Details for: DKK3

Gene ID: 27122

Symbol: DKK3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000050165

Description: dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3

Associated with

  • Adrenal gland development
    (GO:0030325)
  • Anatomical structure morphogenesis
    (GO:0009653)
  • Co-receptor binding
    (GO:0039706)
  • Extracellular space
    (GO:0005615)
  • Negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process
    (GO:0032348)
  • Negative regulation of anti-mullerian hormone signaling pathway
    (GO:1902613)
  • Negative regulation of canonical wnt signaling pathway
    (GO:0090090)
  • Negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process
    (GO:2000065)
  • Negative regulation of dna-templated transcription
    (GO:0045892)
  • Protein binding
    (GO:0005515)
  • Receptor antagonist activity
    (GO:0048019)
  • Regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
    (GO:0017015)
  • Wnt signaling pathway
    (GO:0016055)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 99.2751
    Cell Significance Index: -46.8700
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 97.6967
    Cell Significance Index: -39.6900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 41.5923
    Cell Significance Index: -39.7100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 6.7892
    Cell Significance Index: 870.3400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 4.3730
    Cell Significance Index: 245.3900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 3.7233
    Cell Significance Index: 23.0400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 2.8041
    Cell Significance Index: 34.7800
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 2.7525
    Cell Significance Index: 121.7500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 2.7493
    Cell Significance Index: 523.2100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 2.7429
    Cell Significance Index: 103.8700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 2.7088
    Cell Significance Index: 77.3000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 2.4282
    Cell Significance Index: 163.2700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 2.2171
    Cell Significance Index: 795.2200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.9908
    Cell Significance Index: 399.3500
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.8154
    Cell Significance Index: 179.5900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 1.2368
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 1.1397
    Cell Significance Index: 59.8400
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.9248
    Cell Significance Index: 65.4100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.8468
    Cell Significance Index: 374.3700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.8458
    Cell Significance Index: 137.5600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: 0.8431
    Cell Significance Index: 11.7900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.7884
    Cell Significance Index: 48.4600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.6646
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.5865
    Cell Significance Index: 45.0100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.5622
    Cell Significance Index: 61.1500
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.4228
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.3725
    Cell Significance Index: 51.1600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.3082
    Cell Significance Index: 8.3900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2621
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1300
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.2457
    Cell Significance Index: 4.2100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2293
    Cell Significance Index: 158.5800
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.0572
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0486
    Cell Significance Index: 89.5600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0306
    Cell Significance Index: 47.0900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0154
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0095
    Cell Significance Index: 17.9600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0247
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0250
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0434
    Cell Significance Index: -27.0900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0478
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0602
    Cell Significance Index: -44.1200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0623
    Cell Significance Index: -47.1300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0627
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0662
    Cell Significance Index: -37.3400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0752
    Cell Significance Index: -41.1000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0879
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0929
    Cell Significance Index: -42.1600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.1200
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.1209
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: -0.1226
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1263
    Cell Significance Index: -26.6000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.1307
    Cell Significance Index: -23.5700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1369
    Cell Significance Index: -39.3900
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.1581
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1699
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1807
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1859
    Cell Significance Index: -31.7500
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.2245
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2297
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.2448
    Cell Significance Index: -28.5300
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.2670
    Cell Significance Index: -34.5000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.3377
    Cell Significance Index: -38.5500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.3832
    Cell Significance Index: -43.9000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.4149
    Cell Significance Index: -48.9300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.4252
    Cell Significance Index: -43.4400
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.4357
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.4641
    Cell Significance Index: -48.3200
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.5285
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.5334
    Cell Significance Index: -33.6200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.5815
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.6020
    Cell Significance Index: -44.8700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.6298
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6200
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.6342
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4600
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.7021
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3700
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.7092
    Cell Significance Index: -36.9400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.7350
    Cell Significance Index: -34.5500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.7479
    Cell Significance Index: -48.2500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.7602
    Cell Significance Index: -46.6100
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.7669
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2600
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.8054
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4000
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.8188
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.8264
    Cell Significance Index: -21.7300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.8590
    Cell Significance Index: -44.6200
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.8898
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8700
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.9371
    Cell Significance Index: -32.8300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.9773
    Cell Significance Index: -33.9600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.9884
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0500
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -1.0279
    Cell Significance Index: -25.6400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -1.0528
    Cell Significance Index: -30.1800
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -1.0678
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1600
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -1.1308
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3200
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -1.1651
    Cell Significance Index: -42.7700
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -1.1904
    Cell Significance Index: -18.8900
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -1.1908
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -1.1949
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6900
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -1.2084
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** DKK3 is a small protein that belongs to the dickkopf family of proteins, which are known to inhibit the WNT signaling pathway. The gene is highly expressed in various tissues, including the adrenal gland, pulmonary interstitial fibroblasts, and GABAergic amacrine cells. DKK3 is characterized by its ability to bind to WNT proteins, thereby inhibiting their interaction with frizzled receptors and the canonical WNT signaling pathway. This inhibition leads to the suppression of downstream target genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. **Pathways and Functions:** The WNT signaling pathway is a critical regulator of various cellular processes, including development, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and immune response. DKK3 modulates the activity of this pathway by binding to WNT proteins and inhibiting their interaction with frizzled receptors. This inhibition has far-reaching consequences, affecting the expression of downstream target genes involved in: * **Negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process**: DKK3 inhibits the WNT signaling pathway, which in turn suppresses the expression of genes involved in aldosterone biosynthesis, thereby regulating sodium and potassium balance in the body. * **Negative regulation of anti-mullerian hormone signaling pathway**: DKK3 modulates the WNT signaling pathway, which affects the expression of genes involved in the regulation of anti-mullerian hormone, a key regulator of follicular development and ovulation. * **Negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process**: DKK3 inhibits the WNT signaling pathway, which suppresses the expression of genes involved in cortisol biosynthesis, thereby regulating stress response and glucose metabolism. * **Regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway**: DKK3 modulates the WNT signaling pathway, which affects the expression of genes involved in the regulation of transforming growth factor beta, a key regulator of cell growth, differentiation, and immune response. * **Negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription**: DKK3 inhibits the WNT signaling pathway, which suppresses the expression of genes involved in DNA-templated transcription, thereby regulating cell growth and differentiation. **Clinical Significance:** DKK3 has been implicated in various diseases, including: * **Adrenal gland disorders**: Mutations in the DKK3 gene have been associated with adrenal gland disorders, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia. * **Prostate cancer**: DKK3 has been shown to inhibit the WNT signaling pathway, which may have implications for the development and progression of prostate cancer. * **Immune disorders**: DKK3 modulates the WNT signaling pathway, which affects the expression of genes involved in immune response, making it a potential target for the treatment of immune disorders. * **Neurological disorders**: DKK3 has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where it may play a role in regulating WNT signaling and cellular homeostasis. In conclusion, DKK3 is a critical regulator of the WNT signaling pathway, with far-reaching consequences for various biological processes, including immune response, tissue development, and hormone biosynthesis. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which DKK3 modulates the WNT signaling pathway and its clinical significance in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2775504830

