Details for: DEFA5

Gene ID: 1670

Symbol: DEFA5

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164816

Description: defensin alpha 5

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 52.6072
    Cell Significance Index: 788.2700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 27.5352
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0000
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 19.4181
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: 7.3216
    Cell Significance Index: 73.8600
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 7.1560
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 5.1936
    Cell Significance Index: 235.4100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 4.8737
    Cell Significance Index: 140.4200
  • Cell Name: precursor cell (CL0011115)
    Fold Change: 3.9819
    Cell Significance Index: 30.2000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.7803
    Cell Significance Index: 193.6400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 1.5048
    Cell Significance Index: 52.8800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.2506
    Cell Significance Index: 123.7100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.9930
    Cell Significance Index: 188.9700
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.6778
    Cell Significance Index: 40.6900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.5861
    Cell Significance Index: 40.5300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell (CL0002250)
    Fold Change: 0.3226
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2700
  • Cell Name: urothelial cell (CL0000731)
    Fold Change: 0.2696
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.2265
    Cell Significance Index: 36.8300
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 0.1687
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.1294
    Cell Significance Index: 116.8600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1188
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5300
  • Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
    Fold Change: 0.1071
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0850
    Cell Significance Index: 16.8700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: 0.0251
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0040
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0050
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0123
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.0204
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8600
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0277
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.0280
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0322
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2600
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: -0.0339
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: ciliated epithelial cell (CL0000067)
    Fold Change: -0.0366
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: -0.0411
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0448
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0000
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.0464
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: -0.0517
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030067)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.0533
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0538
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: -0.0613
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: -0.0623
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0683
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.0706
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.0739
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0749
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0876
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.0941
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3500
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0993
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: memory T cell (CL0000813)
    Fold Change: -0.1001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: muscle fibroblast (CL1001609)
    Fold Change: -0.1071
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: -0.1081
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1082
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1327
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.1437
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: suprabasal keratinocyte (CL4033013)
    Fold Change: -0.1567
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5200
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: -0.1596
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.1653
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: -0.1659
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9700
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: -0.1730
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4000
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1772
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: -0.1774
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8300
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: -0.1794
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: -0.1813
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.1816
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1819
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2100
  • Cell Name: mucosal invariant T cell (CL0000940)
    Fold Change: -0.1842
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: -0.1868
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.1921
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1939
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1800
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.2064
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: -0.2073
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.2073
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0600
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: -0.2084
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2800
  • Cell Name: promyelocyte (CL0000836)
    Fold Change: -0.2084
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: neural crest cell (CL0011012)
    Fold Change: -0.2137
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.2140
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2200
  • Cell Name: double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000809)
    Fold Change: -0.2152
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.2156
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8200
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.2286
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0100
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.2301
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.2331
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: -0.2352
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite cell (CL0000594)
    Fold Change: -0.2374
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.2375
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3500
  • Cell Name: CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human (CL0000938)
    Fold Change: -0.2393
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4800
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: -0.2530
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000895)
    Fold Change: -0.2550
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000905)
    Fold Change: -0.2573
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: promonocyte (CL0000559)
    Fold Change: -0.2575
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2605
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5300
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: -0.2630
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8100
  • Cell Name: IgA plasma cell (CL0000987)
    Fold Change: -0.2673
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: -0.2719
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8800

