Details for: GALNT2

Gene ID: 2590

Symbol: GALNT2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143641

Description: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 310.8421
    Cell Significance Index: -48.3500
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 184.4322
    Cell Significance Index: -46.7800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 112.1213
    Cell Significance Index: -52.9400
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 107.8873
    Cell Significance Index: -43.8300
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 98.0782
    Cell Significance Index: -50.4500
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 45.9338
    Cell Significance Index: -43.8600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 40.7476
    Cell Significance Index: -50.2400
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 18.8196
    Cell Significance Index: -50.4200
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 14.1393
    Cell Significance Index: -30.9500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 12.9142
    Cell Significance Index: -50.9600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 4.7594
    Cell Significance Index: 127.5300
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.7133
    Cell Significance Index: 37.0200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 2.5977
    Cell Significance Index: 515.5300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 2.2268
    Cell Significance Index: 798.7100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.9693
    Cell Significance Index: 395.0300
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.8825
    Cell Significance Index: 31.7100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 1.2375
    Cell Significance Index: 211.3100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 1.1897
    Cell Significance Index: 30.5800
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 1.1660
    Cell Significance Index: 75.2300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 1.0914
    Cell Significance Index: 754.8800
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: 0.8795
    Cell Significance Index: 21.4600
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.7944
    Cell Significance Index: 44.5800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.7049
    Cell Significance Index: 17.6200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6940
    Cell Significance Index: 626.6000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.6187
    Cell Significance Index: 38.0300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.5655
    Cell Significance Index: 101.9500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.5506
    Cell Significance Index: 42.2600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.5043
    Cell Significance Index: 62.0100
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.4533
    Cell Significance Index: 697.7700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4453
    Cell Significance Index: 30.8000
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.3238
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.3024
    Cell Significance Index: 165.1600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.2898
    Cell Significance Index: 534.4900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.2684
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2485
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2201
    Cell Significance Index: 30.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.1960
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.1807
    Cell Significance Index: 11.3900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.1755
    Cell Significance Index: 330.3600
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.1387
    Cell Significance Index: 188.5300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.1286
    Cell Significance Index: 6.6800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1209
    Cell Significance Index: 11.9600
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.1181
    Cell Significance Index: 75.0000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0920
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0721
    Cell Significance Index: 31.8800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.0636
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4100
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0539
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0475
    Cell Significance Index: 21.5800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1900
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0393
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3800
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.0365
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.0186
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0075
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6600
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0250
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0350
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: -0.0403
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0536
    Cell Significance Index: -39.2900
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0543
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0684
    Cell Significance Index: -38.5700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0774
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1142
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1259
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1400
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1311
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3500
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.1369
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1507
    Cell Significance Index: -17.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1534
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1555
    Cell Significance Index: -44.7300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.1664
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1940
    Cell Significance Index: -25.0600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2352
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2462
    Cell Significance Index: -28.2100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2595
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2000
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.3110
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.3334
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.3391
    Cell Significance Index: -38.7100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3930
    Cell Significance Index: -40.9200
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.4282
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.4317
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9600
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.4982
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.5965
    Cell Significance Index: -47.2400
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.6262
    Cell Significance Index: -44.2900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.6293
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.6411
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.6772
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6900
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.6888
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6200
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.7156
    Cell Significance Index: -43.8700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.7343
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.8194
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.8407
    Cell Significance Index: -44.1400
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.8582
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.8958
    Cell Significance Index: -23.9600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.8982
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0300
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.9045
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1600
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.9199
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.9239
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3000
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.9544
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** GALNT2 is a type II transmembrane glycosyltransferase, consisting of 12 exons that encode a 1,013-amino acid protein. The enzyme exhibits a high degree of homology with other glycosyltransferases, including GALNT1, which shares 88% sequence identity. GALNT2 is predominantly expressed in the Golgi apparatus and is involved in the processing of various proteins, including mucins, which are essential components of the extracellular matrix and play roles in tissue architecture and function. **Pathways and Functions:** GALNT2 is uniquely positioned to participate in multiple cellular processes, including: 1. **O-Linked Glycosylation:** GALNT2 catalyzes the transfer of GalNAc to serine or threonine residues on target proteins, resulting in the formation of O-linked glycans. These glycans play a critical role in protein maturation, cell signaling, and cell-cell interactions. 2. **Protein Maturation:** GALNT2 is involved in the maturation of various proteins, including mucins, which are essential components of the extracellular matrix. 3. **Cell Signaling:** O-linked glycans formed by GALNT2 can serve as ligands for cell surface receptors, modulating cell signaling pathways. 4. **Cell-Cell Interactions:** Glycans formed by GALNT2 can facilitate cell-cell interactions, influencing cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of GALNT2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Alzheimer's Disease:** Reduced GALNT2 expression has been observed in Alzheimer's disease brains, suggesting a potential link between GALNT2 dysfunction and disease progression. 2. **Cancer:** GALNT2 has been shown to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including colon and breast cancer, where it may contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. 3. **Neurological Disorders:** GALNT2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In conclusion, GALNT2 is a critical enzyme involved in the processing of glycosylated proteins and plays a vital role in various cellular processes, including O-linked glycosylation, protein maturation, cell signaling, and cell-cell interactions. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the functions of GALNT2 and its clinical significance in disease.

