Details for: NOL4L

Gene ID: 140688

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: NOL4L

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197183

Description: nucleolar protein 4 like

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 14.87
    rCSI 20.31%
    PRS 83.17
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 6.78
    rCSI 6.53%
    PRS 83.24
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 6.37
    rCSI 9.73%
    PRS 87.11
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 5.55
    rCSI 8.86%
    PRS 87.08
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 4.73
    rCSI 10.61%
    PRS 68.07
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 4.44
    rCSI 10.79%
    PRS 65.01
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 4.24
    rCSI 5.45%
    PRS 80.18
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 4.02
    rCSI 10.47%
    PRS 84.9
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 3.92
    rCSI 14.82%
    PRS 67.61
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 3.83
    rCSI 2.69%
    PRS 94.03
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 3.54
    rCSI 7.35%
    PRS 80.92
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 3.47
    rCSI 2.75%
    PRS 74.07
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 3.45
    rCSI 5.97%
    PRS 76.15
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 3.41
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 81.44
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 3.34
    rCSI 3.15%
    PRS 82.13
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 73.77
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 5.76%
    PRS 77.69
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 89.05
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 3.71%
    PRS 90.52
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 3.06
    rCSI 5.01%
    PRS 74.27
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 3.06
    rCSI 15.06%
    PRS 90
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 4.81%
    PRS 82.25
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 4.27%
    PRS 77.29
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 2.53%
    PRS 88.33
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 2.62%
    PRS 93.53
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 75.24
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 2.68%
    PRS 78.24
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 2.75
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 91.04
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 2.73
    rCSI 5.41%
    PRS 79.74
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 2.63
    rCSI 5.01%
    PRS 91.75
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 3.21%
    PRS 65.06
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.54
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 76.31
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 14.91%
    PRS 67.62
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 4.42%
    PRS 78.37
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 2.49
    rCSI 10.03%
    PRS 83.99
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.45
    rCSI 3.16%
    PRS 68.33
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 2.16%
    PRS 81.61
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 68.68
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.31
    rCSI 1.78%
    PRS 87.11
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 5.26%
    PRS 72.44
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 91.84
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.22%
    PRS 78.78
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 2.29%
    PRS 81.34
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 3.58%
    PRS 87.28
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 4.63%
    PRS 83.5
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 7.28%
    PRS 65.04
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 2
    rCSI 2.35%
    PRS 85.3
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 1.82%
    PRS 85.25
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 3.47%
    PRS 79.24
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 67.21
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 76.9
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 38.96%
    PRS 65.06
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 76
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 83.66
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 92.05
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 2.38%
    PRS 68.57
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 1.47
    rCSI 3.41%
    PRS 88.16
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 1.46
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 90.6
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 3.98%
    PRS 89.22
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 4.01%
    PRS 79.62
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 1.25%
    PRS 82.46
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 2.23%
    PRS 74.59
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 73.09
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 1.37
    rCSI 33.09%
    PRS 65.55
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 2.29%
    PRS 67.1
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 87.78
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 1.32
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 87.51
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 1.31
    rCSI 2.86%
    PRS 88.14
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 1.29
    rCSI 5.68%
    PRS 72.45
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 1.28
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 71.14
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 1.24
    rCSI 3.15%
    PRS 75.15
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.24
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 66.69
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 3.53%
    PRS 73.84
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 1.18
    rCSI 3.87%
    PRS 70.19
  • CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell CL0000915
    CSI 1.13
    rCSI 5.15%
    PRS 95.56
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.88
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 70.54
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.85
    rCSI 6.27%
    PRS 72.25
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 0.75
    rCSI 4.26%
    PRS 70.54
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.71
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 70.97
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.71
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 84.57
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.04%
    PRS 87.79
  • GABAergic interneuron CL0011005
    CSI 0.33
    rCSI 5.22%
    PRS 85.05
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.26
    rCSI 2.27%
    PRS 72.77

