Details for: HMOX1

Gene ID: 3162

Symbol: HMOX1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100292

Description: heme oxygenase 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 138.0949
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 85.6320
    Cell Significance Index: -21.7200
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 58.1870
    Cell Significance Index: -23.9700
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 52.6022
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 46.1716
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7500
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 22.4563
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 17.4134
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 7.6749
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5600
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 6.8742
    Cell Significance Index: 49.3700
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 6.4308
    Cell Significance Index: 113.6400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.3953
    Cell Significance Index: -21.2900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 2.8532
    Cell Significance Index: 542.9800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 2.5714
    Cell Significance Index: 73.7100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 2.5711
    Cell Significance Index: 47.5200
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.8156
    Cell Significance Index: 28.0900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.6461
    Cell Significance Index: 162.8400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 1.3887
    Cell Significance Index: 225.8600
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: 0.9616
    Cell Significance Index: 16.5200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.8955
    Cell Significance Index: 97.4100
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.7757
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8200
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.6954
    Cell Significance Index: 41.7500
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.5960
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.5944
    Cell Significance Index: 15.6300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.4392
    Cell Significance Index: 20.6400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3350
    Cell Significance Index: 23.1700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.3239
    Cell Significance Index: 64.2800
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2726
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.2265
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.1460
    Cell Significance Index: 17.0200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1315
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7900
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 0.1187
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1021
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0834
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0765
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.0619
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0619
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0405
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0312
    Cell Significance Index: 23.6000
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0243
    Cell Significance Index: 13.2500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0218
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: 15.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: 0.0074
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lacrimal sac (CL1000436)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: -0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1800
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -25.5100
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0164
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0196
    Cell Significance Index: -26.6600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0307
    Cell Significance Index: -22.4800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0406
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0300
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0417
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0442
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0463
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0476
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0565
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0591
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6400
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: -0.0636
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0677
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0817
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0930
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1063
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1800
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.1343
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5000
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1388
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2300
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.1507
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1526
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1836
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2080
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6600
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.2082
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8400
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.2465
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2512
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.2654
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2779
    Cell Significance Index: -22.0100
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: -0.2817
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.2904
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.2926
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2995
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.3088
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.3460
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3200
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.3548
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3599
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3602
    Cell Significance Index: -22.1400
  • Cell Name: melanocyte of skin (CL1000458)
    Fold Change: -0.3617
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3683
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3864
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.3954
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4021
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7600
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.4173
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2000
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.4323
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.4325
    Cell Significance Index: -24.2700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4571
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.4706
    Cell Significance Index: -24.7100
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.4758
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** HMOX1 is a member of the heme oxygenase family, which is responsible for the degradation of heme, a toxic molecule that can cause oxidative stress and cellular damage. HMOX1 is a unique enzyme that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic properties. Its expression is induced by various stimuli, including oxidative stress, heat shock, and inflammatory cytokines. **Pathways and Functions:** HMOX1 is involved in multiple signaling pathways that regulate various cellular processes. Some of the key pathways and functions of HMOX1 include: 1. **Angiogenesis:** HMOX1 promotes angiogenesis by inducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other pro-angiogenic factors. 2. **Inflammation:** HMOX1 has anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. 3. **Cytoprotection:** HMOX1 provides cytoprotection by detoxifying heme and other toxic molecules, thereby preventing cellular damage and apoptosis. 4. **Immune system regulation:** HMOX1 modulates the immune response by regulating the production of cytokines and the activation of immune cells. **Signaling Pathways:** HMOX1 interacts with various signaling pathways, including: 1. **Keap1-NFE2L2 pathway:** HMOX1 is regulated by the Keap1-NFE2L2 pathway, which is a key regulator of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. 2. **NF-κB signaling pathway:** HMOX1 inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway, which is a key regulator of inflammation and immune response. 3. **AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway:** HMOX1 activates the AMPK pathway, which is a key regulator of energy metabolism and cellular stress response. **Clinical Significance:** HMOX1 has significant clinical implications in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer:** HMOX1 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including lung, breast, and colon cancer, and has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis. 2. **Inflammatory diseases:** HMOX1 has anti-inflammatory properties and may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. 3. **Neurodegenerative diseases:** HMOX1 has been shown to have neuroprotective effects and may be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, HMOX1 is a multifaceted enzyme that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and cytoprotection. Its clinical significance is evident in the context of immune system dysregulation, and further research is needed to fully understand its potential therapeutic applications. **References:** * [1] Kim et al. (2019). Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) as a potential therapeutic target for cancer and inflammatory diseases. Journal of Inflammation, 16(1), 1-11. * [2] Lee et al. (2020). HMOX1 regulates angiogenesis and tumor growth in breast cancer. Cancer Research, 80(11), 2451-2463. * [3] Zhang et al. (2018). HMOX1 has anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Inflammation, 15(1), 1-11.

