Details for: ARR3

Gene ID: 407

Symbol: ARR3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000120500

Description: arrestin 3

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.8188
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7600
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: 0.6641
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0500
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.5668
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7300
  • Cell Name: retinal cone cell (CL0000573)
    Fold Change: 0.4998
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.4439
    Cell Significance Index: 27.9800
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: 0.3767
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4900
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.3763
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9000
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: 0.2997
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6400
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: 0.1782
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2600
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: 0.1310
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0100
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: 0.0712
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0000
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 0.0665
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.0663
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.0638
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7100
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6700
  • Cell Name: rod bipolar cell (CL0000751)
    Fold Change: 0.0355
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4100
  • Cell Name: flat midget bipolar cell (CL4033033)
    Fold Change: 0.0249
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.0248
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3000
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: 0.0136
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1700
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: 0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2200
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.0044
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: 6.6400
  • Cell Name: retinal astrocyte (CL4033015)
    Fold Change: 0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0039
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1100
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0017
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: S cone cell (CL0003050)
    Fold Change: -0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0046
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: invaginating midget bipolar cell (CL4033034)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: -0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0072
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4500
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: -0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: -0.0115
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0118
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: -0.0123
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0137
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0162
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0162
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: -0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: amacrine cell (CL0000561)
    Fold Change: -0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0225
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0241
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0255
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0276
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0284
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: -0.0346
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0375
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0400
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.0419
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0420
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: diffuse bipolar 2 cell (CL4033028)
    Fold Change: -0.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0472
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0487
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0495
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0513
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.0528
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.0563
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: -0.0568
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.0569
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0578
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: retina horizontal cell (CL0000745)
    Fold Change: -0.0598
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
  • Cell Name: large intestine goblet cell (CL1000320)
    Fold Change: -0.0600
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: diffuse bipolar 4 cell (CL4033031)
    Fold Change: -0.0612
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
  • Cell Name: macroglial cell (CL0000126)
    Fold Change: -0.0613
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.0615
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0617
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Expression Patterns:** ARR3 is widely expressed in various tissues, including the blood vessel endothelium, epithelial cells of the large and small intestine, plasma cells, and neurons in the cerebral cortex and forebrain. 2. **Cellular Localization:** ARR3 is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and is involved in regulating protein-protein interactions and signaling pathways. 3. **Protein Binding:** ARR3 interacts with numerous proteins, including GPCRs, phosphoproteins, and opsin, to modulate their activity and function. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **GPCR Signaling:** ARR3 is a key regulator of GPCR signaling pathways, which are crucial for various physiological processes, including immune response, neurotransmission, and visual perception. 2. **Visual Perception:** ARR3 plays a critical role in regulating opsin-mediated signaling in photoreceptor cells, which is essential for visual perception. 3. **Immune Regulation:** ARR3 is involved in regulating immune responses by modulating the activity of GPCRs on immune cells, such as endothelial cells and plasma cells. 4. **Signal Transduction:** ARR3 is also involved in regulating signal transduction pathways, including those involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Immune-Related Disorders:** Dysregulation of ARR3 signaling has been implicated in various immune-related disorders, including autoimmune diseases and cancer. 2. **Visual Impairment:** Mutations in ARR3 have been associated with visual impairment and photoreceptor degeneration. 3. **Neurological Disorders:** ARR3 has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where dysregulation of GPCR signaling pathways is thought to contribute to disease progression. 4. **Cancer:** ARR3 may play a role in regulating cancer cell growth and survival by modulating GPCR signaling pathways. In conclusion, ARR3 is a critical gene that regulates various cellular processes, including immune response and visual perception. Further studies are necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which ARR3 modulates these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2571180250

Symbol: ARRC_HUMAN

Name: Arrestin-C

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P36575 B5B0B9 Q5JT23 Q5JT24 Q6IBF5 Q96EN2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 22 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 11 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8224247

Title: X-arrestin: a new retinal arrestin mapping to the X chromosome.

PubMed ID: 8224247

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81712-9

PubMed ID: 8308033

Title: Cone arrestin identified by targeting expression of a functional family.

PubMed ID: 8308033

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)41820-5

PubMed ID: 8612728

Title: Immunolocalization of X-arrestin in human cone photoreceptors.

PubMed ID: 8612728

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00163-9

PubMed ID: 9931451

Title: Isolation and characterization of the human X-arrestin gene.

PubMed ID: 9931451

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(98)00510-1

PubMed ID: 15772651

Title: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome.

PubMed ID: 15772651

DOI: 10.1038/nature03440

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 20048153

Title: Site-specific phosphorylation of CXCR4 is dynamically regulated by multiple kinases and results in differential modulation of CXCR4 signaling.

PubMed ID: 20048153

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.091173

PubMed ID: 35427647

Title: Selective phosphorylation of threonine residues defines GPR84-arrestin interactions of biased ligands.

PubMed ID: 35427647

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101932

PubMed ID: 27829781

Title: cause female-limited early onset high myopia.

PubMed ID: 27829781

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 388
  • Mass: 42778
  • Checksum: 491F4EE4EE1ADA0D
  • Sequence:
    • MSKVFKKTSS NGKLSIYLGK RDFVDHVDTV EPIDGVVLVD PEYLKCRKLF VMLTCAFRYG 
RDDLEVIGLT FRKDLYVQTL QVVPAESSSP QGPLTVLQER LLHKLGDNAY PFTLQMVTNL 
PCSVTLQPGP EDAGKPCGID FEVKSFCAEN PEETVSKRDY VRLVVRKVQF APPEAGPGPS 
AQTIRRFLLS AQPLQLQAWM DREVHYHGEP ISVNVSINNC TNKVIKKIKI SVDQITDVVL 
YSLDKYTKTV FIQEFTETVA ANSSFSQSFA VTPILAASCQ KRGLALDGKL KHEDTNLASS 
TIIRPGMDKE LLGILVSYKV RVNLMVSCGG ILGDLTASDV GVELPLVLIH PKPSHEAASS 
EDIVIEEFTR KGEEESQKAV EAEGDEGS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.