Symbol: DKK3_HUMAN

Name: Dickkopf-related protein 3

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10570958

Title: Functional and structural diversity of the human Dickkopf gene family.

PubMed ID: 10570958

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00365-0

PubMed ID: 10652205

Title: A REIC gene shows down-regulation in human immortalized cells and human tumor-derived cell lines.

PubMed ID: 10652205

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2067

PubMed ID: 11814687

Title: Reduced expression of the REIC/Dkk-3 gene by promoter-hypermethylation in human tumor cells.

PubMed ID: 11814687

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(01)00838-1

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 17143291

Title: Function and biological roles of the Dickkopf family of Wnt modulators.

PubMed ID: 17143291

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210054

PubMed ID: 19838169

Title: Enrichment of glycopeptides for glycan structure and attachment site identification.

PubMed ID: 19838169

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1392

PubMed ID: 23234360

Title: LC-MS/MS characterization of O-glycosylation sites and glycan structures of human cerebrospinal fluid glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 23234360

DOI: 10.1021/pr300963h

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 350
  • Mass: 38390
  • Checksum: 734504122B40AFEE
  • Sequence:
  • MQRLGATLLC LLLAAAVPTA PAPAPTATSA PVKPGPALSY PQEEATLNEM FREVEELMED 
    TQHKLRSAVE EMEAEEAAAK ASSEVNLANL PPSYHNETNT DTKVGNNTIH VHREIHKITN 
    NQTGQMVFSE TVITSVGDEE GRRSHECIID EDCGPSMYCQ FASFQYTCQP CRGQRMLCTR 
    DSECCGDQLC VWGHCTKMAT RGSNGTICDN QRDCQPGLCC AFQRGLLFPV CTPLPVEGEL 
    CHDPASRLLD LITWELEPDG ALDRCPCASG LLCQPHSHSL VYVCKPTFVG SRDQDGEILL 
    PREVPDEYEV GSFMEEVRQE LEDLERSLTE EMALREPAAA AAALLGGEEI

Genular Protein ID: 2089333185

Symbol: F6SYF8_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 364
  • Mass: 39950
  • Checksum: F33FD4CC05CD821E
  • Sequence:
  • MQRLGATLLC LLLAAAVPTA PAPAPTATSA PVKPGPALSY PQEEATLNEM FREVEELMED 
    TQHKLRSAVE EMEAEEAAAK ASSEVNLANL PPSYHNETNT DTKVGNNTIH VHREIHKITN 
    NQTGQMVFSE TVITSVGDEE GRRSHECIID EDCGPSMYCQ FASFQYTCQP CRGQRMLCTR 
    DSECCGDQLC VWGHCTKMAT RGSNGTICDN QRDCQPGLCC AFQRGLLFPV CTPLPVEGEL 
    CHDPASRLLD LITWELEPDG ALDRCPCASG LLCQPHRLPR LEPGFVPSLP SHSLVYVCKP 
    TFVGSRDQDG EILLPREVPD EYEVGSFMEE VRQELEDLER SLTEEMALRE PAAAAAALLG 
    GEEI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.