Details for: KRT4

Gene ID: 3851

Symbol: KRT4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170477

Description: keratin 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 3.8871
    Cell Significance Index: 108.6300
  • Cell Name: sebaceous gland cell (CL2000021)
    Fold Change: 1.9335
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.4970
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4195
    Cell Significance Index: 75.6300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1276
    Cell Significance Index: 20.7600
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0887
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.0339
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0244
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0096
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: -22.2300
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0221
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -31.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0411
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0516
    Cell Significance Index: -32.7500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: -0.0547
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4200
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0568
    Cell Significance Index: -25.7700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.0934
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.1076
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.1284
    Cell Significance Index: -25.7500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1529
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1100
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: -0.1556
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1598
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9400
  • Cell Name: T-helper 17 cell (CL0000899)
    Fold Change: -0.1604
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1670
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: -0.1851
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2098
    Cell Significance Index: -24.0400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.2132
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7500
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.2425
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.2427
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4000
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2603
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.2655
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7800
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: -0.2782
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.2876
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.3129
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.3415
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8400
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.3971
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.3979
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4800
  • Cell Name: contractile cell (CL0000183)
    Fold Change: -0.4031
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.4168
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: -0.4346
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.4549
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4609
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.4683
    Cell Significance Index: -31.4900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.5399
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.6857
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8600
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.6917
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2500
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.7124
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0200
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.7232
    Cell Significance Index: -37.5700
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.7236
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3500
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.7354
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6600
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.7481
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.7561
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.7567
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.7620
    Cell Significance Index: -35.5300
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.7644
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3800
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: -0.7791
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.7862
    Cell Significance Index: -25.7400
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.7950
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3200
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.8093
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7200
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.8169
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3100
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.8442
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lacrimal sac (CL1000436)
    Fold Change: -0.8518
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.8585
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4600
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.9338
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: -0.9524
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2800
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.9708
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9400
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -1.0002
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9500
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -1.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -35.6700
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -1.0248
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1100
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: -1.0322
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0600
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -1.0402
    Cell Significance Index: -32.9000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -1.0447
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0200
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -1.0653
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6900
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -1.0680
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8200
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: -1.0834
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0500
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -1.1399
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -1.1736
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3400
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -1.1849
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9300
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -1.1968
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0300
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -1.2056
    Cell Significance Index: -25.5900
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -1.2202
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0400
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: -1.2336
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6800
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: -1.2428
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5400
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: -1.2585
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract (CL0002632)
    Fold Change: -1.2759
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1900
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -1.2868
    Cell Significance Index: -25.4500
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -1.2910
    Cell Significance Index: -31.5000
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -1.3004
    Cell Significance Index: -31.5000
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -1.3371
    Cell Significance Index: -26.8500
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -1.3542
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0000
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -1.3665
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8400
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -1.3668
    Cell Significance Index: -17.3200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -1.3764
    Cell Significance Index: -28.8100
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: -1.4076
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** KRT4 is a type II keratin, which is distinct from type I keratins like KRT1 and KRT10. Type II keratins are characterized by their ability to form dimers with type I keratins, resulting in the formation of a robust intermediate filament network. KRT4 is highly expressed in epithelial cells, particularly in the skin, esophagus, and colon, where it plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue integrity and function. The protein is composed of 394 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 43 kDa. **Pathways and Functions:** KRT4 is involved in various cellular processes, including: 1. **Cytoskeleton organization:** KRT4 forms dimers with type I keratins, which are then incorporated into the intermediate filament network. This network provides mechanical strength and stability to epithelial cells. 2. **Epithelial cell differentiation:** KRT4 is essential for the proper differentiation of epithelial cells, particularly in the skin and esophagus. It regulates the expression of other genes involved in differentiation, such as cytokeratins and other intermediate filament proteins. 3. **Keratinization:** KRT4 is involved in the process of keratinization, which is the transformation of epithelial cells into keratinocytes. This process is critical for maintaining the integrity of the skin and other epithelial tissues. 4. **Negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation:** KRT4 has been shown to regulate the proliferation of epithelial cells by interacting with other proteins involved in cell cycle regulation. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of KRT4 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS):** A genetic disorder characterized by blistering skin lesions. Mutations in the KRT4 gene have been identified as a cause of EBS. 2. **Epithelial dysplasia:** Abnormal cell growth and differentiation in epithelial tissues, which can lead to cancer. 3. **Skin disorders:** KRT4 has been implicated in various skin disorders, including psoriasis, vitiligo, and ichthyosis. In conclusion, KRT4 is a crucial component of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, playing a vital role in maintaining the structural integrity and function of epithelial cells. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of KRT4 in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Further research into the functions and clinical significance of KRT4 will provide valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with keratinopathies.

Genular Protein ID: 3072792089

Symbol: K2C4_HUMAN

Name: Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P19013 B4DRS2 F8VS64 Q6GTR8 Q96LA7 Q9BTL1

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 12 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16541075

Title: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 16541075

DOI: 10.1038/nature04569

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7684424

Title: Allelic variations of human keratins K4 and K5 provide polymorphic markers within the type II keratin gene cluster on chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 7684424

DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12475671

PubMed ID: 2452170

Title: Molecular characterization and expression of the stratification-related cytokeratins 4 and 15.

PubMed ID: 2452170

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.106.4.1249

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 10652003

Title: A glutamine insertion in the 1A alpha helical domain of the keratin 4 gene in a familial case of white sponge nevus.

PubMed ID: 10652003

DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00890.x

PubMed ID: 12828738

Title: A novel mutation in the keratin 4 gene causing white sponge naevus.

PubMed ID: 12828738

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05337.x

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 520
  • Mass: 56144
  • Checksum: 3997CA71E7586F4C
  • Sequence:
    • MIARQQCVRG GPRGFSCGSA IVGGGKRGAF SSVSMSGGAG RCSSGGFGSR SLYNLRGNKS 
ISMSVAGSRQ GACFGGAGGF GTGGFGGGFG GSFSGKGGPG FPVCPAGGIQ EVTINQSLLT 
PLHVEIDPEI QKVRTEEREQ IKLLNNKFAS FIDKVQFLEQ QNKVLETKWN LLQQQTTTTS 
SKNLEPLFET YLSVLRKQLD TLGNDKGRLQ SELKTMQDSV EDFKTKYEEE INKRTAAEND 
FVVLKKDVDA AYLNKVELEA KVDSLNDEIN FLKVLYDAEL SQMQTHVSDT SVVLSMDNNR 
NLDLDSIIAE VRAQYEEIAQ RSKAEAEALY QTKVQQLQIS VDQHGDNLKN TKSEIAELNR 
MIQRLRAEIE NIKKQCQTLQ VSVADAEQRG ENALKDAHSK RVELEAALQQ AKEELARMLR 
EYQELMSVKL ALDIEIATYR KLLEGEEYRM SGECQSAVSI SVVSGSTSTG GISGGLGSGS 
GFGLSSGFGS GSGSGFGFGG SVSGSSSSKI ISTTTLNKRR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.