TLR4 | ENSG00000136869 | NCBI 7099

Details for: TLR4

Gene ID: 7099

Symbol: TLR4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000136869

Description: toll like receptor 4

Associated with

Activation of irf3, irf7 mediated by tbk1, ikkε (ikbke)
(R-HSA-936964)
Adaptive immune system
(R-HSA-1280218)
Antigen processing-cross presentation
(R-HSA-1236975)
Apoptosis
(R-HSA-109581)
Caspase activation via death receptors in the presence of ligand
(R-HSA-140534)
Caspase activation via extrinsic apoptotic signalling pathway
(R-HSA-5357769)
Cellular responses to stimuli
(R-HSA-8953897)
Cellular responses to stress
(R-HSA-2262752)
Class i mhc mediated antigen processing & presentation
(R-HSA-983169)
Disease
(R-HSA-1643685)
Diseases associated with the tlr signaling cascade
(R-HSA-5602358)
Diseases of immune system
(R-HSA-5260271)
Er-phagosome pathway
(R-HSA-1236974)
Heme signaling
(R-HSA-9707616)
Ikk complex recruitment mediated by rip1
(R-HSA-937041)
Immune system
(R-HSA-168256)
Infectious disease
(R-HSA-5663205)
Innate immune system
(R-HSA-168249)
Irak2 mediated activation of tak1 complex upon tlr7/8 or 9 stimulation
(R-HSA-975163)
Irak4 deficiency (tlr2/4)
(R-HSA-5603041)
Myd88 deficiency (tlr2/4)
(R-HSA-5602498)
Myd88 dependent cascade initiated on endosome
(R-HSA-975155)
Myd88-independent tlr4 cascade
(R-HSA-166166)
Myd88:mal(tirap) cascade initiated on plasma membrane
(R-HSA-166058)
Programmed cell death
(R-HSA-5357801)
Regulation of tbk1, ikkε (ikbke)-mediated activation of irf3, irf7
(R-HSA-9824878)
Regulation of tlr by endogenous ligand
(R-HSA-5686938)
Respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) attachment and entry
(R-HSA-9820960)
Respiratory syncytial virus infection pathway
(R-HSA-9820952)
Rsv-host interactions
(R-HSA-9833110)
Toll-like receptor cascades
(R-HSA-168898)
Toll like receptor 2 (tlr2) cascade
(R-HSA-181438)
Toll like receptor 4 (tlr4) cascade
(R-HSA-166016)
Toll like receptor 7/8 (tlr7/8) cascade
(R-HSA-168181)
Toll like receptor 9 (tlr9) cascade
(R-HSA-168138)
Toll like receptor tlr1:tlr2 cascade
(R-HSA-168179)
Toll like receptor tlr6:tlr2 cascade
(R-HSA-168188)
Traf6 mediated induction of nfkb and map kinases upon tlr7/8 or 9 activation
(R-HSA-975138)
Traf6-mediated induction of tak1 complex within tlr4 complex
(R-HSA-937072)
Trif (ticam1)-mediated tlr4 signaling
(R-HSA-937061)
Trif-mediated programmed cell death
(R-HSA-2562578)
Viral infection pathways
(R-HSA-9824446)
Amyloid-beta binding
(GO:0001540)
Astrocyte development
(GO:0014002)
B cell proliferation involved in immune response
(GO:0002322)
Detection of fungus
(GO:0016046)
Detection of lipopolysaccharide
(GO:0032497)
Gene expression
(GO:0010467)
I-kappab phosphorylation
(GO:0007252)
Identical protein binding
(GO:0042802)
Immune response
(GO:0006955)
Inflammatory response
(GO:0006954)
Jnk cascade
(GO:0007254)
Lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
(GO:0031663)
Lipopolysaccharide binding
(GO:0001530)
Lipopolysaccharide immune receptor activity
(GO:0001875)
Microglia differentiation
(GO:0014004)
Myd88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway
(GO:0002755)
Nad+ nucleotidase, cyclic adp-ribose generating
(GO:0061809)
Negative regulation of interleukin-6 production
(GO:0032715)
Negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
(GO:0032700)
Negative regulation of interleukin-23 production
(GO:0032707)
Negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
(GO:0032720)
Negative regulation of type ii interferon production
(GO:0032689)
Nitric oxide biosynthetic process
(GO:0006809)
Nitric oxide production involved in inflammatory response
(GO:0002537)
Phagocytosis
(GO:0006909)
Positive regulation of b cell proliferation
(GO:0030890)
Positive regulation of chemokine production
(GO:0032722)
Positive regulation of gene expression
(GO:0010628)
Positive regulation of interferon-alpha production
(GO:0032727)
Positive regulation of interferon-beta production
(GO:0032728)
Positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
(GO:0032731)
Positive regulation of interleukin-1 production
(GO:0032732)
Positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
(GO:0032755)
Positive regulation of interleukin-10 production
(GO:0032733)
Positive regulation of interleukin-12 production
(GO:0032735)
Positive regulation of platelet activation
(GO:0010572)
Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration
(GO:0014911)
Positive regulation of type ii interferon production
(GO:0032729)
Protein binding
(GO:0005515)
Protein heterodimerization activity
(GO:0046982)
Regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production
(GO:0002730)
Response to lipopolysaccharide
(GO:0032496)
Signaling receptor activity
(GO:0038023)
Signaling receptor binding
(GO:0005102)
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
(GO:0002224)
Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
(GO:0004888)
Wound healing involved in inflammatory response
(GO:0002246)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
Fold Change: 111.1574
Cell Significance Index: -17.2900
Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
Fold Change: 68.9157
Cell Significance Index: -17.4800
Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
Fold Change: 36.3809
Cell Significance Index: -14.7800
Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
Fold Change: 33.2824
Cell Significance Index: -17.1200
Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
Fold Change: 14.0232
Cell Significance Index: -17.2900
Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
Fold Change: 4.4386
Cell Significance Index: -17.5200
Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
Fold Change: 3.6267
Cell Significance Index: 56.1100
Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
Fold Change: 1.6670
Cell Significance Index: 30.8100
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
Fold Change: 1.1436
Cell Significance Index: 217.6300
Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
Fold Change: 0.6878
Cell Significance Index: 68.0400
Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
Fold Change: 0.6275
Cell Significance Index: 566.5400
Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
Fold Change: 0.3445
Cell Significance Index: 56.0300
Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
Fold Change: 0.2598
Cell Significance Index: 2.4700
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
Fold Change: 0.2475
Cell Significance Index: 5.2700
Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
Fold Change: 0.1562
Cell Significance Index: 9.3800
Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
Fold Change: 0.1554
Cell Significance Index: 10.7500
Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
Fold Change: 0.0898
Cell Significance Index: 11.5100
Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
Fold Change: 0.0734
Cell Significance Index: 1.0600
Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
Fold Change: 0.0729
Cell Significance Index: 1.1700
Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
Fold Change: 0.0520
Cell Significance Index: 6.4000
Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
Fold Change: 0.0486
Cell Significance Index: 8.7600
Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
Fold Change: 0.0449
Cell Significance Index: 6.1600
Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
Fold Change: 0.0297
Cell Significance Index: 3.4600
Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
Fold Change: 0.0281
Cell Significance Index: 1.4600
Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
Fold Change: 0.0243
Cell Significance Index: 0.4200
Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
Fold Change: -0.0016
Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
Fold Change: -0.0020
Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
Fold Change: -0.0021
Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
Fold Change: -0.0038
Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
Fold Change: -0.0066
Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
Fold Change: -0.0076
Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
Fold Change: -0.0086
Cell Significance Index: -1.8200
Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
Fold Change: -0.0094
Cell Significance Index: -17.7100
Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
Fold Change: -0.0161
Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
Fold Change: -0.0195
Cell Significance Index: -30.0900
Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
Fold Change: -0.0197
Cell Significance Index: -2.0100
Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
Fold Change: -0.0214
Cell Significance Index: -15.6700
Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
Fold Change: -0.0223
Cell Significance Index: -3.8200
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
Fold Change: -0.0225
Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
Fold Change: -0.0235
Cell Significance Index: -17.8100
Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
Fold Change: -0.0395
Cell Significance Index: -4.5200
Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
Fold Change: -0.0411
Cell Significance Index: -18.6600
Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
Fold Change: -0.0441
Cell Significance Index: -15.8300
Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
Fold Change: -0.0515
Cell Significance Index: -14.8200
Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
Fold Change: -0.0646
Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
Fold Change: -0.0804
Cell Significance Index: -16.1200
Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
Fold Change: -0.0908
Cell Significance Index: -10.3700
Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
Fold Change: -0.1217
Cell Significance Index: -5.2900
Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
Fold Change: -0.1297
Cell Significance Index: -16.7500
Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
Fold Change: -0.1313
Cell Significance Index: -6.6400
Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
Fold Change: -0.1459
Cell Significance Index: -17.2100
Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
Fold Change: -0.1586
Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
Fold Change: -0.1743
Cell Significance Index: -25.3400
Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
Fold Change: -0.2006
Cell Significance Index: -15.8900
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
Fold Change: -0.2044
Cell Significance Index: -4.2400
Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
Fold Change: -0.2150
Cell Significance Index: -13.1800
Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
Fold Change: -0.2201
Cell Significance Index: -16.8900
Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
Fold Change: -0.2239
Cell Significance Index: -10.5300
Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
Fold Change: -0.2314
Cell Significance Index: -10.7900
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
Fold Change: -0.2342
Cell Significance Index: -7.5000
Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
Fold Change: -0.2373
Cell Significance Index: -17.6900
Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
Fold Change: -0.2419
Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
Fold Change: -0.2671
Cell Significance Index: -17.2300
Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
Fold Change: -0.2707
Cell Significance Index: -14.1000
Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
Fold Change: -0.2942
Cell Significance Index: -18.5400
Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
Fold Change: -0.2992
Cell Significance Index: -2.4400
Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
Fold Change: -0.3099
Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
Fold Change: -0.3192
Cell Significance Index: -9.1500
Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
Fold Change: -0.3202
Cell Significance Index: -19.6800
Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
Fold Change: -0.3409
Cell Significance Index: -19.1300
Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
Fold Change: -0.3697
Cell Significance Index: -3.0000
Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
Fold Change: -0.3789
Cell Significance Index: -10.5900
Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
Fold Change: -0.4114
Cell Significance Index: -7.2700
Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
Fold Change: -0.4146
Cell Significance Index: -21.7700
Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
Fold Change: -0.4191
Cell Significance Index: -18.5400
Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
Fold Change: -0.4214
Cell Significance Index: -8.2400
Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
Fold Change: -0.4347
Cell Significance Index: -8.4900
Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
Fold Change: -0.4404
Cell Significance Index: -11.3200
Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
Fold Change: -0.4597
Cell Significance Index: -15.9800
Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
Fold Change: -0.4875
Cell Significance Index: -18.4600
Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
Fold Change: -0.4912
Cell Significance Index: -12.2500
Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
Fold Change: -0.4924
Cell Significance Index: -17.2500
Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
Fold Change: -0.5022
Cell Significance Index: -4.4300
Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
Fold Change: -0.5245
Cell Significance Index: -6.9700
Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
Fold Change: -0.5282
Cell Significance Index: -19.3900
Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
Fold Change: -0.5654
Cell Significance Index: -15.1500
Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
Fold Change: -0.5793
Cell Significance Index: -18.9700
Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
Fold Change: -0.5805
Cell Significance Index: -7.1800
Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
Fold Change: -0.5945
Cell Significance Index: -14.4000
Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
Fold Change: -0.6003
Cell Significance Index: -17.6300
Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
Fold Change: -0.6038
Cell Significance Index: -19.2300
Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
Fold Change: -0.6109
Cell Significance Index: -12.4300
Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
Fold Change: -0.6114
Cell Significance Index: -8.7800
Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
Fold Change: -0.6185
Cell Significance Index: -8.6800
Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
Fold Change: -0.6215
Cell Significance Index: -9.0900
Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
Fold Change: -0.6500
Cell Significance Index: -17.3600
Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
Fold Change: -0.6532
Cell Significance Index: -19.2400
Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
Fold Change: -0.6698
Cell Significance Index: -9.7300
Cell Name: endocardial cell (CL0002350)
Fold Change: -0.6843
Cell Significance Index: -4.0400
Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
Fold Change: -0.6866
Cell Significance Index: -17.5400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

