Details for: ZSCAN26

Gene ID: 7741

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: ZSCAN26

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197062

Description: zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 26

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • regulatory T cell CL0000815
    CSI 12.73
    rCSI 14.76%
    PRS 93.08
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 11.76
    rCSI 9.82%
    PRS 92.77
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 8.56
    rCSI 10.38%
    PRS 85.73
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 7.33
    rCSI 10.37%
    PRS 93.87
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 5.42
    rCSI 9.55%
    PRS 95.74
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 3.76
    rCSI 7.55%
    PRS 95.99
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 3.51
    rCSI 4.78%
    PRS 81.22
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 3.28
    rCSI 2.59%
    PRS 96.22
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 3.02
    rCSI 6.89%
    PRS 95.36
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 4.99%
    PRS 96.09
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 3.54%
    PRS 92.43
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 3.45%
    PRS 94.11
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 14.49%
    PRS 95.2
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 2.47
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 93.62
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.74%
    PRS 80.36
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 93.85
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 93.71
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 93.74
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 5.64%
    PRS 93.99
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 3.17%
    PRS 93.56
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.71
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 94.2
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 5.32%
    PRS 94.59
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 3.06%
    PRS 93.24
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 3.59%
    PRS 92.27
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 82.09
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.12
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 93.54
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.03
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 92.56
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.95
    rCSI 3.58%
    PRS 93.26
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.74
    rCSI 4.37%
    PRS 93.53

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6p22.1 that encodes the Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 26. As its name implies, it belongs to the family of zinc finger transcription factors. Functional annotations indicate its primary role involves the regulation of transcription, specifically as a [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific](/details-cell/GO:0000981) ([GO:0000981](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000981)) localized within the [nucleus](/details-cell/GO:0005634) ([GO:0005634](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005634)). **Overall**, expression data reveals that [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) is a highly significant gene in several key immune cell populations, most notably [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815) and [conventional dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000990), suggesting a crucial role in regulating adaptive immune responses. An early study also identified it as a protein that binds to the c-fos serum response element, linking it to cellular response pathways ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.5.2432-2443.1992)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) points to a specialized function predominantly within the immune system, with additional roles in neural and retinal tissues. **Overall**, the gene's significance is highest in cell types critical for adaptive immunity. It shows the most pronounced expression in [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815) (CSI: 12.73) and [conventional dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000990) (CSI: 11.76), suggesting it may be integral to the molecular programs governing immune suppression and antigen presentation, respectively. Its high significance extends to other T cell subsets, including [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) (CSI: 8.56), [helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000912) (CSI: 7.33), and [cytotoxic T cell](/details-cell/CL0000910) (CSI: 2.53), highlighting a broad involvement in T cell biology. Interestingly, [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) also demonstrates significant expression in non-immune cells, particularly within the central nervous system and eye. It is a notable marker in [retinal rod cell](/details-cell/CL0000604) (CSI: 5.42) and various [interneuron](/details-cell/CL0000099) subtypes, including [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018) and [sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017). This expression pattern suggests that [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) may have pleiotropic functions, participating in distinct transcriptional networks in both the immune and nervous systems. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The function of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) is centered on its role as a transcriptional regulator. Gene Ontology annotations classify it as being involved in the [Regulation of dna-templated transcription](/details-cell/GO:0006355) ([GO:0006355](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006355)) and [Regulation of transcription by rna polymerase ii](/details-cell/GO:0006357) ([GO:0006357](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006357)). Its molecular activity is defined by its ability to bind DNA ([RNA polymerase ii cis-regulatory region sequence-specific dna binding](/details-cell/GO:0000978) ([GO:0000978](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000978))) and [metal ion binding](/details-cell/GO:0046872) ([GO:0046872](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0046872)), which is characteristic of its zinc finger domains. These functions are consistent with its localization to the [nucleus](/details-cell/GO:0005634) ([GO:0005634](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005634)) and [nucleoplasm](/details-cell/GO:0005654) ([GO:0005654](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005654)). The high expression of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) in [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815) suggests it may act downstream of key signaling pathways to enforce the suppressive transcriptional program, possibly interacting with or regulating master regulators like FOXP3. Similarly, in [conventional dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000990), it may control the expression of genes involved in antigen processing, costimulatory molecule expression, or cytokine production following pathogen sensing. ## Research Directions The specific roles of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741), particularly its function as a transcriptional regulator in distinct and highly specialized cell types, present several avenues for future investigation. ### Testable Hypotheses 1. **[ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) is a critical transcription factor for establishing or maintaining the identity and suppressive function of [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815).** Its high specificity in this lineage suggests it may regulate a unique gene expression program essential for immune tolerance. 2. **In [conventional dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000990), [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) orchestrates transcriptional changes required for dendritic cell maturation and T cell activation.** It may control the upregulation of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules like CD80/CD86 upon antigen uptake. 3. **The high expression of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) in [retinal rod cell](/details-cell/CL0000604) indicates a novel, non-immunological function in photoreceptor biology.** It could be involved in regulating genes related to phototransduction, cellular metabolism, or structural integrity necessary for vision. ### Key Experiments To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) in regulatory T cells, a definitive experiment would involve targeted gene disruption. One could utilize CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) in primary human CD4+ T cells. These cells would then be cultured under Treg-polarizing conditions (e.g., stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28, IL-2, and TGF-beta). The effect of the knockout could be assessed by: * **RNA-sequencing** to identify differentially expressed genes and determine if the core Treg transcriptional signature is compromised. * **Flow cytometry** to quantify the expression of key Treg markers such as FOXP3, CTLA-4, and CD25. * **In vitro suppression assays** to functionally test whether [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741)-deficient Tregs are capable of suppressing the proliferation of conventional T cells. ### Therapeutic Potential As an intracellular transcription factor, [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) is a challenging direct therapeutic target for conventional biologics or small molecules. However, its high significance in [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815) makes it an attractive candidate for indirect modulation in immunotherapy. For cancer treatment, developing strategies to inhibit [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) function specifically within tumor-infiltrating Tregs could destabilize their suppressive phenotype and enhance anti-tumor immunity. Conversely, for autoimmune diseases, technologies that could enhance the expression or activity of [ZSCAN26](/details-gene/7741) in T cells could be explored to bolster the Treg population. This positions it as a potential target for advanced therapeutic modalities like targeted epigenetic modifiers or cell-based therapies.

