Details for: RNASEL

Gene ID: 6041

Symbol: RNASEL

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135828

Description: ribonuclease L

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 57.1538
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8900
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 33.9059
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 18.9781
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 8.1724
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8000
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 7.4050
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 2.8557
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 2.3390
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2300
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 1.7820
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9000
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.6469
    Cell Significance Index: 22.4700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.2672
    Cell Significance Index: 241.1600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6668
    Cell Significance Index: 65.9700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.6606
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7000
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.6253
    Cell Significance Index: 37.5400
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.5754
    Cell Significance Index: 519.5000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.4903
    Cell Significance Index: 53.3400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 0.4898
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0300
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 0.4631
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.3658
    Cell Significance Index: 19.0000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3643
    Cell Significance Index: 59.2500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.3084
    Cell Significance Index: 55.6000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2737
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9300
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2700
    Cell Significance Index: 18.6800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.2545
    Cell Significance Index: 31.2900
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.2339
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.2166
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2146
    Cell Significance Index: 29.4700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1378
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9700
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1251
    Cell Significance Index: 86.5600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1217
    Cell Significance Index: 24.4100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1060
    Cell Significance Index: 38.0100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0959
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.0897
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0681
    Cell Significance Index: 37.1700
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0623
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0528
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0433
    Cell Significance Index: 19.1300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.0422
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9800
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0197
    Cell Significance Index: 37.0900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: 11.0300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0005
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0025
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0069
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0078
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0148
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0154
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0245
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8600
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0292
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0296
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.0304
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0307
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0322
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0366
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0430
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0452
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0461
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0525
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0631
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0632
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0663
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6900
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0681
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0726
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0798
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0859
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0939
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.0948
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0956
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5800
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0962
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0983
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0991
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5600
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1046
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.1140
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1165
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1100
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1192
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.1228
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.1275
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1289
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1312
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1356
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1200
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.1486
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1703
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1777
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1787
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.1802
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3800
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1808
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3100
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.1811
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1812
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6500
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1853
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** RNASEL is a large, multi-domain enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 250 kDa. It belongs to the ribonuclease L family and is characterized by its ability to degrade RNA in a 2',5'-oligoadenylate-dependent manner. This enzyme is induced by interferons (IFNs), particularly IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, which trigger the expression of ISGs, including RNASEL. RNASEL is also known to interact with other proteins, such as the RNA-binding protein, IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), and the protein kinase, protein kinase R (PKR). **Pathways and Functions** RNASEL is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Antiviral mechanism by IFN-stimulated genes**: RNASEL is induced by IFNs and plays a crucial role in the antiviral response by degrading viral RNA, thereby inhibiting viral replication. 2. **Interferon alpha/beta signaling**: RNASEL is a key component of the IFN-alpha/beta signaling pathway, which regulates the expression of ISGs, including RNASEL. 3. **Cytokine signaling in immune system**: RNASEL is also involved in the regulation of cytokine signaling, which is essential for the coordination of immune responses. 4. **Negative regulation of viral genome replication**: RNASEL can degrade viral RNA, thereby inhibiting viral replication and preventing the spread of infection. **Clinical Significance** RNASEL has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Viral infections**: RNASEL plays a crucial role in the defense against viral infections, and its dysregulation has been associated with viral diseases, such as HIV and hepatitis C. 2. **Cancer**: RNASEL has been shown to have tumor-suppressive properties, and its expression is often downregulated in cancer cells. 3. **Neurological disorders**: RNASEL has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, RNASEL is a critical enzyme involved in the innate immune response against viral infections. Its dysregulation has been associated with various diseases, and its expression is highly restricted to specific cell types, suggesting a specialized function in the context of immune responses. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of RNASEL and its role in human diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 4291001681

Symbol: RN5A_HUMAN

Name: 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7680958

Title: Expression cloning of 2-5A-dependent RNAase: a uniquely regulated mediator of interferon action.

PubMed ID: 7680958

DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90403-d

PubMed ID: 11063255

Title: Analysis and origins of the human and mouse RNase L genes: mediators of interferon action.