**Key Characteristics** TLR4 is characterized by its ability to recognize LPS and initiate a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of the innate immune response. Some key characteristics of TLR4 include: * **LPS recognition**: TLR4 recognizes LPS, a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. * **Signaling cascade**: TLR4 triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of downstream transcription factors, including NF-κB and IRFs. * **Pro-inflammatory cytokine production**: TLR4 leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. * **Expression on immune cells**: TLR4 is expressed on various immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells. **Pathways and Functions** TLR4 is involved in various signaling pathways and functions, including: * **Activation of NF-κB**: TLR4 activates NF-κB, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses. * **Activation of IRFs**: TLR4 activates IRFs, transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in innate immunity and inflammation. * **Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines**: TLR4 leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. * **Recognition of PAMPs**: TLR4 recognizes various PAMPs, including LPS, and triggers an immune response. **Clinical Significance** TLR4 plays a critical role in the defense against bacterial infections and inflammatory responses. Some clinical implications of TLR4 include: * **Infectious diseases**: TLR4 is involved in the recognition of bacterial infections, including pneumonia, sepsis, and tuberculosis. * **Inflammatory disorders**: TLR4 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. * **Cancer**: TLR4 is involved in the recognition of tumor-associated antigens and the activation of immune responses against cancer. * **Neurological disorders**: TLR4 is involved in the recognition of neuroinflammatory mediators and the activation of immune responses in neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, TLR4 is a crucial component of the innate immune system, involved in the recognition of PAMPs and the activation of immune responses. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various clinical conditions, including infectious diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of TLR4 in human health and disease.

