Details for: CL0000632

Cell ID: CL0000632

Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell

Marker Score Threshold: 377
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: A cell that is found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver that is capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components that can contribute to liver fibrosis. This activated state has a myofibroblast-like phenotype, though it's not clear in the literature if this is terminally differentiated. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver.

Synonyms: Ito cell, hepatic perisinusoidal cell, perisinusoidal cell, fat-storing cell, lipocyte, vitamin A-storing cells

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ALB (ENSG00000163631)
    Fold Change: 3.44
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163631
  • Gene Symbol: B2M (ENSG00000166710)
    Fold Change: 3.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166710
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 3.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: ACTG1 (ENSG00000184009)
    Fold Change: 2.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184009
  • Gene Symbol: ANK3 (ENSG00000151150)
    Fold Change: 2.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151150
  • Gene Symbol: ATRX (ENSG00000085224)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000085224
  • Gene Symbol: AHSG (ENSG00000145192)
    Fold Change: 2.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145192
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L1 (ENSG00000185650)
    Fold Change: 2.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000185650
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A6 (ENSG00000169100)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169100
  • Gene Symbol: RHOA (ENSG00000067560)
    Fold Change: 2.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067560
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L2 (ENSG00000152518)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152518
  • Gene Symbol: BTF3 (ENSG00000145741)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145741
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR2 (ENSG00000204217)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204217
  • Gene Symbol: APOE (ENSG00000130203)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130203
  • Gene Symbol: APBB2 (ENSG00000163697)
    Fold Change: 1.9
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163697
  • Gene Symbol: BTG1 (ENSG00000133639)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133639
  • Gene Symbol: DST (ENSG00000151914)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151914
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC2 (ENSG00000135390)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135390
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: A2M (ENSG00000175899)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175899
  • Gene Symbol: TLE5 (ENSG00000104964)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104964
  • Gene Symbol: ACADVL (ENSG00000072778)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072778
  • Gene Symbol: ATF4 (ENSG00000128272)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128272
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA2 (ENSG00000182718)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182718
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1E (ENSG00000124172)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124172
  • Gene Symbol: BACH1 (ENSG00000156273)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156273
  • Gene Symbol: APOC1 (ENSG00000130208)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130208
  • Gene Symbol: RHOB (ENSG00000143878)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143878
  • Gene Symbol: ADK (ENSG00000156110)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156110
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: ARF4 (ENSG00000168374)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168374
  • Gene Symbol: ZFHX3 (ENSG00000140836)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140836
  • Gene Symbol: KLF9 (ENSG00000119138)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000119138
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA5 (ENSG00000164111)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164111
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA11 (ENSG00000122359)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000122359
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5ME (ENSG00000169020)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169020
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PF (ENSG00000154723)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154723
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0B (ENSG00000117410)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117410
  • Gene Symbol: BRAF (ENSG00000157764)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157764
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1D (ENSG00000099624)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099624
  • Gene Symbol: ADGRB3 (ENSG00000135298)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135298
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A5 (ENSG00000005022)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000005022
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B1 (ENSG00000070961)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070961
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC3 (ENSG00000154518)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154518
  • Gene Symbol: AGT (ENSG00000135744)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135744
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA7 (ENSG00000138279)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138279
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PO (ENSG00000241837)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000241837
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: ABCA1 (ENSG00000165029)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165029
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3L (ENSG00000104765)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104765
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1B (ENSG00000110955)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110955
  • Gene Symbol: ADAM10 (ENSG00000137845)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137845
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1A (ENSG00000152234)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152234
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH1A1 (ENSG00000165092)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165092
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN1 (ENSG00000072110)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072110
  • Gene Symbol: ADAR (ENSG00000160710)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160710
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2A2 (ENSG00000174437)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174437
  • Gene Symbol: ACACA (ENSG00000278540)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000278540
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1A (ENSG00000107779)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107779
  • Gene Symbol: APRT (ENSG00000198931)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198931
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1C (ENSG00000165629)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165629
  • Gene Symbol: ALDOA (ENSG00000149925)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149925
  • Gene Symbol: ABL1 (ENSG00000097007)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000097007
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP2 (ENSG00000140299)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140299
  • Gene Symbol: APOA2 (ENSG00000158874)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000158874
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA6 (ENSG00000197043)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197043
  • Gene Symbol: ADH5 (ENSG00000197894)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197894
  • Gene Symbol: ASAH1 (ENSG00000104763)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104763
  • Gene Symbol: ADD3 (ENSG00000148700)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148700
  • Gene Symbol: ATR (ENSG00000175054)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175054
  • Gene Symbol: AMD1 (ENSG00000123505)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123505
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1B (ENSG00000138696)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138696
  • Gene Symbol: ACAA1 (ENSG00000060971)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000060971
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: ASPH (ENSG00000198363)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198363
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: AOX1 (ENSG00000138356)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138356
  • Gene Symbol: PLIN2 (ENSG00000147872)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000147872
  • Gene Symbol: A1BG (ENSG00000121410)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121410
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGDIA (ENSG00000141522)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000141522
  • Gene Symbol: ACO2 (ENSG00000100412)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100412
  • Gene Symbol: BIRC2 (ENSG00000110330)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110330
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PB (ENSG00000116459)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000116459
  • Gene Symbol: ACADM (ENSG00000117054)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117054
  • Gene Symbol: JAG1 (ENSG00000101384)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101384
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP5 (ENSG00000100852)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100852
  • Gene Symbol: ATOX1 (ENSG00000177556)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177556
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC1 (ENSG00000159199)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000159199
  • Gene Symbol: AK2 (ENSG00000004455)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000004455
  • Gene Symbol: ATM (ENSG00000149311)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149311
  • Gene Symbol: AGTR1 (ENSG00000144891)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000144891
  • Gene Symbol: BCL6 (ENSG00000113916)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113916
  • Gene Symbol: ABL2 (ENSG00000143322)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143322
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B4 (ENSG00000058668)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000058668
Hovered Details

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Hovered Details

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**Key Characteristics** 1. **Location**: HSCs are found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver, also known as the pericentral zone. 2. **Function**: HSCs are capable of multiple functions, including: * Storage of retinol * Presentation of antigen to T cells, including CD1d-restricted NKT cells * Production of extracellular matrix components that contribute to liver fibrosis 3. **Activation**: Upon activation, HSCs exhibit a myofibroblast-like phenotype, characterized by the production of extracellular matrix proteins and the contraction of collagen fibers. 4. **Cellular differentiation**: The literature is unclear on whether the activated state of HSCs represents terminal differentiation. 5. **Gene expression**: HSCs express a wide range of genes involved in various cellular processes, including antioxidant activity, lipid metabolism, and immune response. **Clinical Significance** 1. **Liver fibrosis**: HSCs play a crucial role in the development of liver fibrosis, a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. 2. **Steatohepatitis**: HSCs are implicated in the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis, a form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver. 3. **Cirrhosis**: HSCs are also involved in the development of cirrhosis, a late stage of liver fibrosis characterized by the formation of regenerative nodules. 4. **Liver transplantation**: HSCs have been proposed as a potential target for the treatment of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, as they can be activated to produce extracellular matrix proteins that can be degraded by transplantation. 5. **Immunology**: HSCs have been shown to present antigen to T cells, including CD1d-restricted NKT cells, and have been implicated in the regulation of the immune response in the liver. In conclusion, the hepatic stellate cell is a unique and multifunctional cell type that plays a critical role in maintaining liver homeostasis and has been implicated in various liver diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the functions of HSCs and their role in liver disease.