Details for: PCK2

Gene ID: 5106

Symbol: PCK2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100889

Description: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 52.3963
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1500
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 35.0492
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8900
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 28.3072
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 25.5442
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0600
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 25.1368
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9300
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 12.0975
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 8.6459
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6600
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 4.3974
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 2.8053
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 2.5509
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8400
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 2.4041
    Cell Significance Index: 144.3300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 1.8533
    Cell Significance Index: 30.5400
  • Cell Name: liver dendritic cell (CL2000055)
    Fold Change: 1.8158
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7900
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.6640
    Cell Significance Index: 24.5600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.3248
    Cell Significance Index: 60.0500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.2199
    Cell Significance Index: 1101.4700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 1.1971
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 1.0077
    Cell Significance Index: 15.1000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.7150
    Cell Significance Index: 19.1300
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.7014
    Cell Significance Index: 9.5700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.6932
    Cell Significance Index: 36.0100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.6337
    Cell Significance Index: 68.9300
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 0.6146
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.5691
    Cell Significance Index: 92.5600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.5141
    Cell Significance Index: 50.8600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4993
    Cell Significance Index: 99.0800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.4042
    Cell Significance Index: 22.6800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.3700
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.3526
    Cell Significance Index: 7.5100
  • Cell Name: colonocyte (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 0.3511
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3285
    Cell Significance Index: 62.5200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.2913
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.2756
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8900
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.2686
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.2626
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.2547
    Cell Significance Index: 45.9200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.2454
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.2370
    Cell Significance Index: 29.1400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.1778
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8400
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.1729
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1718
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9500
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.1702
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1666
    Cell Significance Index: 28.4500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: 0.1312
    Cell Significance Index: 14.9800
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.1231
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.1185
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4700
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.1091
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0990
    Cell Significance Index: 54.0900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0930
    Cell Significance Index: 6.5800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0924
    Cell Significance Index: 40.8700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0834
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6900
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.0727
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8600
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.0726
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.0620
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0533
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.0445
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4100
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0439
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0370
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0271
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0245
    Cell Significance Index: 18.5600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: 10.8300
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0148
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7800
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0064
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6300
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0095
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0106
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0139
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0223
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0240
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9100
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0286
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2400
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.0391
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0402
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0457
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0525
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0665
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0695
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0905
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.0941
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1027
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1130
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1181
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: -0.1257
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.1296
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: -0.1405
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: -0.1477
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1630
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PCK2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a crucial step in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. This enzyme is highly specific, with a high degree of substrate affinity and a low Km value, indicating its optimal activity at physiological concentrations of oxaloacetate. PCK2 is also highly regulated by various factors, including glucose, insulin, and glucagon, which modulate its activity to maintain energy balance. **Pathways and Functions:** PCK2 is involved in several key metabolic pathways, including: 1. **Gluconeogenesis:** PCK2 is essential for the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. 2. **Glucose Metabolism:** PCK2 plays a critical role in the regulation of glucose flux between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, ensuring proper energy homeostasis. 3. **Glycerol Biosynthesis:** PCK2 is involved in the conversion of glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate, a key step in the synthesis of triglycerides. 4. **Mitochondrial Matrix Metabolism:** PCK2 is a key enzyme in the mitochondrial matrix, where it regulates the flux between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of PCK2 has been implicated in various metabolic disorders, including: 1. **Type 2 Diabetes:** PCK2 has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, and its dysfunction has been linked to impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance. 2. **Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD):** PCK2 has been implicated in the development of NAFLD, a condition characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. 3. **Cancer:** PCK2 has been shown to be overexpressed in various types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer, suggesting its potential role in tumor growth and progression. **Conclusion:** In conclusion, PCK2 is a critical enzyme that plays a vital role in regulating metabolic pathways, including gluconeogenesis, glucose metabolism, and glycerol biosynthesis. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, NAFLD, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which PCK2 regulates metabolic function and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 1760987821

Symbol: PCKGM_HUMAN

Name: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q16822 B4DW73 O43253 Q86U01 Q9BV62

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 26 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 8 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 19 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HAMAP 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 3 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 4 Rhea 2 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 2 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8645161

Title: Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of the cDNA of the mitochondrial form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from human liver.

PubMed ID: 8645161

DOI: 10.1042/bj3150807

PubMed ID: 9657976

Title: Human mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 gene. Structure, chromosomal localization and tissue-specific expression.

PubMed ID: 9657976

DOI: 10.1042/bj3330359

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12508121

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.

PubMed ID: 12508121

DOI: 10.1038/nature01348

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 28955899

Title: Kinetic and functional properties of human mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.

PubMed ID: 28955899

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.06.007

PubMed ID: 36845668

Title: Biallelic pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase cause peripheral neuropathy.

PubMed ID: 36845668

DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100182

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 640
  • Mass: 70699
  • Checksum: DCE561252EBF8871
  • Sequence:
    • MAALYRPGLR LNWHGLSPLG WPSCRSIQTL RVLSGDLGQL PTGIRDFVEH SARLCQPEGI 
HICDGTEAEN TATLTLLEQQ GLIRKLPKYN NCWLARTDPK DVARVESKTV IVTPSQRDTV 
PLPPGGARGQ LGNWMSPADF QRAVDERFPG CMQGRTMYVL PFSMGPVGSP LSRIGVQLTD 
SAYVVASMRI MTRLGTPVLQ ALGDGDFVKC LHSVGQPLTG QGEPVSQWPC NPEKTLIGHV 
PDQREIISFG SGYGGNSLLG KKCFALRIAS RLARDEGWLA EHMLILGITS PAGKKRYVAA 
AFPSACGKTN LAMMRPALPG WKVECVGDDI AWMRFDSEGR LRAINPENGF FGVAPGTSAT 
TNPNAMATIQ SNTIFTNVAE TSDGGVYWEG IDQPLPPGVT VTSWLGKPWK PGDKEPCAHP 
NSRFCAPARQ CPIMDPAWEA PEGVPIDAII FGGRRPKGVP LVYEAFNWRH GVFVGSAMRS 
ESTAAAEHKG KIIMHDPFAM RPFFGYNFGH YLEHWLSMEG RKGAQLPRIF HVNWFRRDEA 
GHFLWPGFGE NARVLDWICR RLEGEDSARE TPIGLVPKEG ALDLSGLRAI DTTQLFSLPK 
DFWEQEVRDI RSYLTEQVNQ DLPKEVLAEL EALERRVHKM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.