PubMed ID: 11063255

DOI: 10.1007/s003350010194

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7514601

Title: Intrinsic molecular activities of the interferon-induced 2-5A-dependent RNase.

PubMed ID: 7514601

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)36767-4

PubMed ID: 7539425

Title: Cloning and characterization of a RNase L inhibitor. A new component of the interferon-regulated 2-5A pathway.

PubMed ID: 7539425

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.22.13308

PubMed ID: 11585831

Title: The 2-5A/RNase L/RNase L inhibitor (RNI) pathway regulates mitochondrial mRNAs stability in interferon alpha-treated H9 cells.

PubMed ID: 11585831

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m107482200

PubMed ID: 9856285

Title: The 2-5A system in viral infection and apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 9856285

DOI: 10.1016/s0753-3322(99)80006-7

PubMed ID: 9862963

Title: Alternative function of a protein kinase homology domain in 2', 5'-oligoadenylate dependent RNase L.

PubMed ID: 9862963

DOI: 10.1093/nar/27.2.439

PubMed ID: 11333017

Title: Basis for regulated RNA cleavage by functional analysis of RNase L and Ire1p.

PubMed ID: 11333017

DOI: 10.1017/s1355838201002230

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 26263979

Title: RNase L cleavage products promote switch from autophagy to apoptosis by caspase-mediated cleavage of beclin-1.

PubMed ID: 26263979

DOI: 10.3390/ijms160817611

PubMed ID: 15385955

Title: Structural basis for recognition of 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates by human ribonuclease L.

PubMed ID: 15385955

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600420

PubMed ID: 11941539

Title: Germline alterations of the RNASEL gene, a candidate HPC1 gene at 1q25, in patients and families with prostate cancer.

PubMed ID: 11941539

DOI: 10.1086/340450

PubMed ID: 11799394

Title: Germline mutations in the ribonuclease L gene in families showing linkage with HPC1.

PubMed ID: 11799394

DOI: 10.1038/ng823

PubMed ID: 12415269

Title: RNASEL Arg462Gln variant is implicated in up to 13% of prostate cancer cases.

PubMed ID: 12415269

DOI: 10.1038/ng1021

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 741
  • Mass: 83533
  • Checksum: 91385EA307E3CE1D
  • Sequence:
  • MESRDHNNPQ EGPTSSSGRR AAVEDNHLLI KAVQNEDVDL VQQLLEGGAN VNFQEEEGGW 
    TPLHNAVQMS REDIVELLLR HGADPVLRKK NGATPFILAA IAGSVKLLKL FLSKGADVNE 
    CDFYGFTAFM EAAVYGKVKA LKFLYKRGAN VNLRRKTKED QERLRKGGAT ALMDAAEKGH 
    VEVLKILLDE MGADVNACDN MGRNALIHAL LSSDDSDVEA ITHLLLDHGA DVNVRGERGK 
    TPLILAVEKK HLGLVQRLLE QEHIEINDTD SDGKTALLLA VELKLKKIAE LLCKRGASTD 
    CGDLVMTARR NYDHSLVKVL LSHGAKEDFH PPAEDWKPQS SHWGAALKDL HRIYRPMIGK 
    LKFFIDEKYK IADTSEGGIY LGFYEKQEVA VKTFCEGSPR AQREVSCLQS SRENSHLVTF 
    YGSESHRGHL FVCVTLCEQT LEACLDVHRG EDVENEEDEF ARNVLSSIFK AVQELHLSCG 
    YTHQDLQPQN ILIDSKKAAH LADFDKSIKW AGDPQEVKRD LEDLGRLVLY VVKKGSISFE 
    DLKAQSNEEV VQLSPDEETK DLIHRLFHPG EHVRDCLSDL LGHPFFWTWE SRYRTLRNVG 
    NESDIKTRKS ESEILRLLQP GPSEHSKSFD KWTTKINECV MKKMNKFYEK RGNFYQNTVG 
    DLLKFIRNLG EHIDEEKHKK MKLKIGDPSL YFQKTFPDLV IYVYTKLQNT EYRKHFPQTH 
    SPNKPQCDGA GGASGLASPG C

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.