Details for: PADI1

Gene ID: 29943

Symbol: PADI1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142623

Description: peptidyl arginine deiminase 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.1482
    Cell Significance Index: 29.3100
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 1.8588
    Cell Significance Index: 26.4600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.9461
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.9018
    Cell Significance Index: 46.8500
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.7824
    Cell Significance Index: 25.0600
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.5367
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.3633
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3524
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.3434
    Cell Significance Index: 61.9000
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.2403
    Cell Significance Index: 69.1600
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.2178
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3700
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: 0.2110
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1604
    Cell Significance Index: 26.0900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.1482
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.1331
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.1171
    Cell Significance Index: 7.0300
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.0950
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0866
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0714
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0640
    Cell Significance Index: 34.9500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0448
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0342
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4900
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0045
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0051
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4900
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0064
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0067
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0168
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.0251
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0258
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0263
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0265
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0277
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0297
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0313
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0337
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: -0.0339
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0351
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0419
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.0542
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0573
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.0657
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.0673
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0870
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0902
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2400
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.0988
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1009
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.1044
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.1169
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1170
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1186
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1261
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1271
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1275
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1319
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1320
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1452
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1492
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6500
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.1499
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.1516
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1528
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1605
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1636
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7500
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.1706
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1748
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3600
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -0.1756
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.1759
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.1820
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8900
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.1829
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.1867
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1400
  • Cell Name: obsolete animal cell (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: -0.1903
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: -0.1929
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.1934
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1935
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9300
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1967
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2500
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.1988
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6800
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1993
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9800
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: -0.2008
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5400
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: -0.2020
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.2036
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9800
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.2065
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3100
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: -0.2069
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.2177
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6200
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.2184
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3900
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.2213
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3600
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2240
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4300
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.2281
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7000
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.2299
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Protein-arginine deiminase activity:** PADI1 is a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD) family, which catalyzes the conversion of arginine residues in proteins to citrulline. This post-translational modification can significantly alter protein function, stability, and interactions. 2. **Cell-type specificity:** PADI1 expression is observed in various cell types, including squamous epithelial cells, plasma cells, and stem cells. This cell-type specificity suggests that PADI1 may play distinct roles in different cellular contexts. 3. **Calcium ion binding:** PADI1 has been shown to bind calcium ions, which may influence its activity and interactions with other molecules. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Chromatin modifying enzymes:** PADI1 is involved in the regulation of chromatin structure and function through the deimination of histones and other chromatin-associated proteins. 2. **Chromatin organization:** PADI1 may play a role in maintaining chromatin organization and structure by modifying histones and other chromatin components. 3. **Immune regulation:** PADI1 has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses, including the modulation of T-cell activation and differentiation. 4. **Cell differentiation:** PADI1 may influence cell differentiation by regulating the expression of specific genes and modifying protein function. 5. **Tissue development:** PADI1 may play a role in tissue development, particularly in the context of stem cell differentiation and tissue homeostasis. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Autoimmune diseases:** Alterations in PADI1 expression and activity have been linked to various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. 2. **Cancer:** PADI1 has been implicated in cancer development and progression, particularly in the context of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 3. **Neurological disorders:** PADI1 may play a role in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Inflammatory diseases:** PADI1 has been shown to contribute to inflammatory responses, which may be relevant to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. In conclusion, PADI1 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in protein post-translational modifications, chromatin regulation, and immune regulation. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the need for further research into the mechanisms and clinical significance of PADI1 in different cellular contexts.

Genular Protein ID: 1677348186

Symbol: PADI1_HUMAN

Name: Protein-arginine deiminase type-1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9ULC6 A1L4K6 Q70SX6

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 22 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 2 GO 6 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 3 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 3 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 12416996

Title: cDNA cloning, gene organization and expression analysis of human peptidylarginine deiminase type I.

PubMed ID: 12416996

DOI: 10.1042/bj20020870

PubMed ID: 15087120

Title: Comparative analysis of the mouse and human peptidylarginine deiminase gene clusters reveals highly conserved non-coding segments and a new human gene, PADI6.

PubMed ID: 15087120

DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2003.12.038

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 30044909

Title: Citrullination Inactivates Nicotinamide- N-methyltransferase.

PubMed ID: 30044909

DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00578

PubMed ID: 27393304

Title: Monomeric Form of Peptidylarginine Deiminase Type I Revealed by X-ray Crystallography and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering.

PubMed ID: 27393304

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.06.018

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 663
  • Mass: 74666
  • Checksum: 4674CEBC03A7E7CA
  • Sequence:
    • MAPKRVVQLS LKMPTHAVCV VGVEAHVDIH SDVPKGANSF RVSGSSGVEV FMVYNRTRVK 
EPIGKARWPL DTDADMVVSV GTASKELKDF KVRVSYFGEQ EDQALGRSVL YLTGVDISLE 
VDTGRTGKVK RSQGDKKTWR WGPEGYGAIL LVNCDRDNHR SAEPDLTHSW LMSLADLQDM 
SPMLLSCNGP DKLFDSHKLV LNVPFSDSKR VRVFCARGGN SLSDYKQVLG PQCLSYEVER 
QPGEQEIKFY VEGLTFPDAD FLGLVSLSVS LVDPGTLPEV TLFTDTVGFR MAPWIMTPNT 
QPPEELYVCR VMDTHGSNEK FLEDMSYLTL KANCKLTICP QVENRNDRWI QDEMEFGYIE 
APHKSFPVVF DSPRNRGLKD FPYKRILGPD FGYVTREIPL PGPSSLDSFG NLDVSPPVTV 
GGTEYPLGRI LIGSSFPKSG GRQMARAVRN FLKAQQVQAP VELYSDWLSV GHVDEFLTFV 
PTSDQKGFRL LLASPSACLK LFQEKKEEGY GEAAQFDGLK HQAKRSINEM LADRHLQRDN 
LHAQKCIDWN RNVLKRELGL AESDIVDIPQ LFFLKNFYAE AFFPDMVNMV VLGKYLGIPK 
PYGPIINGRC CLEEKVQSLL EPLGLHCIFI DDYLSYHELQ GEIHCGTNVR RKPFPFKWWN 
MVP

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.