Details for: EPO

Gene ID: 2056

Symbol: EPO

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130427

Description: erythropoietin

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 7694
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 2785
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71842
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48067
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30409
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5355
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2743
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5294
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 713
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1268
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 403
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 412
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 525
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 293
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.49
    Marker Score: 1032
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 425
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.47
    Marker Score: 282
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.35
    Marker Score: 658
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 4214
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 524.5
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 165
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 82
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 115
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 521.5
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 57
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 107
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 115
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 62
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 190
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 107
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 429
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 306
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 309
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 25
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 27
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 50
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 146
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 24
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 41.5
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 12
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas (CL1001433)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 8
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 9
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 10
  • Cell Name: central nervous system macrophage (CL0000878)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: uterine smooth muscle cell (CL0002601)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell (CL0002573)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 8
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 8
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 17
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 12
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 8
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 6
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 9
  • Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 192
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 17
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 18
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 6
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 5
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 4
  • Cell Name: myofibroblast cell (CL0000186)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 19
  • Cell Name: ciliated epithelial cell (CL0000067)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: 0.02
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 6
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 5
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 24
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 59
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 8
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 5
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 10
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CL0000784)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 56
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 7
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 12
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 11
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 8
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: 0.01
    Marker Score: 8

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** * Produced by the kidney in response to low oxygen levels. * Acts on the surface of red blood cells, stimulating their oxygen affinity. * Activates various intracellular signaling pathways, including the PI3K/Akt pathway, the Ras/MAPK pathway, and the STAT5 pathway. * Regulates red blood cell production, survival, and lifespan. **Pathways and functions:** * **Acute-phase response:** Erythropoietin is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels, stimulating the release of red blood cells from the bone marrow. * **Cellular responses to stimuli:** Erythropoietin also plays a role in cellular responses to stimuli, such as inflammation and injury. * **Cellular responses to stress:** It is a stress hormone that helps to protect cells from damage by activating the stress response pathway. * **Cellular response to hypoxia:** In hypoxia, erythropoietin levels rise, which helps to restore oxygenated blood and tissues. **Clinical significance:** * Dysregulation of erythropoietin signaling can lead to various diseases, including anemia, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. * Erythropoietin is a therapeutic target for treating anemia and other conditions that are characterized by low oxygen levels. * The development of new drugs targeting the erythropoietin signaling pathway is an active area of research.

Genular Protein ID: 2759517898

Symbol: EPO_HUMAN

Name: Erythropoietin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P01588 Q2M2L6 Q549U2 Q9UDZ0 Q9UEZ5 Q9UHA0

Database IDs:

AGR 1 Allergome 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 16 EPD 1 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 42 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 7 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 3 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 6 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3838366

Title: Isolation and characterization of genomic and cDNA clones of human erythropoietin.

PubMed ID: 3838366

DOI: 10.1038/313806a0

PubMed ID: 3865178

Title: Cloning and expression of the human erythropoietin gene.

PubMed ID: 3865178

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.22.7580

PubMed ID: 9799793

Title: Large-scale sequencing of two regions in human chromosome 7q22: analysis of 650 kb of genomic sequence around the EPO and CUTL1 loci reveals 17 genes.

PubMed ID: 9799793

DOI: 10.1101/gr.8.10.1060

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8396923

Title: Gene expression of mutant erythropoietin in hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 8396923

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.2104

PubMed ID: 3949763

Title: Structural characterization of human erythropoietin.

PubMed ID: 3949763

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)35756-3

PubMed ID: 6698989

Title: Isolation of human erythropoietin with monoclonal antibodies.

PubMed ID: 6698989

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43202-9

PubMed ID: 3346214

Title: Comparative study of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human erythropoietins purified from urine and the culture medium of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells.

PubMed ID: 3346214

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68975-6

PubMed ID: 3219367

Title: Site-specific glycosylation of human recombinant erythropoietin: analysis of glycopeptides or peptides at each glycosylation site by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 3219367

DOI: 10.1021/bi00423a017

PubMed ID: 1820196

Title: Structures and functional roles of the sugar chains of human erythropoietins.

PubMed ID: 1820196

DOI: 10.1093/glycob/1.4.337

PubMed ID: 11739166

Title: Sugar profiling proves that human serum erythropoietin differs from recombinant human erythropoietin.

PubMed ID: 11739166

DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.13.3626

PubMed ID: 32989016

Title: The endoplasmic reticulum cargo receptor SURF4 facilitates efficient erythropoietin secretion.

PubMed ID: 32989016

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00180-20

PubMed ID: 29514032

Title: A Gain-of-function mutation in EPO in familial erythrocytosis.

PubMed ID: 29514032

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1709064

PubMed ID: 9774108

Title: Efficiency of signalling through cytokine receptors depends critically on receptor orientation.

PubMed ID: 9774108

DOI: 10.1038/26773

PubMed ID: 9783743

Title: NMR structure of human erythropoietin and a comparison with its receptor bound conformation.

PubMed ID: 9783743

DOI: 10.1038/2302

PubMed ID: 18458324

Title: Promoter polymorphism of the erythropoietin gene in severe diabetic eye and kidney complications.

PubMed ID: 18458324

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0800454105

PubMed ID: 27651169

Title: Gene panel sequencing improves the diagnostic work-up of patients with idiopathic erythrocytosis and identifies new mutations.

PubMed ID: 27651169

DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.144063

PubMed ID: 28283061

Title: Functional selectivity in cytokine signaling revealed through a pathogenic EPO mutation.

PubMed ID: 28283061

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.026

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 193
  • Mass: 21307
  • Checksum: C91F0E4C26A52033
  • Sequence:
    • MGVHECPAWL WLLLSLLSLP LGLPVLGAPP RLICDSRVLE RYLLEAKEAE NITTGCAEHC 
SLNENITVPD TKVNFYAWKR MEVGQQAVEV WQGLALLSEA VLRGQALLVN SSQPWEPLQL 
HVDKAVSGLR SLTTLLRALG AQKEAISPPD AASAAPLRTI TADTFRKLFR VYSNFLRGKL 
KLYTGEACRT GDR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.