Details for: AMY1A

Gene ID: 276

Symbol: AMY1A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000237763

Description: amylase alpha 1A

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.1802
    Cell Significance Index: 19.8800
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 1.0754
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6100
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 0.9012
    Cell Significance Index: 11.3900
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000913)
    Fold Change: 0.5874
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 0.5295
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1800
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 0.2136
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2300
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: 0.1021
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1300
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: 0.0754
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7000
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0081
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3800
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0118
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3700
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0155
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.0178
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0189
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.0193
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0204
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.0210
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0230
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: -0.0289
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0302
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.0340
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.0343
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.0395
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0440
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.0463
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: contractile cell (CL0000183)
    Fold Change: -0.0474
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: -0.0478
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0579
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0718
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0726
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0754
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0787
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7000
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0835
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0840
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: -0.0868
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0898
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0918
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: obsolete animal cell (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: -0.0922
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.1025
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5600
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.1066
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1161
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4700
  • Cell Name: suprabasal keratinocyte (CL4033013)
    Fold Change: -0.1207
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: -0.1209
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.1231
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.1235
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4800
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.1239
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.1274
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4900
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.1313
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: -0.1347
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1366
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1428
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.1439
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5100
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.1466
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5500
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: -0.1496
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: -0.1504
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.1524
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1524
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5200
  • Cell Name: regulatory T cell (CL0000815)
    Fold Change: -0.1552
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8000
  • Cell Name: melanocyte of skin (CL1000458)
    Fold Change: -0.1566
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.1581
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: -0.1600
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1602
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.1632
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.1761
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: conventional dendritic cell (CL0000990)
    Fold Change: -0.1786
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
    Fold Change: -0.1806
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CL0000784)
    Fold Change: -0.1829
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4000
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: -0.1854
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4400
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: -0.1857
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: -0.1877
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.1887
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell (CL0000313)
    Fold Change: -0.1892
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of lung (CL0002553)
    Fold Change: -0.1893
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2500
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: -0.1898
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5100
  • Cell Name: cell of skeletal muscle (CL0000188)
    Fold Change: -0.1921
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.1930
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.1981
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell (CL0000077)
    Fold Change: -0.1983
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: -0.2009
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell (CL0002062)
    Fold Change: -0.2013
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: -0.2022
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6400
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: -0.2025
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: -0.2039
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4800
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: -0.2039
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.2054
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Enzyme Function:** AMY1A is a salivary and pancreatic amylase, responsible for the breakdown of starch and glycogen into simpler sugars. 2. **Expression Pattern:** AMY1A is expressed in various cell types, including glutamatergic neurons, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and plasma cells. 3. **Cellular Localization:** AMY1A is primarily localized to the secretory granules of salivary and pancreatic acinar cells. 4. **Protein Structure:** The AMY1A protein consists of two subunits, alpha and beta, which are linked by a disulfide bond. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Alpha-amylase activity:** AMY1A catalyzes the breakdown of starch and glycogen into maltose and other oligosaccharides. 2. **Calcium ion binding:** AMY1A binds calcium ions, which are essential for the activation of the enzyme. 3. **Chloride ion binding:** AMY1A binds chloride ions, which facilitate the transport of sugars across cell membranes. 4. **Carbohydrate metabolic process:** AMY1A plays a critical role in the regulation of oligosaccharide metabolism, influencing glucose and lipid metabolism. 5. **Extracellular space:** AMY1A is secreted into the extracellular space, where it can act on starch and glycogen in the gut. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Digestive disorders:** Mutations in the AMY1A gene have been associated with various digestive disorders, including pancreatic insufficiency and amyloidosis. 2. **Neurological disorders:** AMY1A has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 3. **Cancer:** AMY1A has been found to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including colon and breast cancer. 4. **Amyloidosis:** Mutations in the AMY1A gene can lead to the formation of amyloid fibrils, which can cause amyloidosis, a condition characterized by the deposition of abnormal proteins in tissues. In conclusion, the AMY1A gene plays a critical role in the breakdown of carbohydrates and has been implicated in various cellular processes, including calcium ion binding, chloride ion binding, and oligosaccharide metabolism. Its expression in a wide range of cell types and its involvement in digestive disorders, neurological disorders, and cancer highlight the importance of AMY1A in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the functions and clinical significance of AMY1A.