Disclaimer: This summary is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Toll-like receptor 4

Genular Protein ID: 2856655026

Symbol: TLR4_HUMAN

Name: Toll-like receptor 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O00206 A8K1Y8 A9XLP9 A9XLQ0 A9XLQ1 B4E194 D1CS52 D1CS53 Q5VZI8 Q5VZI9 Q9UK78 Q9UM57

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9237759

Title: A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity.

PubMed ID: 9237759

DOI: 10.1038/41131

PubMed ID: 9435236

Title: A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll.

PubMed ID: 9435236

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.2.588

PubMed ID: 11104518

Title: Phylogenetic variation and polymorphism at the Toll-like receptor 4 locus (TLR4).

PubMed ID: 11104518

DOI: 10.1186/gb-2000-1-1-research002

PubMed ID: 10835634

Title: TLR4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans.

PubMed ID: 10835634

DOI: 10.1038/76048

PubMed ID: 18810425

Title: Natural selection in the TLR-related genes in the course of primate evolution.

PubMed ID: 18810425

DOI: 10.1007/s00251-008-0332-0

PubMed ID: 19924287

Title: The heterogeneous allelic repertoire of human Toll-Like receptor (TLR) genes.

PubMed ID: 19924287

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007803

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 11081518

Title: Structural basis for signal transduction by the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains.

PubMed ID: 11081518

DOI: 10.1038/35040600

PubMed ID: 11274165

Title: Lipopolysaccharide is in close proximity to each of the proteins in its membrane receptor complex. transfer from CD14 to TLR4 and MD-2.

PubMed ID: 11274165

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m009164200

PubMed ID: 11706042

Title: MD-2 and TLR4 N-linked glycosylations are important for a functional lipopolysaccharide receptor.

PubMed ID: 11706042

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109910200

PubMed ID: 14519765

Title: TIR-containing adapter molecule (TICAM)-2, a bridging adapter recruiting to toll-like receptor 4 TICAM-1 that induces interferon-beta.

PubMed ID: 14519765

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m305820200

PubMed ID: 14517278

Title: LPS-TLR4 signaling to IRF-3/7 and NF-kappaB involves the toll adapters TRAM and TRIF.

PubMed ID: 14517278

DOI: 10.1084/jem.20031023

PubMed ID: 15265881

Title: Regulation of IFN regulatory factor-7 and IFN-alpha production by enveloped virus and lipopolysaccharide in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells.

PubMed ID: 15265881

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.3.1535

PubMed ID: 15356101

Title: Direct interaction of TLR4 with NAD(P)H oxidase 4 isozyme is essential for lipopolysaccharide-induced production of reactive oxygen species and activation of NF-kappa B.

PubMed ID: 15356101

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.6.3589

PubMed ID: 15809303

Title: Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock proteins use diverse Toll-like receptor pathways to activate pro-inflammatory signals.

