Details for: KRT81

Gene ID: 3887

Symbol: KRT81

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000205426

Description: keratin 81

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 10.5053
    Cell Significance Index: 369.1400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 4.9422
    Cell Significance Index: 142.4000
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: 4.5964
    Cell Significance Index: 51.3700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 4.4122
    Cell Significance Index: 270.5100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 2.2535
    Cell Significance Index: 72.1800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.1903
    Cell Significance Index: 226.5200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.9996
    Cell Significance Index: 98.8900
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.9307
    Cell Significance Index: 14.0300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.7498
    Cell Significance Index: 677.0600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.5765
    Cell Significance Index: 74.4800
  • Cell Name: granular cell of epidermis (CL0002189)
    Fold Change: 0.5733
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6600
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 0.5543
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.5404
    Cell Significance Index: 11.5100
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.5155
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.5106
    Cell Significance Index: 83.0500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.4442
    Cell Significance Index: 48.3200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.3513
    Cell Significance Index: 16.5100
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2202
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2300
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.1769
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.1424
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0978
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5600
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 0.0422
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7700
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0083
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3100
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0069
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0148
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0162
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0178
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0180
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.0245
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0250
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0327
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0328
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0341
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0388
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0392
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3800
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0477
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8700
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.0503
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0565
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0583
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0638
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0773
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0782
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0855
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8000
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0937
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0937
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0951
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0959
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0999
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5000
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1010
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1015
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5500
  • Cell Name: activated type II NK T cell (CL0000931)
    Fold Change: -0.1172
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1246
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9900
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.1267
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1287
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1318
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.1340
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1399
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1200
  • Cell Name: tendon cell (CL0000388)
    Fold Change: -0.1449
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1508
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6700
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1607
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1698
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1720
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1759
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1769
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.1790
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5400
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1800
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8900
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1851
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1875
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1921
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2300
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1945
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8500
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1955
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1500
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.1963
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9400
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.2007
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2500
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: -0.2014
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2800
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.2020
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.2037
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4600
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.2039
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8200
  • Cell Name: mammary gland epithelial cell (CL0002327)
    Fold Change: -0.2085
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.2088
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3400
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2106
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2600
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.2116
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.2195
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Expression Pattern:** KRT81 is widely expressed in various epithelial cells, including those of the skin, mammary gland, and large intestine, as well as in immune cells such as decidual natural killer cells and NKp44-positive group 3 innate lymphoid cells. 2. **Filament Organization:** KRT81 forms dimers and associates with other keratin subunits to create intermediate filaments that provide mechanical support and resistance to cellular stress. 3. **Protein-Protein Interactions:** KRT81 interacts with various proteins, including keratins, intermediate filament-associated proteins, and cytoskeletal components, to regulate filament assembly, dynamics, and stability. 4. **Cellular Localization:** KRT81 is primarily localized to the cytosol and perinuclear regions, where it interacts with other proteins and regulates cellular processes. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Keratinization and Epithelial Differentiation:** KRT81 is essential for the formation and maintenance of the cornified envelope, a specialized structure that confers mechanical strength and resistance to desiccation in stratified epithelia. 2. **Cell Signaling and Interaction:** KRT81 interacts with various signaling pathways, including the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, to regulate cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. 3. **Immune Cell Function:** KRT81 is expressed in immune cells, where it regulates the function and differentiation of these cells, including the development of innate lymphoid cells. 4. **Cytoskeletal Dynamics:** KRT81 regulates the assembly and disassembly of intermediate filaments, which is crucial for maintaining cellular shape, structure, and function. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Skin Disorders:** Mutations in KRT81 have been associated with skin disorders, such as epidermolysis bullosa simplex and ichthyosis vulgaris, highlighting the importance of KRT81 in maintaining epithelial integrity. 2. **Cancer and Tissue Engineering:** KRT81's role in regulating epithelial differentiation and keratinization makes it a potential target for cancer therapy and tissue engineering applications. 3. **Immune System Dysregulation:** Dysregulation of KRT81 expression in immune cells may contribute to immune system dysregulation, leading to autoimmune diseases and other immunological disorders. 4. **Developmental Abnormalities:** KRT81's involvement in developmental processes, including keratinization and epithelial differentiation, highlights its importance in embryonic development and tissue patterning. In conclusion, KRT81 is a critical component of the keratin filament system, playing a pivotal role in maintaining epithelial integrity, regulating cellular differentiation, and modulating immune responses. Further research on KRT81's functions and signaling pathways will provide valuable insights into its role in various diseases and developmental processes.

Genular Protein ID: 3691718819

Symbol: KRT81_HUMAN

Name: Keratin, type II cuticular Hb1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q14533 Q14846 Q16274 Q17R48 Q8WU52 Q9BR74

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 9 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9457912

Title: Characterization and chromosomal localization of human hair-specific keratin genes and comparative expression during the hair growth cycle.

PubMed ID: 9457912

DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00097.x

PubMed ID: 16541075

Title: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 16541075

DOI: 10.1038/nature04569

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7556444

Title: Sequence data and chromosomal localization of human type I and type II hair keratin genes.

PubMed ID: 7556444

DOI: 10.1006/excr.1995.1326

PubMed ID: 7490069

Title: Identification of four novel human genes amplified and overexpressed in breast carcinoma and localized to the q11-q21.3 region of chromosome 17.

PubMed ID: 7490069

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1995.1163

PubMed ID: 7528047

Title: Sequence and expression of human hair keratin genes.

PubMed ID: 7528047

DOI: 10.1016/0923-1811(94)90046-9

PubMed ID: 9402962

Title: A new mutation in the type II hair cortex keratin hHb1 involved in the inherited hair disorder monilethrix.

PubMed ID: 9402962

DOI: 10.1007/s004390050607

PubMed ID: 9665406

Title: A variable monilethrix phenotype associated with a novel mutation, Glu402Lys, in the helix termination motif of the type II hair keratin hHb1.

PubMed ID: 9665406

DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00234.x

PubMed ID: 25557232

Title: Novel KRT83 and KRT86 mutations associated with monilethrix.

PubMed ID: 25557232

DOI: 10.1111/exd.12624

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 505
  • Mass: 54928
  • Checksum: 6CD174038C3B6C27
  • Sequence:
    • MTCGSGFGGR AFSCISACGP RPGRCCITAA PYRGISCYRG LTGGFGSHSV CGGFRAGSCG 
RSFGYRSGGV CGPSPPCITT VSVNESLLTP LNLEIDPNAQ CVKQEEKEQI KSLNSRFAAF 
IDKVRFLEQQ NKLLETKLQF YQNRECCQSN LEPLFEGYIE TLRREAECVE ADSGRLASEL 
NHVQEVLEGY KKKYEEEVSL RATAENEFVA LKKDVDCAYL RKSDLEANVE ALIQEIDFLR 
RLYEEEILIL QSHISDTSVV VKLDNSRDLN MDCIIAEIKA QYDDIVTRSR AEAESWYRSK 
CEEMKATVIR HGETLRRTKE EINELNRMIQ RLTAEVENAK CQNSKLEAAV AQSEQQGEAA 
LSDARCKLAE LEGALQKAKQ DMACLIREYQ EVMNSKLGLD IEIATYRRLL EGEEQRLCEG 
IGAVNVCVSS SRGGVVCGDL CVSGSRPVTG SVCSAPCNGN VAVSTGLCAP CGQLNTTCGG 
GSCGVGSCGI SSLGVGSCGS SCRKC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.