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) (Nucleolar Protein 4 Like) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20q11.21. Based on functional annotations, it is known to participate in [protein binding](/details-go/GO:0005515) and is localized to the [cytosol](/details-go/GO:0005829) and [nucleoplasm](/details-go/GO:0005654). Expression data reveals that [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) has a remarkably diverse but specific cellular footprint. It is most significantly expressed in highly specialized secretory cells, including [enteroendocrine cells](/details-cell/CL0000164) and [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells](/details-cell/CL4030006). Additionally, it shows significant expression in various neuronal, endothelial, and select immune cell populations, suggesting a fundamental role in the function of diverse, metabolically active cell types across multiple organ systems. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The **Overall** expression profile of [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) highlights its importance in a wide array of distinct cell lineages, suggesting a pleiotropic function rather than a role as a simple lineage marker. Its most significant expression is observed in specialized epithelial and secretory cells. It is the top marker for [enteroendocrine cells](/details-cell/CL0000164) (CSI: 14.87), which are critical for gut hormone production, and is also highly significant in [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells](/details-cell/CL4030006), [intestinal tuft cells](/details-cell/CL0019032), and [goblet cells](/details-cell/CL0000160). This pattern points towards a potential role in regulating complex secretory pathways or specialized cellular metabolism. A second major functional axis for [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) appears to be within the neurovascular system. It is significantly expressed in [retinal blood vessel endothelial cells](/details-cell/CL0002585), [astrocytes of the cerebral cortex](/details-cell/CL0002605), and various subtypes of [glutamatergic neurons](/details-cell/CL4023040), as well as progenitor cells like [neuroblasts](/details-cell/CL0000031) and [neural crest cells](/details-cell/CL0011012). This co-expression in both neuronal and associated vascular and glial cells may indicate a function related to neurovascular unit integrity or communication. Finally, [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) also shows moderate but significant expression in specific immune cell subsets, such as [kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophages](/details-cell/CL1000695) and [naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000900), suggesting it may contribute to the specialized functions of these cells. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) are currently sparse, limiting a detailed mechanistic understanding. The primary known molecular function is [protein binding](/details-go/GO:0005515), which, combined with its localization to both the [cytosol](/details-go/GO:0005829) and [nucleoplasm](/details-go/GO:0005654), suggests it may function as a scaffold or adapter protein. Such a role would be consistent with its involvement in diverse cell types, potentially by linking signaling pathways to specific cellular machinery. While its name implies a nucleolar function, this is not yet explicitly supported by the provided GO annotations. Studies have identified NOL4L within broader phosphoproteomic screens, indicating it may be a downstream target of kinase signaling pathways ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805139105), [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23186163/)). ## Research Directions The broad yet specific expression pattern of [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) across functionally diverse cells, many of which are highly active, opens several avenues for future investigation. Its precise molecular role remains to be elucidated. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in multiple secretory cell types ([enteroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL0000164), [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006), [goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0000160)), [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) may function as a key regulator of the protein synthesis and export machinery required for hormone, mucin, or other specialized secretions. 2. The co-expression of [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) in neuronal, glial, and cerebrovascular endothelial cells suggests it could play a role in maintaining the blood-brain barrier or facilitating neurovascular coupling, a process that links neural activity to local blood flow. 3. As a protein-binding factor present in the nucleus and cytoplasm, [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) may act as a transcriptional co-regulator or a scaffolding protein that integrates metabolic signals with cell-specific functional outputs in terminally differentiated cells. **Experimental Approach to Test Hypothesis 1:** To investigate the role of [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) in secretion, one could use a human intestinal organoid model, which naturally contains enteroendocrine and goblet cells. A CRISPR-Cas9 or shRNA-mediated knockdown of [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) could be performed. The functional consequences would be assessed by quantifying the secretion of key hormones (e.g., GLP-1, PYY) and mucins (e.g., MUC2) using ELISA and immunostaining, respectively, under basal and stimulated conditions. Concurrently, RNA-sequencing of the knockdown organoids would reveal transcriptional changes in pathways related to secretion, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cellular metabolism. **Therapeutic Potential:** Based on the current data, [NOL4L](/details-gene/140688) appears to be a poor candidate for a therapeutic target. Its significant expression across a wide range of essential cell types in healthy tissues, including neurons, endothelial cells, and various epithelial populations, suggests that any systemic inhibition or activation would carry a high risk of severe, pleiotropic off-target effects. Its value may lie more as a marker of specific cellular states or as a subject for basic research into the regulation of specialized cellular functions.

