Details for: TSHB

Gene ID: 7252

Symbol: TSHB

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134200

Description: thyroid stimulating hormone subunit beta

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 5.6855
    Cell Significance Index: 67.0000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1374
    Cell Significance Index: 95.0600
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: 0.0531
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: 0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0003
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0015
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.0050
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0058
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0171
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: -0.0224
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: -0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0341
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: L6 corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023042)
    Fold Change: -0.0344
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: erythroid lineage cell (CL0000764)
    Fold Change: -0.0372
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023043)
    Fold Change: -0.0376
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0456
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6100
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0516
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0579
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5600
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.0654
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0704
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.0767
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.0859
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.0861
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0879
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0926
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.0931
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: -0.0969
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.1012
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1081
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7800
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.1171
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1100
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.1193
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1199
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.1241
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.1244
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1256
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7600
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: -0.1365
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: adipocyte (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: -0.1395
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.1408
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5100
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -0.1415
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) (CL0000338)
    Fold Change: -0.1419
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell (CL0000077)
    Fold Change: -0.1473
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: amacrine cell (CL0000561)
    Fold Change: -0.1477
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: H1 horizontal cell (CL0004217)
    Fold Change: -0.1492
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: ON parasol ganglion cell (CL4033052)
    Fold Change: -0.1505
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: flat midget bipolar cell (CL4033033)
    Fold Change: -0.1508
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.1511
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.1512
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: retina horizontal cell (CL0000745)
    Fold Change: -0.1518
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: invaginating midget bipolar cell (CL4033034)
    Fold Change: -0.1519
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: -0.1526
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: -0.1536
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: -0.1558
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: diffuse bipolar 1 cell (CL4033027)
    Fold Change: -0.1561
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.1573
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.1588
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: -0.1593
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8000
  • Cell Name: rod bipolar cell (CL0000751)
    Fold Change: -0.1605
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: -0.1605
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.1615
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1617
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5400
  • Cell Name: diffuse bipolar 6 cell (CL4033032)
    Fold Change: -0.1624
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: -0.1654
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: -0.1674
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: -0.1689
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.1725
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: -0.1744
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: -0.1773
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.1793
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: midget ganglion cell of retina (CL4023188)
    Fold Change: -0.1848
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: -0.1867
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: -0.1966
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0100
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: -0.2007
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.2046
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: -0.2128
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: -0.2223
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.2259
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: -0.2301
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.2398
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: -0.2405
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: -0.2513
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: -0.2713
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6100
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.2762
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6300
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.2785
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3300
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.2908
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8800
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: -0.3067
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: cerebellar neuron (CL1001611)
    Fold Change: -0.3071
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: -0.3080
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: -0.3153
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: vein endothelial cell (CL0002543)
    Fold Change: -0.3459
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7500
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: -0.3489
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: -0.3560
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0900
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.3764
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5900
  • Cell Name: stellate neuron (CL0000122)
    Fold Change: -0.3954
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Gene Location and Structure:** The TSHB gene is located on chromosome 2q21.1, and its product is a single-chain polypeptide consisting of 108 amino acids. The subunit beta is a crucial component of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is essential for regulating thyroid function. 2. **Expression Patterns:** The TSHB gene is highly expressed in various cell types, including progenitor cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, microglial cells, blood vessel endothelial cells, goblet cells, and intestinal epithelial cells. This widespread expression highlights the gene's involvement in multiple physiological processes. 3. **Functional Interactions:** The TSHB subunit beta interacts with the TSH receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor, to stimulate the thyroid gland's function. This interaction triggers a cascade of signaling events that ultimately lead to the production and release of thyroid hormones. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling:** The TSHB subunit beta interacts with the TSH receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor, to activate a signaling cascade that regulates thyroid function. This pathway involves the activation of G-proteins, which in turn stimulate adenylyl cyclase activity, leading to an increase in cAMP levels. 2. **Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis:** The TSHB subunit beta plays a critical role in regulating thyroid hormone biosynthesis. By stimulating the thyroid gland's function, TSH promotes the production and release of thyroid hormones, which are essential for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. 3. **Cellular Development and Homeostasis:** The TSHB gene is involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Its expression is also critical for maintaining tissue homeostasis, particularly in the context of thyroid function and development. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Thyroid Function Regulation:** The TSHB gene plays a critical role in regulating thyroid function, and its dysregulation can lead to various thyroid-related disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. 2. **Neurodevelopmental Disorders:** The TSHB gene's involvement in neuronal development and function makes it a potential candidate for contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. 3. **Cancer Research:** The TSHB gene's expression in various cancer types, including thyroid cancer, highlights its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. In conclusion, the TSHB gene is a vital component of the thyroid-stimulating hormone system, with significant implications for human health and disease. Further research into the TSHB gene's functions and clinical significance will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid function and its role in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3882057427

Symbol: TSHB_HUMAN

Name: Thyrotropin subunit beta

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P01222 B1AKP0 Q16163

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CPTAC 2 CPTC 1 CTD 1 ComplexPortal 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 9 EMDB 3 Ensembl 1 GO 10 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 3 PDBsum 3 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 3 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3839756

Title: Molecular cloning of the human thyrotropin-beta subunit gene.

PubMed ID: 3839756

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(85)80409-9

PubMed ID: 3234176

Title: The human thyrotropin beta-subunit gene differs in 5' structure from murine TSH-beta genes.

PubMed ID: 3234176

DOI: 10.1089/dna.1988.7.691

PubMed ID: 3243440

Title: The structure of the human thyrotropin beta-subunit gene.

PubMed ID: 3243440

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90513-6

PubMed ID: 2457586

Title: Isolation and characterization of the human thyrotropin beta-subunit gene. Differences in gene structure and promoter function from murine species.

PubMed ID: 2457586

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)37788-3

PubMed ID: 8196184

Title: Structure and regulation of human thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) gene.

PubMed ID: 8196184

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19364510

Title: A novel thyroid stimulating hormone beta-subunit isoform in human pituitary, peripheral blood leukocytes, and thyroid.

PubMed ID: 19364510

DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.04.006

PubMed ID: 890569

Title: Human pituitary thyrotropin. The primary structure of the alpha and beta subunits.

PubMed ID: 890569

DOI: 10.1139/o77-108

PubMed ID: 1971148

Title: Familial hypothyroidism caused by a nonsense mutation in the thyroid-stimulating hormone beta-subunit gene.

PubMed ID: 1971148

PubMed ID: 12364478

Title: Congenital central hypothyroidism due to homozygous thyrotropin beta 313 Delta T mutation is caused by a Founder effect.

PubMed ID: 12364478

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2002-020297

PubMed ID: 36001021

Title: Novel TSHB variant (c.217A>C) causing severe central hypothyroidism and pituitary hyperplasia.

PubMed ID: 36001021

DOI: 10.1530/edm-22-0230

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 138
  • Mass: 15639
  • Checksum: 6A367538D8393DB7
  • Sequence:
    • MTALFLMSML FGLTCGQAMS FCIPTEYTMH IERRECAYCL TINTTICAGY CMTRDINGKL 
FLPKYALSQD VCTYRDFIYR TVEIPGCPLH VAPYFSYPVA LSCKCGKCNT DYSDCIHEAI 
KTNYCTKPQK SYLVGFSV

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.