Details for: GPR6

Gene ID: 2830

Symbol: GPR6

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000146360

Description: G protein-coupled receptor 6

Associated with

  • Adenylate cyclase-activating g protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
    (GO:0007189)
  • Cytoplasm
    (GO:0005737)
  • G protein-coupled receptor activity
    (GO:0004930)
  • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
    (GO:0007186)
  • Plasma membrane
    (GO:0005886)
  • Positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
    (GO:0007204)
  • Regulation of metabolic process
    (GO:0019222)
  • Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activity
    (GO:0038036)
  • Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway
    (GO:0003376)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.7544
    Cell Significance Index: 33.3700
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.5986
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2500
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.2078
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3700
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.0445
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0317
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3500
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.0087
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0015
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0067
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0136
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0150
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0207
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0233
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0293
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0380
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4400
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.0433
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0485
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0531
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.0606
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0625
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0630
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0739
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.0739
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.0750
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0000
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.0759
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -0.0771
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0400
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.0818
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0826
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0884
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3700
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0892
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0899
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4000
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0942
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.0944
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.0960
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0961
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.0981
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.0999
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.1007
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.1010
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.1024
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1026
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4600
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1037
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: -0.1052
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.1090
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2000
  • Cell Name: conventional dendritic cell (CL0000990)
    Fold Change: -0.1101
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: -0.1115
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: -0.1118
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1168
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1183
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9800
  • Cell Name: chondrocyte (CL0000138)
    Fold Change: -0.1216
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.1218
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.1226
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: -0.1273
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3400
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.1279
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: mucosal invariant T cell (CL0000940)
    Fold Change: -0.1285
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4800
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.1288
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: -0.1303
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: amacrine cell (CL0000561)
    Fold Change: -0.1309
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: -0.1329
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: rod bipolar cell (CL0000751)
    Fold Change: -0.1343
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.1351
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.1391
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.1411
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.1422
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: -0.1445
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: -0.1470
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.1473
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: -0.1485
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human (CL0000939)
    Fold Change: -0.1485
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: -0.1514
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.1525
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: -0.1536
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.1564
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: decidual natural killer cell, human (CL0002343)
    Fold Change: -0.1566
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: -0.1566
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: L5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030064)
    Fold Change: -0.1575
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: vascular leptomeningeal cell (CL4023051)
    Fold Change: -0.1584
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3700
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.1585
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.1596
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: uterine smooth muscle cell (CL0002601)
    Fold Change: -0.1598
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.1600
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -0.1610
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.1611
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9800
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: -0.1612
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.1619
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.1627
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.1628
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0300
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: -0.1638
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: H1 horizontal cell (CL0004217)
    Fold Change: -0.1639
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.1644
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity:** GPR6 belongs to the GPCR family, which is characterized by the presence of seven transmembrane alpha-helices. These receptors are activated by a variety of ligands, including small molecules, peptides, and lipids, leading to the activation of G proteins and downstream signaling pathways. 2. **Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Activity:** GPR6 exhibits high affinity for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid that plays a critical role in immune cell trafficking, survival, and differentiation. The interaction between GPR6 and S1P is thought to regulate the migration and proliferation of immune cells. 3. **Adenylate Cyclase-Activating GPCR Signaling Pathway:** Activation of GPR6 by its ligands triggers the activation of adenylate cyclase, an enzyme involved in the production of cyclic AMP (cAMP), a key second messenger molecule that regulates various cellular processes, including immune response and metabolic homeostasis. 4. **Regulation of Metabolic Process:** GPR6 is also implicated in the regulation of metabolic processes, including glucose and lipid metabolism. The receptor's activation is thought to modulate the activity of enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby influencing energy homeostasis. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Immune Regulation:** GPR6 plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses, including the trafficking and survival of immune cells. The receptor's interaction with S1P is thought to modulate the migration and proliferation of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells. 2. **Metabolic Homeostasis:** GPR6 is involved in the regulation of metabolic processes, including glucose and lipid metabolism. The receptor's activation is thought to modulate the activity of enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby influencing energy homeostasis. 3. **Cell Signaling:** GPR6 is a key player in cellular signaling pathways, including the adenylate cyclase-activating GPCR signaling pathway. The receptor's activation triggers the production of cAMP, a key second messenger molecule that regulates various cellular processes, including immune response and metabolic homeostasis. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Immune-Mediated Disorders:** GPR6's role in immune regulation makes it a potential target for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders, including autoimmune diseases and cancer. 2. **Metabolic Disorders:** GPR6's involvement in metabolic processes makes it a potential target for the treatment of metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity. 3. **Cancer:** GPR6's expression in various types of cancer cells makes it a potential target for the treatment of cancer. 4. **Neurological Disorders:** GPR6's expression in the central nervous system makes it a potential target for the treatment of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, GPR6 is a complex receptor with broad implications in immune regulation, metabolic homeostasis, and cellular signaling pathways. Further studies are necessary to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying GPR6's role in these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3992708736

Symbol: GPR6_HUMAN

Name: G-protein coupled receptor 6

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P46095 B4DHS9 J3KQR3 Q17RJ7 Q5SYL0

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 8 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 3 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7832990

Title: Isolation of three novel human genes encoding G protein-coupled receptors.

PubMed ID: 7832990

DOI: 10.1089/dna.1995.14.25

PubMed ID: 8530049

Title: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of human genes encoding three closely related G protein-coupled receptors.

PubMed ID: 8530049

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1995.1154

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12220620

Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a ligand of the human gpr3, gpr6 and gpr12 family of constitutively active G protein-coupled receptors.

PubMed ID: 12220620

DOI: 10.1016/s0898-6568(02)00041-4

PubMed ID: 19059244

Title: Constitutively active GPR6 is located in the intracellular compartments.

PubMed ID: 19059244

DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.11.033

PubMed ID: 19286662

Title: Lipid G protein-coupled receptor ligand identification using beta-arrestin PathHunter assay.

PubMed ID: 19286662

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m806516200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 362
  • Mass: 37881
  • Checksum: AF8C6075603337AD
  • Sequence:
    • MNASAASLND SQVVVVAAEG AAAAATAAGG PDTGEWGPPA AAALGAGGGA NGSLELSSQL 
SAGPPGLLLP AVNPWDVLLC VSGTVIAGEN ALVVALIAST PALRTPMFVL VGSLATADLL 
AGCGLILHFV FQYLVPSETV SLLTVGFLVA SFAASVSSLL AITVDRYLSL YNALTYYSRR 
TLLGVHLLLA ATWTVSLGLG LLPVLGWNCL AERAACSVVR PLARSHVALL SAAFFMVFGI 
MLHLYVRICQ VVWRHAHQIA LQQHCLAPPH LAATRKGVGT LAVVLGTFGA SWLPFAIYCV 
VGSHEDPAVY TYATLLPATY NSMINPIIYA FRNQEIQRAL WLLLCGCFQS KVPFRSRSPS 
EV

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.