Details for: GATB

Gene ID: 5188

Symbol: GATB

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000059691

Description: glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit B

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 39.2271
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5200
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 37.6868
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5300
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 36.3317
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7600
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 15.4806
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7800
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 6.4468
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.3762
    Cell Significance Index: 261.9000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.0295
    Cell Significance Index: 206.5200
  • Cell Name: ventricular cardiac muscle cell (CL2000046)
    Fold Change: 0.9285
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1100
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.8530
    Cell Significance Index: 84.3800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.6993
    Cell Significance Index: 41.9800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.5977
    Cell Significance Index: 65.0100
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.5834
    Cell Significance Index: 526.7900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.5706
    Cell Significance Index: 32.0200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.5352
    Cell Significance Index: 106.2100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4690
    Cell Significance Index: 76.2800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.4318
    Cell Significance Index: 22.4300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.4304
    Cell Significance Index: 33.0300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.3884
    Cell Significance Index: 139.3200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.3799
    Cell Significance Index: 23.9500
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.3676
    Cell Significance Index: 254.2200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.3506
    Cell Significance Index: 40.8600
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.3116
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.3053
    Cell Significance Index: 13.8400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.2941
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0100
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.2914
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4500
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.2749
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2710
    Cell Significance Index: 18.7400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2709
    Cell Significance Index: 7.8100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.2619
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.2508
    Cell Significance Index: 45.2100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1772
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8400
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.1550
    Cell Significance Index: 10.9600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.1342
    Cell Significance Index: 73.2800
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.1118
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0933
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0900
    Cell Significance Index: 39.8100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.0799
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0656
    Cell Significance Index: 9.0100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.0648
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0598
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.0570
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0509
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0491
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.0256
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0189
    Cell Significance Index: 35.6200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.0126
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0115
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0040
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.0044
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0082
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0143
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0158
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0194
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3500
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0302
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0317
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0479
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7700
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0511
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0532
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0538
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1800
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0560
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0649
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4400
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0672
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0729
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0869
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3000
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: -0.0905
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.1083
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1113
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0300
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.1344
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1349
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1370
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2100
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1403
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1412
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1427
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.1527
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1633
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9300
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1673
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.1700
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2500
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1806
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1864
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7600
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.2001
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2041
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2196
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4400
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2240
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1400
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.2263
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9600
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.2415
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2724
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.2831
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.2986
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.3058
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3071
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7600
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.3199
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** GATB is a subunit of the glutaminyl-tRNA amidotransferase complex, which consists of two subunits: GATB and GATC. The GATB subunit is responsible for the catalytic activity of the complex, while the GATC subunit provides structural support. GATB is a mitochondrial protein, and its expression is tightly regulated by various cellular mechanisms. The enzyme has a high affinity for glutamine and tRNA, and its activity is essential for the proper functioning of the Glu-T complex. **Pathways and Functions:** The glutaminyl-tRNA amidotransferase complex, in which GATB is a crucial component, plays a central role in the biosynthesis of glutamine via transamidation. This process involves the transfer of an amino group from glutamine to tRNA, which is then incorporated into proteins. GATB is involved in the following pathways: 1. **Glutaminyl-trnagln biosynthesis via transamidation**: GATB catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from glutamine to tRNA, thereby facilitating the incorporation of glutamine into proteins. 2. **Glutamyl-trna synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity**: GATB is involved in the hydrolysis of glutamine, which is a critical step in the biosynthesis of glutamine via transamidation. 3. **Mitochondrial translation**: GATB is a mitochondrial protein, and its expression is essential for the proper functioning of mitochondrial translation. 4. **Protein binding**: GATB can bind to various proteins, including tRNA and glutamine, thereby regulating the activity of the Glu-T complex. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of GATB has been implicated in several neurological and cardiovascular disorders, including: 1. **Neurological disorders**: GATB has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, due to its role in the regulation of glutamine metabolism. 2. **Cardiovascular disorders**: GATB has been implicated in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and cardiac arrhythmias, due to its role in regulating glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial function. 3. **Cancer**: GATB has been linked to cancer, particularly in the context of glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial function. In conclusion, GATB is a crucial component of the glutaminyl-tRNA amidotransferase complex, which plays a central role in the biosynthesis of glutamine via transamidation. Its dysregulation has been implicated in several neurological and cardiovascular disorders, highlighting the importance of GATB in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical significance of GATB and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 951747066

Symbol: GATB_HUMAN

Name: Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor PET112 homolog

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O75879 Q4W5M8 Q53GP4 Q9P0S6 Q9Y2B8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 9 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DIP 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 9 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HAMAP 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 8 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 3 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9878253

Title: Identification and characterization of human cDNAs specific to BCS1, PET112, SCO1, COX15, and COX11, five genes involved in the formation and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

PubMed ID: 9878253

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5580

PubMed ID: 11042152

Title: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

PubMed ID: 11042152

DOI: 10.1101/gr.140200

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19805282

Title: Biogenesis of glutaminyl-mt tRNAGln in human mitochondria.

PubMed ID: 19805282

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0907602106

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 30283131

Title: Pathogenic variants in glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase subunits cause a lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy disorder.

PubMed ID: 30283131

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06250-w

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 557
  • Mass: 61864
  • Checksum: 449EB3EA2FD4769D
  • Sequence:
    • MAAPMLRWGC RGRRWAFARV DGGSCHRRGA PTGSTSNQIR GESSVAQQPL HTAQKTRKGE 
HKWAAVVGLE IHAQISSNSK LFSGSQVRFS APPNSLVSFF DASLPGTLPV LNRRCVEAAV 
MTGLALNCHI NKKSLFDRKH YFYADLPAGY QITQQRLPIA VNGSLIYGVC AGKKQSQVIP 
KTVRIKQIQL EQDSGKSLHD NLRSQTLIDL NRAGVGLLEV VLEPDMSCGE EAATAVRELQ 
LILQALGTSQ ANMAEGQLRV DANISVHHPG EPLGVRTEVK NLNSIRFLAK AIDYEIQRQI 
NELENGGEIL NETRSFHHKL GCTMSMRDKE GKQDYRFMPE PNLPPLVLYD ATSLPAGADP 
QQVINIDQIR ETLPELPSVT REKLVQQYGM LLEHSFTLLN EVGLLEFFQN VIKETRAEPK 
KVTSWVLNTF LGYLKQQNLA VSESPVTPSA LAELLDLLDS RTISSSAAKQ VFEELWKREG 
KTPGQIVSEK QLELMQDQGA LEQLCHSVME AHPQVVMDVK NRNPRAINKL IGLVRKATQS 
RADPVMIKEI LEKKLSL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.