Details for: GAST

Gene ID: 2520

Symbol: GAST

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184502

Description: gastrin

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 4.04
    Marker Score: 1392
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 2.4
    Marker Score: 15300
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: 2.12
    Marker Score: 3662
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Marker Score: 4877
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Marker Score: 2205
  • Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Marker Score: 4078
  • Cell Name: IgA plasma cell (CL0000987)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 1506
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 1168
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Marker Score: 690.5
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Marker Score: 853
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Marker Score: 1184
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 488
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 7674
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 4807
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Marker Score: 465.5
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 509
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30407
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 463
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2412
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5343
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 374
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2742
  • Cell Name: natural T-regulatory cell (CL0000903)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 469
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 326
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5288
  • Cell Name: activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000906)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 583
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1260
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 708
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 402
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 650
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 428.5
  • Cell Name: memory T cell (CL0000813)
    Fold Change: 0.64
    Marker Score: 273
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 613.5
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 562
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 444
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 175
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 8552
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 1017
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 689
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 1007
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 252
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 442
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of artery (CL1000413)
    Fold Change: 0.39
    Marker Score: 160
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.38
    Marker Score: 215
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.37
    Marker Score: 587
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.36
    Marker Score: 185
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 131
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 0.29
    Marker Score: 124
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 284
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lung (CL0000082)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 1400
  • Cell Name: gamma-delta T cell (CL0000798)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 174
  • Cell Name: capillary endothelial cell (CL0002144)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 270
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 142
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 112
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: IgG plasma cell (CL0000985)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 97
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 213.5
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 96
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 184
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 128
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 114
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 123
  • Cell Name: vein endothelial cell (CL0002543)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 163
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 180
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 44
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 412
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 1914
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 78
  • Cell Name: M cell of gut (CL0000682)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 259
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: large intestine goblet cell (CL1000320)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: type D enteroendocrine cell (CL0000502)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 47
  • Cell Name: parietal cell (CL0000162)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 115
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine (CL0009016)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: precursor cell (CL0011115)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 25
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 288
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 340
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 52
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell (CL0002573)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 162
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 111
  • Cell Name: mature microglial cell (CL0002629)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: GIP cell (CL0002278)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: type I enteroendocrine cell (CL0002277)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 22
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 120
  • Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 393
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 26
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 26
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 24
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 50

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** * GAST is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 120 kDa. * It is synthesized as a pro-gastrin molecule that is processed to remove a signal peptide to produce the mature, secreted form. * Gastrin is a potent stimulator of gastric acid and pepsin production. **Pathways and functions:** * Gastrin binds to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the surface of target cells, primarily G cells. * Upon binding, gastrin activates these GPCRs, which in turn activate the G protein Galpha. * The Galpha-mediated signaling pathway then activates the protein kinase cascade, leading to the phosphorylation of various substrates that regulate gastric acid and pepsin production. * Gastrin also has a role in the regulation of gastrointestinal secretions, including saliva, mucus, and tears. **Clinical significance:** * Mutations in the GAST gene have been linked to various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, ulcers, and esophageal cancer. * Gastrin is also a therapeutic target for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other gastric disorders. * Antagonists and antibodies to gastrin are used as anti-reflux medications. **Additional information:** * Gastrin is also involved in the regulation of gastric acid secretion in the small intestine. * It plays a role in the regulation of inflammation in the stomach and intestines. * Gastrin is a key regulator of gastric acid and pepsin production, which are essential for maintaining normal gastric function.

Genular Protein ID: 917804236

Symbol: GAST_HUMAN

Name: Gastrin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P01350 P78463 P78464

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 8 EMDB 3 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 4 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SAM 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3034736

Title: Expression of human gastrin gene in normal and gastrinoma tissues.

PubMed ID: 3034736

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(86)90338-0

PubMed ID: 6087340

Title: Structural analysis of the gene encoding human gastrin: the large intron contains an Alu sequence.

PubMed ID: 6087340

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.81.15.4662

PubMed ID: 6324077

Title: Molecular cloning of the human gastrin gene.

PubMed ID: 6324077

DOI: 10.1093/nar/11.23.8197

PubMed ID: 6574456

Title: Molecular cloning of human gastrin cDNA: evidence for evolution of gastrin by gene duplication.

PubMed ID: 6574456

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.10.2866

PubMed ID: 6322186

Title: Structure of a human gastrin gene.

PubMed ID: 6322186

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.81.4.1067

PubMed ID: 6689486

Title: Molecular cloning of human gastrin precursor cDNA.

PubMed ID: 6689486

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(83)90035-5

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8055952

Title: Identification of gastrin component I as gastrin-71. The largest possible bioactive progastrin product.

PubMed ID: 8055952

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19051.x

PubMed ID: 5921183

Title: Structures of human gastrins I and II.

PubMed ID: 5921183

DOI: 10.1038/209583b0

PubMed ID: 2730647

Title: Purification and structural determination of urinary NH2-terminal big gastrin fragments.

PubMed ID: 2730647

DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(89)80154-8

PubMed ID: 5822140

Title: Aminoacid constitution of two gastrins isolated from Zollinger-Ellison tumour tissue.

PubMed ID: 5822140

DOI: 10.1136/gut.10.8.603

PubMed ID: 3223964

Title: The human gastrin precursor. Characterization of phosphorylated forms and fragments.

PubMed ID: 3223964

DOI: 10.1042/bj2560951

PubMed ID: 7530658

Title: Post-poly(Glu) cleavage and degradation modified by O-sulfated tyrosine: a novel post-translational processing mechanism.

PubMed ID: 7530658

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07013.x

PubMed ID: 7621822

Title: Tyrosine O-sulfation promotes proteolytic processing of progastrin.

PubMed ID: 7621822

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07310.x

PubMed ID: 11052986

Title: Metabolism and acid secretory effect of sulfated and nonsulfated gastrin-6 in humans.

PubMed ID: 11052986

DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.5.g903

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 101
  • Mass: 11394
  • Checksum: A03C847FCFE7216C
  • Sequence:
    • MQRLCVYVLI FALALAAFSE ASWKPRSQQP DAPLGTGANR DLELPWLEQQ GPASHHRRQL 
GPQGPPHLVA DPSKKQGPWL EEEEEAYGWM DFGRRSAEDE N

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.