Details for: SERPINB13

Gene ID: 5275

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: SERPINB13

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197641

Description: serpin family B member 13

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 7.25
    rCSI 7.56%
    PRS 88.76
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 5.68
    rCSI 10.13%
    PRS 93.65
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 5.54
    rCSI 8.52%
    PRS 78.46
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 4.68
    rCSI 6.01%
    PRS 91.58
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 3.46%
    PRS 89.82
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 2.36
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 89.27
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 1.87
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 91.41
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 2.59%
    PRS 85.29
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 1.49
    rCSI 10.54%
    PRS 90.46
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.28
    rCSI 3.04%
    PRS 87.32

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) is a protein-coding gene that encodes a member of the serpin (serine protease inhibitor) superfamily. As a protease inhibitor, its primary molecular function is the negative regulation of both cysteine- and serine-type endopeptidases. Expression data indicates that [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) is a significant gene in various epithelial and secretory cell types, particularly within the respiratory tract, suggesting a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis at mucosal barriers. Its function is closely tied to the regulation of keratinocyte differentiation and apoptosis, and it is known to be responsive to UV radiation, highlighting its importance in skin biology. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) points to a specialized function in epithelial barrier tissues. The gene shows its highest significance in [secretory cell](/details-cell/CL0000151) (CSI: 7.25), [respiratory hillock cell](/details-cell/CL4030023) (CSI: 5.68), and various other [epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000066) subtypes, including [respiratory suprabasal cell](/details-cell/CL4033048), [club cell](/details-cell/CL0000158), and [squamous epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000076). This strong association with respiratory and conjunctival epithelia suggests a primary role in protecting these surfaces from endogenous or exogenous proteolytic damage. Interestingly, [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) also shows notable significance in [dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000451) (CSI: 2.81), which are often located at these same epithelial sites. This co-localization may indicate a role in modulating immune surveillance or regulating protease-dependent antigen processing at mucosal interfaces. The functional connection to epithelial biology is further supported by its involvement in pathways regulated by the RUNX1 transcription factor, which governs keratinocyte differentiation ([Link](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-8939242)). ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular function of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) is centered on its ability to inhibit protease activity. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its role in [cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity](/details-go/GO:0004869) and [serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity](/details-go/GO:0004867). This function is integral to the broader biological process of [negative regulation of endopeptidase activity](/details-go/GO:0010951). Consistent with its expression in epithelial tissues, particularly skin, [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) is implicated in the [negative regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process](/details-go/GO:1902173) and the cellular [response to uv](/details-go/GO:0009411). Early research identified the gene, then named hurpin, as a UV-repressible inhibitor specific to the skin ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1999.3159)). Reactome pathway analysis places [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) downstream of the transcription factor RUNX1, specifically within the context of keratinocyte differentiation ([R-HSA-8939242](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-8939242)). This provides a mechanistic basis for its expression and function in maintaining epithelial integrity. Cellular component annotations indicate that the protein is found in the [cytoplasm](/details-go/GO:0005737) but can also be located in the [extracellular space](/details-go/GO:0005615), allowing it to control both intracellular and extracellular proteolytic cascades. ## Research Directions The literature indicates that the expression of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) is dysregulated in opposing directions in different diseases; it is reportedly up-regulated in the hyperproliferative skin disease psoriasis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1089/104454901300068924)) and down-regulated in head and neck cancers ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00100-7)). This context-dependent expression suggests it plays a critical role in the balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and malignancy in epithelial tissues. Based on this evidence, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. **Tumor Suppression:** The down-regulation of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) in head and neck cancer suggests it may function as a tumor suppressor. We hypothesize that loss of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) in epithelial cells leads to uncontrolled extracellular protease activity, thereby promoting degradation of the basement membrane and facilitating cancer cell invasion and metastasis. 2. **Psoriasis Pathogenesis:** The up-regulation of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) in psoriasis, combined with its role in regulating keratinocyte apoptosis, suggests a pathogenic function. We hypothesize that overexpression of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) in psoriatic keratinocytes inhibits proteases required for terminal differentiation and desquamation, contributing to the characteristic epidermal thickening (acanthosis) of psoriatic plaques. 3. **Immune Modulation at Barriers:** The significant expression of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) in dendritic cells at mucosal surfaces suggests it may modulate immune responses. We hypothesize that [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) regulates antigen processing by inhibiting cysteine cathepsins within the endolysosomal compartments of dendritic cells, thereby shaping the peptide repertoire presented on MHC class II molecules and influencing T cell activation. A key experiment to test the tumor suppressor hypothesis would be to use CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) in a non-invasive head and neck squamous carcinoma cell line. The resulting cellular phenotypes could be evaluated using in vitro Matrigel invasion assays and in vivo xenograft models to determine if loss of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) is sufficient to confer an invasive phenotype. From a therapeutic standpoint, [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) presents a dual-faceted potential. Its role as a putative tumor suppressor suggests that strategies to restore its expression or function, such as through small-molecule activators or gene therapy, could be beneficial in certain cancers. Conversely, in inflammatory diseases like psoriasis where it is overexpressed, developing specific inhibitors of [SERPINB13](/details-gene/5275) could represent a novel approach to restore normal keratinocyte turnover.