Genular Protein ID: 2769712456

Symbol: AMY1A_HUMAN

Name: Alpha-amylase 1A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P0DUB6 A6NJS5 A8K8H6 P04745 Q13763 Q5T083

Database IDs:

AGR 3 AlphaFoldDB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 3 ChEBI 9 ChEMBL 1 DisGeNET 3 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 24 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 7 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 3 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 13 PDBsum 13 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 Pfam 2 PhosphoSitePlus 1 Proteomes 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 7 SMART 2 SMR 1 SUPFAM 2 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2423416

Title: Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene.

PubMed ID: 2423416

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(86)90110-1

PubMed ID: 6610603

Title: Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases.

PubMed ID: 6610603

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(84)90265-8

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2452973

Title: Concerted evolution of human amylase genes.

PubMed ID: 2452973

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.8.3.1197-1205.1988

PubMed ID: 2442579

Title: Identification of a human salivary amylase gene. Partial sequence of genomic DNA suggests a mode of regulation different from that of mouse, Amy1.

PubMed ID: 2442579

PubMed ID: 1710976

Title: Electrophoretic characterization of posttranslational modifications of human parotid salivary alpha-amylase.

PubMed ID: 1710976

DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150120114

PubMed ID: 16740002

Title: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16740002

DOI: 10.1021/pr050492k

PubMed ID: 15299664

Title: Structure of human salivary alpha-amylase at 1.6-A resolution: implications for its role in the oral cavity.

PubMed ID: 15299664

DOI: 10.1107/s0907444995014119

PubMed ID: 12527308

Title: Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase.

PubMed ID: 12527308

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(02)01326-8

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 511
  • Mass: 57768
  • Checksum: 7710BCAC83EBE8B2
  • Sequence:
    • MKLFWLLFTI GFCWAQYSSN TQQGRTSIVH LFEWRWVDIA LECERYLAPK GFGGVQVSPP 
NENVAIHNPF RPWWERYQPV SYKLCTRSGN EDEFRNMVTR CNNVGVRIYV DAVINHMCGN 
AVSAGTSSTC GSYFNPGSRD FPAVPYSGWD FNDGKCKTGS GDIENYNDAT QVRDCRLSGL 
LDLALGKDYV RSKIAEYMNH LIDIGVAGFR IDASKHMWPG DIKAILDKLH NLNSNWFPEG 
SKPFIYQEVI DLGGEPIKSS DYFGNGRVTE FKYGAKLGTV IRKWNGEKMS YLKNWGEGWG 
FMPSDRALVF VDNHDNQRGH GAGGASILTF WDARLYKMAV GFMLAHPYGF TRVMSSYRWP 
RYFENGKDVN DWVGPPNDNG VTKEVTINPD TTCGNDWVCE HRWRQIRNMV NFRNVVDGQP 
FTNWYDNGSN QVAFGRGNRG FIVFNNDDWT FSLTLQTGLP AGTYCDVISG DKINGNCTGI 
KIYVSDDGKA HFSISNSAED PFIAIHAESK L

Genular Protein ID: 3897848192

Symbol: Q6NSB3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q6NSB3

Database IDs:

ARBA 11 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 2 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 EMBL 2 GO 4 Gene3D 2 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 2 RuleBase 2 SAM 1 SMART 4 SMR 1 SUPFAM 2

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 495
  • Mass: 56210
  • Checksum: 7BC87EAD21F1FFFB
  • Sequence:
    • MKLFWLLFTI GFCWAQYSSN TQQGRTSIVH LFEWRWVDIA LECERYLAPK GFGGVQVSPP 
NENVAIHNPF RPWWERYQPV SYKLCTRSGN EDEFRNMVTR CNNVGVRIYV DAVINHMCGN 
AVSAGTSSTC GSYFNPGSRD FPAVPYSGWD FNDGKCKTGS GDIENYNDAT QVRDCRLSGL 
LDLALGKDYV RSKIAEYMNH LIDIGVAGFR IDASKHMWPG DIKAILDKLH NLNSNWFPEG 
SKPFIYQEVI DLGGEPIKSS DYFGNGRVTE FKYGAKLGTV IRKWNGEKMS YLKNWGEGWG 
FMPSDRALVF VDNHDNQRGH GAGGASILTF WDARLYKMAV GFMLAHPYGF TRVMSSYRWP 
RYFENGKDVN DWVGPPNDNG VTKEVTINPD TTCGNDWVCE HRWRQIRNMV NFRNVVDGQP 
FTNWYDNGSN QVAFGRGNRG FIVFNNDDWT FSLTLQTGLP AGTYCDVISG DKINGNCTGI 
KIYVSAKKKK KKKKK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.