PubMed ID: 15809303

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411379200

PubMed ID: 16622205

Title: The mycobacterial 38-kilodalton glycolipoprotein antigen activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and release of proinflammatory cytokines through Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in human monocytes.

PubMed ID: 16622205

DOI: 10.1128/iai.74.5.2686-2696.2006

PubMed ID: 17292937

Title: Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G activates a specific antiviral Toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathway.

PubMed ID: 17292937

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.12.032

PubMed ID: 17098818

Title: Effects of TREM-1 activation in human neutrophils: activation of signaling pathways, recruitment into lipid rafts and association with TLR4.

PubMed ID: 17098818

DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxl119

PubMed ID: 17478729

Title: Toll-like receptor-4 mediates vascular inflammation and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity.

PubMed ID: 17478729

DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.106.142851

PubMed ID: 20865800

Title: Folding of Toll-like receptors by the HSP90 paralogue gp96 requires a substrate-specific cochaperone.

PubMed ID: 20865800

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1070

PubMed ID: 21393102

Title: TREM-1 interaction with the LPS/TLR4 receptor complex.

PubMed ID: 21393102

DOI: 10.1684/ecn.2011.0274

PubMed ID: 20037584

Title: CD36 ligands promote sterile inflammation through assembly of a Toll-like receptor 4 and 6 heterodimer.

PubMed ID: 20037584

DOI: 10.1038/ni.1836

PubMed ID: 19846529

Title: Interaction between Ebola virus glycoprotein and host toll-like receptor 4 leads to induction of proinflammatory cytokines and SOCS1.

PubMed ID: 19846529

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01462-09

PubMed ID: 20711192

Title: Crucial role for human Toll-like receptor 4 in the development of contact allergy to nickel.

PubMed ID: 20711192

DOI: 10.1038/ni.1919

PubMed ID: 21602844

Title: MLK4 has negative effect on TLR4 signaling.

PubMed ID: 21602844

DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2011.15

PubMed ID: 23880187

Title: CD14 and TLR4 mediate cytokine release promoted by electronegative LDL in monocytes.

PubMed ID: 23880187

DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.05.011

PubMed ID: 23569230

Title: Molecular mechanisms for the subversion of MyD88 signaling by TcpC from virulent uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

PubMed ID: 23569230

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1215770110

PubMed ID: 24265315

Title: Mechanism of bacterial interference with TLR4 signaling by Brucella Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing protein TcpB.

PubMed ID: 24265315

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.523274

PubMed ID: 25736436

Title: WDFY1 mediates TLR3/4 signaling by recruiting TRIF.

PubMed ID: 25736436

DOI: 10.15252/embr.201439637

PubMed ID: 27022195

Title: Raftlin controls lipopolysaccharide-induced TLR4 internalization and TICAM-1 signaling in a cell type-specific manner.

PubMed ID: 27022195

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501734

PubMed ID: 29038465

Title: NMI and IFP35 serve as proinflammatory DAMPs during cellular infection and injury.

PubMed ID: 29038465

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00930-9

PubMed ID: 28334607

Title: The SARM1 Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor domain possesses intrinsic NAD+ cleavage activity that promotes pathological axonal degeneration.

PubMed ID: 28334607

DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.022

PubMed ID: 30573680

Title: TRAF3-interacting JNK-activating modulator promotes inflammation by stimulating translocation of Toll-like receptor 4 to lipid rafts.

PubMed ID: 30573680

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003137

PubMed ID: 32894580

Title: Mycoplasma pneumoniae lipids license TLR-4 for activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy to evoke a proinflammatory response.

PubMed ID: 32894580

DOI: 10.1111/cei.13510

PubMed ID: 36232715

Title: PAUF Induces Migration of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells Exclusively via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway.

PubMed ID: 36232715

DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911414

PubMed ID: 36945827

Title: Recombinant human KAI1/CD82 attenuates M1 macrophage polarization on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via blocking TLR4/JNK/NF-kappaB signal pathway.

PubMed ID: 36945827

DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022-0189

PubMed ID: 38378891

Title: A mosquito salivary protein-driven influx of myeloid cells facilitates flavivirus transmission.