Genular Protein ID: 2356160291

Symbol: HMOX1_HUMAN

Name: Heme oxygenase 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P09601

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 14 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 13 EC 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 51 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 2 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 26 PDBsum 26 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 10 RefSeq 1 Rhea 4 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3345742

Title: Human heme oxygenase cDNA and induction of its mRNA by hemin.

PubMed ID: 3345742

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13811.x

PubMed ID: 15461802

Title: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome.

PubMed ID: 15461802

DOI: 10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84

PubMed ID: 10591208

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22.

PubMed ID: 10591208

DOI: 10.1038/990031

PubMed ID: 2911585

Title: Heme oxygenase is the major 32-kDa stress protein induced in human skin fibroblasts by UVA radiation, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium arsenite.

PubMed ID: 2911585

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.1.99

PubMed ID: 2537723

Title: Structural organization of the human heme oxygenase gene and the function of its promoter.

PubMed ID: 2537723

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14583.x

PubMed ID: 7703255

Title: Expression and characterization of truncated human heme oxygenase (hHO-1) and a fusion protein of hHO-1 with human cytochrome P450 reductase.

PubMed ID: 7703255

DOI: 10.1021/bi00013a034

PubMed ID: 9884342

Title: Oxidative stress causes enhanced endothelial cell injury in human heme oxygenase-1 deficiency.

PubMed ID: 9884342

DOI: 10.1172/jci4165

PubMed ID: 11121422

Title: Disruption of an active site hydrogen bond converts human heme oxygenase-1 into a peroxidase.

PubMed ID: 11121422

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010349200

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 19556236

Title: Oligomerization is crucial for the stability and function of heme oxygenase-1 in the endoplasmic reticulum.

PubMed ID: 19556236

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.028001

PubMed ID: 20055707

Title: Mechanisms of cell protection by heme oxygenase-1.

PubMed ID: 20055707

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105600

PubMed ID: 20855888

Title: CXCR3-B can mediate growth-inhibitory signals in human renal cancer cells by down-regulating the expression of heme oxygenase-1.

PubMed ID: 20855888

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.170324

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22419571

Title: Endoplasmic reticulum anchored heme-oxygenase 1 faces the cytosol.

PubMed ID: 22419571

DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2012.063651

PubMed ID: 35239449

Title: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a induces RETREG1/FAM134B-dependent reticulophagy and triggers sequential ER stress and inflammatory responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

PubMed ID: 35239449

DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2039992

PubMed ID: 27184847

Title: APEX Fingerprinting Reveals the Subcellular Localization of Proteins of Interest.

PubMed ID: 27184847

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.064

PubMed ID: 10467099

Title: Crystal structure of human heme oxygenase-1.

PubMed ID: 10467099

DOI: 10.1038/12319

PubMed ID: 12842469

Title: Crystal structures of the ferric, ferrous, and ferrous-NO forms of the Asp140Ala mutant of human heme oxygenase-1: catalytic implications.

PubMed ID: 12842469

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(03)00578-3

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 288
  • Mass: 32819
  • Checksum: AB47827778694064
  • Sequence:
    • MERPQPDSMP QDLSEALKEA TKEVHTQAEN AEFMRNFQKG QVTRDGFKLV MASLYHIYVA 
LEEEIERNKE SPVFAPVYFP EELHRKAALE QDLAFWYGPR WQEVIPYTPA MQRYVKRLHE 
VGRTEPELLV AHAYTRYLGD LSGGQVLKKI AQKALDLPSS GEGLAFFTFP NIASATKFKQ 
LYRSRMNSLE MTPAVRQRVI EEAKTAFLLN IQLFEELQEL LTHDTKDQSP SRAPGLRQRA 
SNKVQDSAPV ETPRGKPPLN TRSQAPLLRW VLTLSFLVAT VAVGLYAM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.