Details for: HRK

Gene ID: 8739

Symbol: HRK

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135116

Description: harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 46.5459
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 28.6623
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2700
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 5.8802
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 3.5822
    Cell Significance Index: 59.0300
  • Cell Name: centroblast (CL0009112)
    Fold Change: 2.2224
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 1.9341
    Cell Significance Index: 28.9800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 1.8726
    Cell Significance Index: 40.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 1.5918
    Cell Significance Index: 97.6000
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 0.6084
    Cell Significance Index: 8.6600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.6056
    Cell Significance Index: 115.2400
  • Cell Name: chromaffin cell (CL0000166)
    Fold Change: 0.5791
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.4783
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.4621
    Cell Significance Index: 92.6900
  • Cell Name: L5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030064)
    Fold Change: 0.3835
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.3522
    Cell Significance Index: 23.6800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.3112
    Cell Significance Index: 30.7900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.2979
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3500
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 0.2852
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.2729
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2526
    Cell Significance Index: 228.0600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.2178
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.2156
    Cell Significance Index: 23.4500
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2106
    Cell Significance Index: 24.8400
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1595
    Cell Significance Index: 25.9500
  • Cell Name: pyramidal neuron (CL0000598)
    Fold Change: 0.1447
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1433
    Cell Significance Index: 51.4000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.1155
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8000
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.1001
    Cell Significance Index: 28.7900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.0860
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0823
    Cell Significance Index: 51.4100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0647
    Cell Significance Index: 35.3500
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0489
    Cell Significance Index: 33.8100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 0.0292
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.0018
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0075
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0148
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0171
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8400
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0262
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0394
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0484
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0529
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0606
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0614
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5500
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0660
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0685
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0708
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0731
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0756
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0871
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0883
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0933
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1002
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2800
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1086
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1129
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1135
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1186
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1230
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1251
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.1293
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1310
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1313
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1359
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: -0.1362
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1365
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.1465
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1497
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6700
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.1604
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1400
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.1606
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7500
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1687
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.1730
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1774
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0400
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.1793
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.1860
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1875
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8200
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.1893
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7600
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.1931
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2004
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3700
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2013
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3900
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2084
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1200
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -0.2212
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** HRK is a pro-apoptotic protein that interacts with the BCL2 family of proteins, specifically BCL2, to induce apoptosis. It is a member of the death domain protein family and contains a death domain (DD) and a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). These domains enable HRK to interact with other proteins and initiate the apoptotic cascade. HRK is also known for its ability to activate caspase-8, a key initiator caspase in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. **Pathways and Functions:** HRK plays a central role in the regulation of apoptosis through its interaction with BCL2 and other pro-apoptotic proteins. The HRK-BCL2 interaction triggers the activation of caspase-8, which in turn activates downstream caspases, leading to the execution of cell death. HRK also regulates the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, a critical step in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, HRK interacts with other proteins, such as TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2, to activate the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In addition to its role in apoptosis, HRK is involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. It is highly expressed in stem cells and progenitor cells, where it ensures the proper differentiation and death of cells. HRK is also involved in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in the context of dendritic cell function. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of HRK has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. For example, HRK mutations have been associated with lymphoma and leukemia, highlighting the importance of HRK in regulating apoptosis and immune homeostasis. Additionally, HRK has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In the context of immunology, HRK is critical for the development and function of immune cells, including dendritic cells and T cells. Dysregulation of HRK has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, where the balance between apoptosis and survival of immune cells is disrupted. In conclusion, HRK is a vital regulator of apoptosis and cellular homeostasis, with significant implications for our understanding of various diseases. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which HRK regulates apoptosis and immune responses, with the ultimate goal of developing novel therapeutic strategies to target HRK dysregulation in disease. **References:** * [Insert relevant references to support the discussion] Note: The references section should include a list of relevant studies that support the discussion on HRK and its role in apoptosis, cellular homeostasis, and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 1265614745

Symbol: HRK_HUMAN

Name: Activator of apoptosis harakiri

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O00198

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 ELM 1 EMBL 2 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 4 PDBsum 4 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9130713

Title: Harakiri, a novel regulator of cell death, encodes a protein that activates apoptosis and interacts selectively with survival-promoting proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L).

PubMed ID: 9130713

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/16.7.1686

PubMed ID: 16541075

Title: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 16541075

DOI: 10.1038/nature04569

PubMed ID: 15031724

Title: Physical and functional interaction between BH3-only protein Hrk and mitochondrial pore-forming protein p32.

PubMed ID: 15031724

DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401418

PubMed ID: 21731739

Title: Intrinsic order and disorder in the BCL-2 member harakiri: insights into its proapoptotic activity.

PubMed ID: 21731739

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021413

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 91
  • Mass: 9884
  • Checksum: 22E45FA2B0B7AA00
  • Sequence:
    • MCPCPLHRGR GPPAVCACSA GRLGLRSSAA QLTAARLKAL GDELHQRTMW RRRARSRRAP 
APGALPTYWP WLCAAAQVAA LAAWLLGRRN L

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.