PubMed ID: 38378891

DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00056-x

PubMed ID: 17803912

Title: Crystal structure of the TLR4-MD-2 complex with bound endotoxin antagonist Eritoran.

PubMed ID: 17803912

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.08.002

PubMed ID: 19252480

Title: The structural basis of lipopolysaccharide recognition by the TLR4-MD-2 complex.

PubMed ID: 19252480

DOI: 10.1038/nature07830

PubMed ID: 22363519

Title: Structure-based rational design of a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) decoy receptor with high binding affinity for a target protein.

PubMed ID: 22363519

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030929

PubMed ID: 11514453

Title: Excess of rare amino acid polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor 4 in humans.

PubMed ID: 11514453

DOI: 10.1093/genetics/158.4.1657

PubMed ID: 15829498

Title: Toll-like receptor 4 variant D299G is associated with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration.

PubMed ID: 15829498

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi154

PubMed ID: 25787250

Title: Neomorphic effects of recurrent somatic mutations in Yin Yang 1 in insulin-producing adenomas.

PubMed ID: 25787250

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1503696112

Sequence Information:

Length: 839
Mass: 95680
Checksum: 92C48F55821133E8
Sequence:

MMSASRLAGT LIPAMAFLSC VRPESWEPCV EVVPNITYQC MELNFYKIPD NLPFSTKNLD 
LSFNPLRHLG SYSFFSFPEL QVLDLSRCEI QTIEDGAYQS LSHLSTLILT GNPIQSLALG 
AFSGLSSLQK LVAVETNLAS LENFPIGHLK TLKELNVAHN LIQSFKLPEY FSNLTNLEHL 
DLSSNKIQSI YCTDLRVLHQ MPLLNLSLDL SLNPMNFIQP GAFKEIRLHK LTLRNNFDSL 
NVMKTCIQGL AGLEVHRLVL GEFRNEGNLE KFDKSALEGL CNLTIEEFRL AYLDYYLDDI 
IDLFNCLTNV SSFSLVSVTI ERVKDFSYNF GWQHLELVNC KFGQFPTLKL KSLKRLTFTS 
NKGGNAFSEV DLPSLEFLDL SRNGLSFKGC CSQSDFGTTS LKYLDLSFNG VITMSSNFLG 
LEQLEHLDFQ HSNLKQMSEF SVFLSLRNLI YLDISHTHTR VAFNGIFNGL SSLEVLKMAG 
NSFQENFLPD IFTELRNLTF LDLSQCQLEQ LSPTAFNSLS SLQVLNMSHN NFFSLDTFPY 
KCLNSLQVLD YSLNHIMTSK KQELQHFPSS LAFLNLTQND FACTCEHQSF LQWIKDQRQL 
LVEVERMECA TPSDKQGMPV LSLNITCQMN KTIIGVSVLS VLVVSVVAVL VYKFYFHLML 
LAGCIKYGRG ENIYDAFVIY SSQDEDWVRN ELVKNLEEGV PPFQLCLHYR DFIPGVAIAA 
NIIHEGFHKS RKVIVVVSQH FIQSRWCIFE YEIAQTWQFL SSRAGIIFIV LQKVEKTLLR 
QQVELYRLLS RNTYLEWEDS VLGRHIFWRR LRKALLDGKS WNPEGTVGTG CNWQEATSI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.

Details for: TLR4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

Other Information

A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity. PubMed ID: 9237759

A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll. PubMed ID: 9435236

Phylogenetic variation and polymorphism at the Toll-like receptor 4 locus (TLR4). PubMed ID: 11104518

TLR4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans. PubMed ID: 10835634

Natural selection in the TLR-related genes in the course of primate evolution. PubMed ID: 18810425

The heterogeneous allelic repertoire of human Toll-Like receptor (TLR) genes. PubMed ID: 19924287

Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. PubMed ID: 14702039

DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. PubMed ID: 15164053

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. PubMed ID: 15340161

Structural basis for signal transduction by the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains. PubMed ID: 11081518

Lipopolysaccharide is in close proximity to each of the proteins in its membrane receptor complex. transfer from CD14 to TLR4 and MD-2. PubMed ID: 11274165

MD-2 and TLR4 N-linked glycosylations are important for a functional lipopolysaccharide receptor. PubMed ID: 11706042

