Details for: DLX4

Gene ID: 1748

Symbol: DLX4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108813

Description: distal-less homeobox 4

Associated with

  • Cell differentiation
    (GO:0030154)
  • Chromatin
    (GO:0000785)
  • Dna-binding transcription factor activity
    (GO:0003700)
  • Dna-binding transcription factor activity, rna polymerase ii-specific
    (GO:0000981)
  • Dna-binding transcription repressor activity, rna polymerase ii-specific
    (GO:0001227)
  • Embryonic skeletal system development
    (GO:0048706)
  • Negative regulation of transcription by rna polymerase ii
    (GO:0000122)
  • Nucleoplasm
    (GO:0005654)
  • Nucleus
    (GO:0005634)
  • Protein binding
    (GO:0005515)
  • Regulation of dna-templated transcription
    (GO:0006355)
  • Regulation of transcription by rna polymerase ii
    (GO:0006357)
  • Rna polymerase ii cis-regulatory region sequence-specific dna binding
    (GO:0000978)
  • Sequence-specific dna binding
    (GO:0043565)
  • Sequence-specific double-stranded dna binding
    (GO:1990837)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 15.6225
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4300
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 9.5804
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 3.9654
    Cell Significance Index: 99.1300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 3.3564
    Cell Significance Index: 205.7800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 2.5211
    Cell Significance Index: 54.6200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 2.3200
    Cell Significance Index: 74.3100
  • Cell Name: granular cell of epidermis (CL0002189)
    Fold Change: 1.9806
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2800
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 1.0600
    Cell Significance Index: 135.8900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.9660
    Cell Significance Index: 183.8300
  • Cell Name: preosteoblast (CL0007010)
    Fold Change: 0.6865
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2300
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6439
    Cell Significance Index: 63.7000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.5739
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.5361
    Cell Significance Index: 484.0500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.3871
    Cell Significance Index: 42.1000
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.3608
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1700
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.3557
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3477
    Cell Significance Index: 56.5500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 0.3368
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5500
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.3130
    Cell Significance Index: 18.7900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.2404
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2800
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2070
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3200
  • Cell Name: epidermal cell (CL0000362)
    Fold Change: 0.1214
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: 0.0966
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: 0.0764
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7900
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: 0.0710
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8300
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.0659
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0500
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: 0.0612
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8000
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.0612
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6400
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0594
    Cell Significance Index: 26.2700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0593
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: 0.0487
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 0.0376
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: 11.2600
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: 0.0178
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0062
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9600
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0018
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0083
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.0095
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0106
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0112
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0127
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0159
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0180
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0197
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0227
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: trophoblast giant cell (CL0002488)
    Fold Change: -0.0236
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0273
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.0279
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0279
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0315
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0341
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0356
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0417
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0438
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.0449
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0452
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0471
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0478
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6600
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0482
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: -0.0484
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.0484
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5300
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0495
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: -0.0495
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0496
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.0536
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.0549
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8000
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0552
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.0557
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0583
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.0610
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0631
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** 1. **Location**: DLX4 is located on chromosome 12q13.33 and spans approximately 5.5 kilobases. 2. **Expression**: DLX4 is highly expressed in enterocytes of the large intestine, blood vessel endothelial cells, colon goblet cells, cardiac endothelial cells, and intestinal stem cells. 3. **Protein structure**: The DLX4 protein is a transcription factor consisting of a homeobox domain, which is a conserved DNA-binding motif. 4. **Function**: DLX4 regulates cell differentiation, transcriptional regulation, and DNA-templated transcription in various tissues. **Pathways and Functions** 1. **Cell differentiation**: DLX4 regulates the differentiation of neural stem cells, intestinal stem cells, and other cell types, influencing their specification and maturation. 2. **Transcriptional regulation**: DLX4 binds to specific DNA sequences, influencing the expression of target genes involved in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. 3. **DNA-templated transcription**: DLX4 regulates the expression of genes involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination. 4. **Embryo development**: DLX4 plays a crucial role in embryonic development, particularly in the specification and differentiation of neural stem cells. **Clinical Significance** 1. **Neurological disorders**: Mutations in the DLX4 gene have been associated with neurological disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. 2. **Cancer**: DLX4 is involved in the regulation of intestinal stem cells, and alterations in its expression have been linked to colorectal cancer. 3. **Intestinal disorders**: DLX4 is essential for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, and dysregulation of its expression has been implicated in intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease. 4. **Regenerative medicine**: DLX4 is a promising target for regenerative medicine, particularly in the context of tissue repair and regeneration. In conclusion, the DLX4 gene plays a critical role in regulating embryonic development, cell differentiation, and transcriptional regulation in various tissues. Its dysregulation has been implicated in neurological disorders, cancer, and intestinal disorders, highlighting the importance of this gene in human health and disease. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of DLX4 function and its potential therapeutic applications.

Genular Protein ID: 3538069558

Symbol: DLX4_HUMAN

Name: Homeobox protein DLX-4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q92988 D3DTX2 D3DTX3 O60480 Q13265 Q6PJK0 Q9HBE0

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 13 Ensembl 3 GO 12 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 3 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8975708

Title: Genomic analysis of a new mammalian distal-less gene: Dlx7.

PubMed ID: 8975708

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0634

PubMed ID: 9467018

Title: Identification of a mutation in DLX3 associated with tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome.

PubMed ID: 9467018

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/7.3.563

PubMed ID: 11069021

Title: BP1, a new homeobox gene, is frequently expressed in acute leukemias.

PubMed ID: 11069021

DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401912

PubMed ID: 11909945

Title: BP1, a homeodomain-containing isoform of DLX4, represses the beta-globin gene.

PubMed ID: 11909945

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.22.8.2505-2514.2002

PubMed ID: 11792834

Title: Genomic structure and functional control of the Dlx3-7 bigene cluster.

PubMed ID: 11792834

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.012584999

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9073066

Title: Isolation and identification of homeobox genes from the human placenta including a novel member of the Distal-less family, DLX4.

PubMed ID: 9073066

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(96)00706-8

PubMed ID: 25954033

Title: DLX4 is associated with orofacial clefting and abnormal jaw development.

PubMed ID: 25954033

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv167

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 240
  • Mass: 26263
  • Checksum: 18EE52CF20C126EB
  • Sequence:
    • MTSLPCPLPG RDASKAVFPD LAPVPSVAAA YPLGLSPTTA ASPNLSYSRP YGHLLSYPYT 
EPANPGDSYL SCQQPAALSQ PLCGPAEHPQ ELEADSEKPR LSPEPSERRP QAPAKKLRKP 
RTIYSSLQLQ HLNQRFQHTQ YLALPERAQL AAQLGLTQTQ VKIWFQNKRS KYKKLLKQNS 
GGQEGDFPGR TFSVSPCSPP LPSLWDLPKA GTLPTSGYGN SFGAWYQHHS SDVLASPQMM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.