Details for: TRHR

Gene ID: 7201

Symbol: TRHR

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174417

Description: thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.7334
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7700
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: 0.4034
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.3452
    Cell Significance Index: 23.2100
  • Cell Name: ganglion interneuron (CL0000397)
    Fold Change: 0.2358
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9300
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.1390
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4000
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.1158
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9500
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0470
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: 0.0424
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4100
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: 0.0306
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.0193
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2300
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: 0.0099
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9300
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0015
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0045
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0046
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0179
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0179
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0186
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0203
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0219
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0362
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0364
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0383
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: -0.0424
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0440
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0459
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: -0.0472
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.0490
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.0503
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0507
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0800
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.0510
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0519
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.0528
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0534
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.0554
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0559
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0560
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0567
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0595
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: -0.0603
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.0609
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0610
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0641
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.0679
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0699
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: cell of skeletal muscle (CL0000188)
    Fold Change: -0.0726
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0743
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0749
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.0761
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.0767
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: -0.0796
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: immature B cell (CL0000816)
    Fold Change: -0.0803
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.0809
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.0815
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.0818
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0830
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.0840
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000895)
    Fold Change: -0.0881
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: chondrocyte (CL0000138)
    Fold Change: -0.0911
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of endometrium (CL0002255)
    Fold Change: -0.0917
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.0930
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: glial cell (CL0000125)
    Fold Change: -0.0940
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.0955
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.0982
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: immature NK T cell (CL0000914)
    Fold Change: -0.1012
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.1015
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.1016
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: neuroplacodal cell (CL0000032)
    Fold Change: -0.1023
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.1038
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: -0.1062
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: uterine smooth muscle cell (CL0002601)
    Fold Change: -0.1065
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: -0.1087
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.1100
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1500
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1123
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Structure and Function:** TRHR is a G protein-coupled receptor that consists of seven transmembrane domains. Upon binding to TRH, it activates Gq signaling pathways, leading to the activation of phospholipase C and the production of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). 2. **Expression Patterns:** TRHR is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including progenitor cells, plasma cells, cardiac endothelial cells, goblet cells, and immature innate lymphoid cells. This suggests a broad role in tissue development and immune regulation. 3. **Signal Transduction:** TRHR's activation of Gq signaling pathways leads to the activation of various downstream effectors, including phospholipase C, IP3 receptor, and protein kinase C. These signaling events regulate a range of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Gq Signaling Pathway:** TRHR's activation of the Gq signaling pathway is mediated by the exchange of GDP for GTP on the Gq subunit of the G protein complex. This exchange leads to the activation of phospholipase C, which produces IP3 and DAG, resulting in the activation of various downstream effectors. 2. **Immune Regulation:** TRHR's expression in immune cells, including plasma cells and immature innate lymphoid cells, suggests a role in regulating immune responses. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of TRHR in modulating the activity of these cells, potentially influencing the development of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. 3. **Thyroid Function Regulation:** TRHR's activation by TRH is essential for regulating thyroid function, including the stimulation of thyroid hormone release and the inhibition of thyroid hormone degradation. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Autoimmune Disorders:** TRHR's role in regulating immune responses makes it a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune disorders, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. 2. **Inflammatory Disorders:** TRHR's expression in immune cells suggests a potential role in the regulation of inflammatory responses, making it a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. 3. **Neurological Disorders:** TRHR's expression in the nervous system, including cerebral cortex GABAergic interneurons, suggests a potential role in regulating neurological function, making it a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR) is a G protein-coupled receptor with widespread implications in immune regulation, thyroid function regulation, and development. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of TRHR in these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 871779148

Symbol: TRFR_HUMAN

Name: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P34981 Q2M339

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 10 EMDB 4 Ensembl 2 GO 4 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 4 PDBsum 4 PIR 1 PRINTS 3 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8395824

Title: Molecular cloning of a functional human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor.

PubMed ID: 8395824

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.2027

PubMed ID: 8396925

Title: Pituitary adenomas of patients with acromegaly express thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor messenger RNA: cloning and functional expression of the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 8396925

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.2107

PubMed ID: 8243797

Title: Cloning and functional characterisation of the human TRH receptor.

PubMed ID: 8243797

DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(93)90043-j

PubMed ID: 7918619

Title: Molecular cloning and functional expression of a human thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 7918619

DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(94)90046-9

PubMed ID: 8703031

Title: Genomic organization and promoter function of the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 8703031

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.36.22183

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9886052

Title: Structural and functional organization of the gene encoding the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor.

PubMed ID: 9886052

DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720040.x

PubMed ID: 8770906

Title: A disulfide bonding interaction role for cysteines in the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor.

PubMed ID: 8770906

DOI: 10.1210/endo.137.7.8770906

PubMed ID: 9141550

Title: A novel mechanism for isolated central hypothyroidism: inactivating mutations in the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 9141550

DOI: 10.1210/jcem.82.5.3918

PubMed ID: 19213692

Title: A family with complete resistance to thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

PubMed ID: 19213692

DOI: 10.1056/nejmc0808557

PubMed ID: 26735259

Title: A novel thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor missense mutation (P81R) in central congenital hypothyroidism.

PubMed ID: 26735259

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3916

PubMed ID: 28419241

Title: Central hypothyroidism due to a TRHR mutation causing impaired ligand affinity and transactivation of Gq.

PubMed ID: 28419241

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-3977

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 398
  • Mass: 45085
  • Checksum: FE920B5F2E933D3E
  • Sequence:
    • MENETVSELN QTQLQPRAVV ALEYQVVTIL LVLIICGLGI VGNIMVVLVV MRTKHMRTPT 
NCYLVSLAVA DLMVLVAAGL PNITDSIYGS WVYGYVGCLC ITYLQYLGIN ASSCSITAFT 
IERYIAICHP IKAQFLCTFS RAKKIIIFVW AFTSLYCMLW FFLLDLNIST YKDAIVISCG 
YKISRNYYSP IYLMDFGVFY VVPMILATVL YGFIARILFL NPIPSDPKEN SKTWKNDSTH 
QNTNLNVNTS NRCFNSTVSS RKQVTKMLAV VVILFALLWM PYRTLVVVNS FLSSPFQENW 
FLLFCRICIY LNSAINPVIY NLMSQKFRAA FRKLCNCKQK PTEKPANYSV ALNYSVIKES 
DHFSTELDDI TVTDTYLSAT KVSFDDTCLA SEVSFSQS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.