TIR-containing adapter molecule (TICAM)-2, a bridging adapter recruiting to toll-like receptor 4 TICAM-1 that induces interferon-beta. PubMed ID: 14519765

LPS-TLR4 signaling to IRF-3/7 and NF-kappaB involves the toll adapters TRAM and TRIF. PubMed ID: 14517278

Regulation of IFN regulatory factor-7 and IFN-alpha production by enveloped virus and lipopolysaccharide in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. PubMed ID: 15265881

Direct interaction of TLR4 with NAD(P)H oxidase 4 isozyme is essential for lipopolysaccharide-induced production of reactive oxygen species and activation of NF-kappa B. PubMed ID: 15356101

Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock proteins use diverse Toll-like receptor pathways to activate pro-inflammatory signals. PubMed ID: 15809303

The mycobacterial 38-kilodalton glycolipoprotein antigen activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and release of proinflammatory cytokines through Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in human monocytes. PubMed ID: 16622205

Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G activates a specific antiviral Toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathway. PubMed ID: 17292937

Effects of TREM-1 activation in human neutrophils: activation of signaling pathways, recruitment into lipid rafts and association with TLR4. PubMed ID: 17098818

Toll-like receptor-4 mediates vascular inflammation and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity. PubMed ID: 17478729

Folding of Toll-like receptors by the HSP90 paralogue gp96 requires a substrate-specific cochaperone. PubMed ID: 20865800

TREM-1 interaction with the LPS/TLR4 receptor complex. PubMed ID: 21393102

CD36 ligands promote sterile inflammation through assembly of a Toll-like receptor 4 and 6 heterodimer. PubMed ID: 20037584

Interaction between Ebola virus glycoprotein and host toll-like receptor 4 leads to induction of proinflammatory cytokines and SOCS1. PubMed ID: 19846529

Crucial role for human Toll-like receptor 4 in the development of contact allergy to nickel. PubMed ID: 20711192

MLK4 has negative effect on TLR4 signaling. PubMed ID: 21602844

CD14 and TLR4 mediate cytokine release promoted by electronegative LDL in monocytes. PubMed ID: 23880187

Molecular mechanisms for the subversion of MyD88 signaling by TcpC from virulent uropathogenic Escherichia coli. PubMed ID: 23569230

Mechanism of bacterial interference with TLR4 signaling by Brucella Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing protein TcpB. PubMed ID: 24265315

WDFY1 mediates TLR3/4 signaling by recruiting TRIF. PubMed ID: 25736436

Raftlin controls lipopolysaccharide-induced TLR4 internalization and TICAM-1 signaling in a cell type-specific manner. PubMed ID: 27022195

NMI and IFP35 serve as proinflammatory DAMPs during cellular infection and injury. PubMed ID: 29038465

The SARM1 Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor domain possesses intrinsic NAD+ cleavage activity that promotes pathological axonal degeneration. PubMed ID: 28334607

TRAF3-interacting JNK-activating modulator promotes inflammation by stimulating translocation of Toll-like receptor 4 to lipid rafts. PubMed ID: 30573680

Mycoplasma pneumoniae lipids license TLR-4 for activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy to evoke a proinflammatory response. PubMed ID: 32894580

PAUF Induces Migration of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells Exclusively via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway. PubMed ID: 36232715

Recombinant human KAI1/CD82 attenuates M1 macrophage polarization on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via blocking TLR4/JNK/NF-kappaB signal pathway. PubMed ID: 36945827

A mosquito salivary protein-driven influx of myeloid cells facilitates flavivirus transmission. PubMed ID: 38378891

Crystal structure of the TLR4-MD-2 complex with bound endotoxin antagonist Eritoran. PubMed ID: 17803912

The structural basis of lipopolysaccharide recognition by the TLR4-MD-2 complex. PubMed ID: 19252480

Structure-based rational design of a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) decoy receptor with high binding affinity for a target protein. PubMed ID: 22363519

Excess of rare amino acid polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor 4 in humans. PubMed ID: 11514453

Toll-like receptor 4 variant D299G is associated with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. PubMed ID: 15829498

Neomorphic effects of recurrent somatic mutations in Yin Yang 1 in insulin-producing adenomas. PubMed ID: 25787250