Genular Protein ID: 1831542436

Symbol: ZSC26_HUMAN

Name: Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 26

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1569959

Title: Expression cloning of a novel zinc finger protein that binds to the c-fos serum response element.

PubMed ID: 1569959

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.12.5.2432-2443.1992

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 478
  • Mass: 55254
  • Checksum: 91D1230831FC5C77
  • Sequence:
  • MATALVSAHS LAPLNLKKEG LRVVREDHYS TWEQGFKLQG NSKGLGQEPL CKQFRQLRYE 
    ETTGPREALS RLRELCQQWL QPETHTKEQI LELLVLEQFL IILPKELQAR VQEHHPESRE 
    DVVVVLEDLQ LDLGETGQQD PDQPKKQKIL VEEMAPLKGV QEQQVRHECE VTKPEKEKGE 
    ETRIENGKLI VVTDSCGRVE SSGKISEPME AHNEGSNLER HQAKPKEKIE YKCSEREQRF 
    IQHLDLIEHA STHTGKKLCE SDVCQSSSLT GHKKVLSREK GHQCHECGKA FQRSSHLVRH 
    QKIHLGEKPY QCNECGKVFS QNAGLLEHLR IHTGEKPYLC IHCGKNFRRS SHLNRHQRIH 
    SQEEPCECKE CGKTFSQALL LTHHQRIHSH SKSHQCNECG KAFSLTSDLI RHHRIHTGEK 
    PFKCNICQKA FRLNSHLAQH VRIHNEEKPY QCSECGEAFR QRSGLFQHQR YHHKDKLA

Genular Protein ID: 3696038517

Symbol: B4DVH3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 479
  • Mass: 55309
  • Checksum: 892B88F842E2F7F2
  • Sequence:
  • MATALVSAHS LAPLNLKKEG LRVVREDHYS TWEQGFKLQG NSKGLGQEPL CKQFRQLRYE 
    ETTGPREALS RLRELCQQWL QPETHTKEQI LELLVLEQFL IILPKELQAR VQEHHPESRE 
    DVVVVLEDLQ LDLGETGQQV DPDQPKKQKI LVEEMAPLKG VQEQQVRHEC EVTKPEKEKG 
    EETRIENGKL IVVTDSCGRV ESSGKISEPM EAHNEGSNLE RHQAKPKEKI EYKCSEREQR 
    FIQHLDLIEH ASTHTGKKLC ESDVCQSSSL TGHKKVLSRE KGHQCHECGK AFQRSSHLVR 
    HQKIHLGEKP YQCNECGKVF SQNAGLLEHL KIHTGEKPYL CIHCGKNFRR SSHLNRHQRI 
    HSQEEPCECK ESGKTFSQAL LLTHHQRIHS HSKSHQCNEC GKAFSLTSDL IRHHRIHTGE 
    KPFKCNICQK AFRLNSHLAQ HVRIHNEEKP YQCSECGEAF RQRSGLFQHQ RYHHKDKLA