Genular Protein ID: 1116020775

Symbol: NOL4L_HUMAN

Name: Nucleolar protein 4-like

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 436
  • Mass: 47215
  • Checksum: 139A07537D875DF8
  • Sequence:
  • MSDSTWMSAD PHLASSLSPS QDERMRSPQN LHSQEDDDSS SESGSGNGSS TLNPSTSSST 
    QGDPAFPEMN GNGAVAPMDF TTAAEDQPIN LCDKLPPATA LGTASYPSDG CGADGLRSRV 
    KYGVKTTPES PPYSSGSYDS IKTEVSGCPE DLTVGRAPTA DDDDDDHDDH EDNDKMNDSE 
    GMDPERLKAF NMFVRLFVDE NLDRMVPISK QPKEKIQAII ESCSRQFPEF QERARKRIRT 
    YLKSCRRMKK NGMEMTRPTP PHLTSAMAEN ILAAACESET RKAAKRMRLE IYQSSQDEPI 
    ALDKQHSRDS AAITHSTYSL PASSYSQDPV YANGGLNYSY RGYGALSSNL QPPASLQTGN 
    HSNGPTDLSM KGGASTTSTT PTPTPSSTST SRPVPTAQLS PTEISAVRQL IAGYRESAAF 
    LLRSADELEN LILQQN

Genular Protein ID: 93901777

Symbol: A0A087X0N3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 680
  • Mass: 74224
  • Checksum: EE242B95A12C5497
  • Sequence:
  • MPKPTLLLRG GWERERSPGD SELGRQFRDW CLRTYGDSAK TKTVTRSKYQ RIAEVLQGGG 
    GTGAGSGPAA GEKGKFQFWV RSKGFRLGSG REPKMGQVVY VPVKTGSGAD GLSEPEGISL 
    KRVAVVEDFF DIIYSMHVES SAEPGKAPKH AGQKKTYRAI AETYAFLPRE AVTRFLMSCT 
    ECQKRMHFNS NGLEPKENEP PSPLVSGIID YNMPLTSTYL KQMKLRVMNS QEQDETSVSS 
    EDFDMSDSTW MSADPHLASS LSPSQDERMR SPQNLHSQED DDSSSESGSG NGSSTLNPST 
    SSSTQGDPAF PEMNGNGAVA PMDFTTAAED QPINLCDKLP PATALGTASY PSDGCGADGL 
    RSRVKYGVKT TPESPPYSSG SYDSIKTEVS GCPEDLTVGR APTADDDDDD HDDHEDNDKM 
    NDSEGMDPER LKAFNMFVRL FVDENLDRMV PISKQPKEKI QAIIESCSRQ FPEFQERARK 
    RIRTYLKSCR RMKKNGMEMT RPTPPHLTSA MAENILAAAC ESETRKAAKR MRLEIYQSSQ 
    DEPIALDKQH SRDSAAITHS TYSLPASSYS QDPVYANGGL NYSYRGYGAL SSNLQPPASL 
    QTGNHSNGPT DLSMKGGAST TSTTPTPTPS STSTSRPVPT AQLSPTEISA VRQLIAGYRE 
    SAAFLLRSAD ELENLILQQN

Genular Protein ID: 4272981809

Symbol: Q6P0R2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 206
  • Mass: 22384
  • Checksum: 14F0685C3FC81353
  • Sequence:
  • RAAAPRVRPP PAPIQQPRRS HTAGQTRPRR VPARSSPAQP SPGTGRPGGR PAPEGAGRGG 
    RMPKPTLLLR GGWERERSPG DSELGRQFRD WCLRTYGDSA KTKTVTRSKY QRIAEVLQGG 
    GGTGAGSGPA AGEKGKFQFW VRSKGFRLGS GREPKMGQVV YVPVKTGSLC SIQFYGCTII 
    YLSSPLLMDI WIVYDILLSQ DFSEHP