regulation of immune cell function and the development of disease. Furthermore, DKK2 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of innate immunity, particularly in the context of innate lymphoid cells. Understanding the role of DKK2 in these diseases may provide new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these conditions. In conclusion, DKK2 is a critical regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, with significant implications for immune regulation and disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which DKK2 modulates Wnt signaling and its role in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 835695967

Symbol: DKK2_HUMAN

Name: Dickkopf-related protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9UBU2 A0AVE9 B2R6S7 Q9UIU3

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 2 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 10 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10570958

Title: Functional and structural diversity of the human Dickkopf gene family.

PubMed ID: 10570958

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00365-0

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17143291

Title: Function and biological roles of the Dickkopf family of Wnt modulators.

PubMed ID: 17143291

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210054

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 259
  • Mass: 28447
  • Checksum: 39DDA3FA8975E87F
  • Sequence:
    • MAALMRSKDS SCCLLLLAAV LMVESSQIGS SRAKLNSIKS SLGGETPGQA ANRSAGMYQG 
LAFGGSKKGK NLGQAYPCSS DKECEVGRYC HSPHQGSSAC MVCRRKKKRC HRDGMCCPST 
RCNNGICIPV TESILTPHIP ALDGTRHRDR NHGHYSNHDL GWQNLGRPHT KMSHIKGHEG 
DPCLRSSDCI EGFCCARHFW TKICKPVLHQ GEVCTKQRKK GSHGLEIFQR CDCAKGLSCK 
VWKDATYSSK ARLHVCQKI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.