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Structure and Function:** DEFA5 is a 4-kDa, four-cysteine, alpha-helix rich peptide that belongs to the defensin family. Its primary function is to disrupt the microbial membrane, leading to cell lysis and death. 2. **Expression:** DEFA5 is expressed in various tissues, including blood vessel endothelial cells, enterocytes, intestinal crypt stem cells, and alpha-beta T cells, highlighting its role in multiple immune compartments. 3. **Cellular Localization:** DEFA5 is primarily secreted into the extracellular space, where it can interact with pathogens and modulate the immune response. 4. **Regulatory Pathways:** DEFA5 regulates the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the permeability of the plasma membrane, indicating its involvement in the regulation of immune responses. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Antimicrobial Activity:** DEFA5 disrupts the microbial membrane, leading to cell lysis and death, thereby providing a first line of defense against pathogens. 2. **Immune Regulation:** DEFA5 regulates the production of IL-8, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and modulates the permeability of the plasma membrane, indicating its role in regulating immune responses. 3. **Cell Signaling:** DEFA5 interacts with various cell surface receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), to activate downstream signaling pathways and modulate immune responses. 4. **Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity:** DEFA5 exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, highlighting its importance in the defense against a wide range of pathogens. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Infectious Diseases:** DEFA5's role in regulating immune responses and its antimicrobial activity make it an attractive target for the treatment of infectious diseases, including bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. 2. **Inflammatory Diseases:** DEFA5's involvement in regulating immune responses and its potential to modulate inflammation make it a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 3. **Cancer Immunotherapy:** DEFA5's role in regulating immune responses and its antimicrobial activity make it a potential candidate for cancer immunotherapy, where it could be used to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. 4. **Neurological Disorders:** DEFA5's expression in the brain and its potential role in regulating immune responses in the central nervous system make it a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, DEFA5 is a critical component of the innate immune response, playing a key role in the defense against pathogens and the regulation of immune responses. Its clinical significance underscores its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 3016671351

Symbol: DEF5_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q01523 A0JDY6 Q3KNV2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 23 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 12 PDBsum 12 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1429669

Title: Paneth cells of the human small intestine express an antimicrobial peptide gene.

PubMed ID: 1429669

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50079-x

PubMed ID: 16421571

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 8.

PubMed ID: 16421571

DOI: 10.1038/nature04406

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12021776

Title: Paneth cell trypsin is the processing enzyme for human defensin-5.

PubMed ID: 12021776

DOI: 10.1038/ni797

PubMed ID: 9588893

Title: Gene expression, immunolocalization, and secretion of human defensin-5 in human female reproductive tract.

PubMed ID: 9588893

PubMed ID: 12660734

Title: Protection against enteric salmonellosis in transgenic mice expressing a human intestinal defensin.

PubMed ID: 12660734

DOI: 10.1038/nature01520

PubMed ID: 15616305

Title: Antibacterial activity and specificity of the six human alpha-defensins.

PubMed ID: 15616305

DOI: 10.1128/aac.49.1.269-275.2005

PubMed ID: 22359618

Title: Human alpha defensin 5 expression in the human kidney and urinary tract.

PubMed ID: 22359618

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031712

PubMed ID: 25354318

Title: Paneth cell alpha-defensin 6 (HD-6) is an antimicrobial peptide.

PubMed ID: 25354318

DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.100

PubMed ID: 30808760

Title: Paneth cell alpha-defensins HD-5 and HD-6 display differential degradation into active antimicrobial fragments.

PubMed ID: 30808760

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817376116

PubMed ID: 17088326

Title: Crystal structures of human alpha-defensins HNP4, HD5, and HD6.

PubMed ID: 17088326

DOI: 10.1110/ps.062336606

PubMed ID: 19589339

Title: Selective arginines are important for the antibacterial activity and host cell interaction of human alpha-defensin 5.

PubMed ID: 19589339

DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.06.051

PubMed ID: 23163963

Title: NMR solution structure and condition-dependent oligomerization of the antimicrobial peptide human defensin 5.

PubMed ID: 23163963

DOI: 10.1021/bi301255u

PubMed ID: 22573326

Title: Functional determinants of human enteric alpha-defensin HD5: crucial role for hydrophobicity at dimer interface.

PubMed ID: 22573326

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.367995

PubMed ID: 25782105

Title: Design of a potent antibiotic peptide based on the active region of human defensin 5.

PubMed ID: 25782105

DOI: 10.1021/jm501824a

PubMed ID: 29858013

Title: Human Enteric alpha-Defensin 5 Promotes Shigella Infection by Enhancing Bacterial Adhesion and Invasion.

PubMed ID: 29858013

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 94
  • Mass: 10071
  • Checksum: 19B5B00B6BAF90DA
  • Sequence:
    • MRTIAILAAI LLVALQAQAE SLQERADEAT TQKQSGEDNQ DLAISFAGNG LSALRTSGSQ 
ARATCYCRTG RCATRESLSG VCEISGRLYR LCCR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.