Genular Protein ID: 536324648

Symbol: B4DMT1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 270
  • Mass: 31484
  • Checksum: 7EE0EBDEFFB9AE18
  • Sequence:
  • MEAHNEGSNL ERHQAKPKEK IEYKCSEREQ RFIQHLDLIE HASTHTGKKL CESDVCQSSS 
    LTGHKKVLSR EKGHQCHECG KAFQRSSHLV RHQKIHLGEK PYQCNECGKV FSQNAGLLEH 
    LRIHTGEKPY LCIHCGKNFR RSSHLNRHQR IHSQEEPCEC KECGKTFSQA LLLTHHQRIH 
    SHSKSHQCNE CGKAFSLTSD LIRHHRIHTG EKPFKCNICQ KAFRLNSHLA QHVRIHNEEK 
    PYQCSECGEA FRQRSGLFQH QRYHHKDKLA

Genular Protein ID: 3009364094

Symbol: B3KTR1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 344
  • Mass: 39637
  • Checksum: 0AF0C3A7B2254CF8
  • Sequence:
  • MATALDPDQP KKQKILVEEM APLKGVQEQQ VRHECEVTKP EKEKGEETRI ENGKLIVVTD 
    SCGRVESSGK ISEPMEAHNE GSNLERHQAK PKEKIEYKCS EREQRFIQHL DLIEHASTHT 
    GKKLCESDVC QSSSLTGHKK VLSREKGHQC HECGKAFQRS SHLVRHQKIH LGEKPYQCNE 
    CGKVFSQNAG LLEHLRIHTG EKPCLCIHCG KNFRRSSHLN RHQRIHSQEE PCECKECGKT 
    FSQALLLTHH QRIHSHSKSH QCNECGKAFS LTSDLIRHHR IHTGEKPFKC NICQKAFRLN 
    SHLAQHVRIH NEEKPYQCSE CGEAFRQRSG LFQHQRYHHK DKLA

Genular Protein ID: 1257127357

Symbol: A0A024RCN4_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 479
  • Mass: 55353
  • Checksum: 7B5A577CC0818814
  • Sequence:
  • MATALVSAHS LAPLNLKKEG LRVVREDHYS TWEQGFKLQG NSKGLGQEPL CKQFRQLRYE 
    ETTGPREALS RLRELCQQWL QPETHTKEQI LELLVLEQFL IILPKELQAR VQEHHPESRE 
    DVVVVLEDLQ LDLGETGQQV DPDQPKKQKI LVEEMAPLKG VQEQQVRHEC EVTKPEKEKG 
    EETRIENGKL IVVTDSCGRV ESSGKISEPM EAHNEGSNLE RHQAKPKEKI EYKCSEREQR 
    FIQHLDLIEH ASTHTGKKLC ESDVCQSSSL TGHKKVLSRE KGHQCHECGK AFQRSSHLVR 
    HQKIHLGEKP YQCNECGKVF SQNAGLLEHL RIHTGEKPYL CIHCGKNFRR SSHLNRHQRI 
    HSQEEPCECK ECGKTFSQAL LLTHHQRIHS HSKSHQCNEC GKAFSLTSDL IRHHRIHTGE 
    KPFKCNICQK AFRLNSHLAQ HVRIHNEEKP YQCSECGEAF RQRSGLFQHQ RYHHKDKLA

Genular Protein ID: 4142544822

Symbol: A0A087X2F1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 344
  • Mass: 39697
  • Checksum: 0AF0D37DDE0D300A
  • Sequence:
  • MATALDPDQP KKQKILVEEM APLKGVQEQQ VRHECEVTKP EKEKGEETRI ENGKLIVVTD 
    SCGRVESSGK ISEPMEAHNE GSNLERHQAK PKEKIEYKCS EREQRFIQHL DLIEHASTHT 
    GKKLCESDVC QSSSLTGHKK VLSREKGHQC HECGKAFQRS SHLVRHQKIH LGEKPYQCNE 
    CGKVFSQNAG LLEHLRIHTG EKPYLCIHCG KNFRRSSHLN RHQRIHSQEE PCECKECGKT 
    FSQALLLTHH QRIHSHSKSH QCNECGKAFS LTSDLIRHHR IHTGEKPFKC NICQKAFRLN 
    SHLAQHVRIH NEEKPYQCSE CGEAFRQRSG LFQHQRYHHK DKLA