Genular Protein ID: 1313190343

Symbol: GALT2_HUMAN

Name: Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7592619

Title: Purification and cDNA cloning of a human UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase.

PubMed ID: 7592619

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.41.24156

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9295285

Title: Substrate specificities of three members of the human UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family, GalNAc-T1, -T2, and -T3.

PubMed ID: 9295285

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.38.23503

PubMed ID: 9394011

Title: Localization of three human polypeptide GalNAc-transferases in HeLa cells suggests initiation of O-linked glycosylation throughout the Golgi apparatus.

PubMed ID: 9394011

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.111.1.45

PubMed ID: 12438318

Title: Initiation of O-glycan synthesis in IgA1 hinge region is determined by a single enzyme, UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2.

PubMed ID: 12438318

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m211097200

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 37453717

Title: Mapping the Human Chondroitin Sulfate Glycoproteome Reveals an Unexpected Correlation Between Glycan Sulfation and Attachment Site Characteristics.

PubMed ID: 37453717

DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100617

PubMed ID: 16434399

Title: Dynamic association between the catalytic and lectin domains of human UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-2.

PubMed ID: 16434399

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513590200

PubMed ID: 24954443

Title: Substrate-guided front-face reaction revealed by combined structural snapshots and metadynamics for the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase2.

PubMed ID: 24954443

DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402781

PubMed ID: 25939779

Title: Dynamic interplay between catalytic and lectin domains of GalNAc-transferases modulates protein O-glycosylation.

PubMed ID: 25939779

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7937

PubMed ID: 27508872

Title: Loss of function of GALNT2 lowers high-density lipoproteins in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents.

PubMed ID: 27508872

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.07.012

PubMed ID: 32293671

Title: Novel congenital disorder of O-linked glycosylation caused by GALNT2 loss of function.

PubMed ID: 32293671

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa063

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 571
  • Mass: 64733
  • Checksum: D9A0F5D17C55BAF2
  • Sequence:
  • MRRRSRMLLC FAFLWVLGIA YYMYSGGGSA LAGGAGGGAG RKEDWNEIDP IKKKDLHHSN 
    GEEKAQSMET LPPGKVRWPD FNQEAYVGGT MVRSGQDPYA RNKFNQVESD KLRMDRAIPD 
    TRHDQCQRKQ WRVDLPATSV VITFHNEARS ALLRTVVSVL KKSPPHLIKE IILVDDYSND 
    PEDGALLGKI EKVRVLRNDR REGLMRSRVR GADAAQAKVL TFLDSHCECN EHWLEPLLER 
    VAEDRTRVVS PIIDVINMDN FQYVGASADL KGGFDWNLVF KWDYMTPEQR RSRQGNPVAP 
    IKTPMIAGGL FVMDKFYFEE LGKYDMMMDV WGGENLEISF RVWQCGGSLE IIPCSRVGHV 
    FRKQHPYTFP GGSGTVFARN TRRAAEVWMD EYKNFYYAAV PSARNVPYGN IQSRLELRKK 
    LSCKPFKWYL ENVYPELRVP DHQDIAFGAL QQGTNCLDTL GHFADGVVGV YECHNAGGNQ 
    EWALTKEKSV KHMDLCLTVV DRAPGSLIKL QGCRENDSRQ KWEQIEGNSK LRHVGSNLCL 
    DSRTAKSGGL SVEVCGPALS QQWKFTLNLQ Q

Genular Protein ID: 336674727

Symbol: B7Z6K2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 533
  • Mass: 60826
  • Checksum: C8166676727BF4BF
  • Sequence:
  • MADREDWNEI DPIKKKDLHH SNGEEKAQSM ETLPPGKVRW PDFNQEAYVG GTMVRSGQDP 
    YARNKFNQVE SDKLRMDRAI PDTRHDQCQR KQWRVDLPAT SVVITFHNEA RSALLRTVVS 
    VLKKSPPHLI KEIILVDDYS NDPEDGALLG KIEKVRVLRN DRREGLMRSR VRGADAAQAK 
    VLTFLDSHCE CNEHWLEPLL ERVAEDRTRV VSPIIDVINM DNFQYVGASA DLKGGFDWNL 
    VFKWDYMTPE QRRSRQGNPV APIKTPMIAG GLFVMDKFYF EELGKYDMMM DVWGGENLEI 
    SFRVWQCGGS LEIIPCSRVG HVFRKQHPYT FPGGSGTVFA RNTRRAAEVW MDEYKNFYYA 
    AVPSARNVPY GNIQSRLELR KKLSCKPFKW YLENVYPELR VPDHQDIAFG ALQQGTNCLD 
    TLGHFADGVV GVYECHNAGG NQEWALTKEK SVKHMDLCLT VVDRAPGSLI KLQGCRENDS 
    RQKWEQIEGN SKLRHVGSNL CLDSRTAKSG GLSVEMCGPA LSQQWKFTLN LQQ

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.