Genular Protein ID: 3785037735

Symbol: SPB13_HUMAN

Name: Serpin B13

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10512713

Title: Cloning and characterization of hurpin (Protease Inhibitor 13): a new skin specific, UV-repressible serine proteinase inhibitor of the ovalbumin serpin family.

PubMed ID: 10512713

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3159

PubMed ID: 10527881

Title: Identification and cDNA cloning of headpin, a novel differentially expressed serpin that maps to chromosome 18q.

PubMed ID: 10527881

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1453

PubMed ID: 11004515

Title: Genomic cloning, mapping, structure and promoter analysis of HEADPIN, a serpin which is down-regulated in head and neck cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 11004515

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00100-7

PubMed ID: 11313015

Title: Sequence, organization, chromosomal localization and alternative splicing of the human serine protease inhibitor gene hurpin (PI13), which is up-regulated in psoriasis.

PubMed ID: 11313015

DOI: 10.1089/104454901300068924

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 391
  • Mass: 44276
  • Checksum: 2CA88558D4BC2B09
  • Sequence:
  • MDSLGAVSTR LGFDLFKELK KTNDGNIFFS PVGILTAIGM VLLGTRGATA SQLEEVFHSE 
    KETKSSRIKA EEKEVIENTE AVHQQFQKFL TEISKLTNDY ELNITNRLFG EKTYLFLQKY 
    LDYVEKYYHA SLEPVDFVNA ADESRKKINS WVESKTNEKI KDLFPDGSIS SSTKLVLVNM 
    VYFKGQWDRE FKKENTKEEK FWMNKSTSKS VQMMTQSHSF SFTFLEDLQA KILGIPYKNN 
    DLSMFVLLPN DIDGLEKIID KISPEKLVEW TSPGHMEERK VNLHLPRFEV EDGYDLEAVL 
    AAMGMGDAFS EHKADYSGMS SGSGLYAQKF LHSSFVAVTE EGTEAAAATG IGFTVTSAPG 
    HENVHCNHPF LFFIRHNESN SILFFGRFSS P

Genular Protein ID: 514908976

Symbol: A0A0A0MQW3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16177791

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 18.

PubMed ID: 16177791

DOI: 10.1038/nature03983

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 400
  • Mass: 45287
  • Checksum: DBAABC071296E0D3
  • Sequence:
  • MDSLGAVSTR LGFDLFKELK KTNDGNIFFS PVGILTAIGM VLLGTRGATA SQLEEVFHSE 
    KETKSSRIKA EEKEVVRIKA EGKEIENTEA VHQQFQKFLT EISKLTNDYE LNITNRLFGE 
    KTYLFLQKYL DYVEKYYHAS LEPVDFVNAA DESRKKINSW VESKTNEKIK DLFPDGSISS 
    STKLVLVNMV YFKGQWDREF KKENTKEEKF WMNKSTSKSV QMMTQSHSFS FTFLEDLQAK 
    ILGIPYKNND LSMFVLLPND IDGLEKIIDK ISPEKLVEWT SPGHMEERKV NLHLPRFEVE 
    DGYDLEAVLA AMGMGDAFSE HKADYSGMSS GSGLYAQKFL HSSFVAVTEE GTEAAAATGI 
    GFTVTSAPGH ENVHCNHPFL FFIRHNESNS ILFFGRFSSP

Genular Protein ID: 1468065788

Symbol: B7Z447_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 400
  • Mass: 45301
  • Checksum: DAAEA006DA8A610F
  • Sequence:
  • MDSLGAVSTR LGFDLFKELK KTNDGNIFFS PVGILTAIGM VLLGTRGATA SQLEEVFHSE 
    KETKSSRIKA EEKEVVRIKA EGKEIENTEA VHQQFQKFLT EISKLTNDYE LNITNRLFGE 
    KTYLFLQKYL DYVEKYYHAS LEPVDFVNAA DESRKKINSW VESKTNEKIK DLFPDGSISS 
    STKLVLVNMV YFKGQWDREF KKENTKEEKF WMNKSTSKSV QMMTQSHSFS FTFLEDLQAK 
    ILGIPYKNND LSMFVLLPND IDGLEKIIDK ISPEKLVEWT SPGHMEERKV NLHLPRFEVE 
    DSYDLEAVLA AMGMGDAFSE HKADYSGMSS GSGLYAQKFL HSSFVAVTEE GTEAAAATGI 
    GFTVTSAPGH ENVHCNHPFP FFIRHNESNS ILFFGRFSSP