Details for: PGK2

Gene ID: 5232

Symbol: PGK2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170950

Description: phosphoglycerate kinase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 0.2606
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7100
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: 0.0468
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5300
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 0.0345
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5000
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: -0.0118
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: -0.0134
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0149
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4700
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.0210
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.0224
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0233
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.0246
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: -0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000913)
    Fold Change: -0.0283
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0289
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.0292
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0292
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3300
  • Cell Name: capillary endothelial cell (CL0002144)
    Fold Change: -0.0308
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0311
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
    Fold Change: -0.0335
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3300
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.0345
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0345
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.0348
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4500
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: -0.0370
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: -0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4500
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0374
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4700
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.0376
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: -0.0393
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3300
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.0416
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: -0.0416
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4700
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: retina horizontal cell (CL0000745)
    Fold Change: -0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: conventional dendritic cell (CL0000990)
    Fold Change: -0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: -0.0465
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: -0.0470
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: classical monocyte (CL0000860)
    Fold Change: -0.0473
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.0473
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: erythroblast (CL0000765)
    Fold Change: -0.0486
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: granulocyte (CL0000094)
    Fold Change: -0.0493
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000900)
    Fold Change: -0.0506
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.0521
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.0523
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: -0.0530
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: -0.0532
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.0538
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.0538
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8900
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: -0.0539
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell (CL0002399)
    Fold Change: -0.0540
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0552
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.0560
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.0563
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: naive T cell (CL0000898)
    Fold Change: -0.0572
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.0588
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: -0.0590
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: -0.0596
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4500
  • Cell Name: CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human (CL0000939)
    Fold Change: -0.0614
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001050)
    Fold Change: -0.0616
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: adipocyte (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: -0.0625
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: brain vascular cell (CL4023072)
    Fold Change: -0.0630
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: -0.0631
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000809)
    Fold Change: -0.0631
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: -0.0640
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.0645
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: -0.0660
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.0661
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: cerebellar neuron (CL1001611)
    Fold Change: -0.0663
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: -0.0663
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: vein endothelial cell (CL0002543)
    Fold Change: -0.0664
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: -0.0676
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.0680
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.0683
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.0691
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Substrate specificity:** PGK2 exhibits a high substrate specificity, primarily targeting 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, which is a key intermediate in the glycolytic pathway. 2. **ATP generation:** PGK2 is responsible for generating ATP by converting 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate, thereby reducing the energy barrier for glycolysis. 3. **Cellular localization:** PGK2 is found in various cellular compartments, including the cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular exosome, highlighting its diverse roles in energy metabolism and cellular differentiation. 4. **Expression pattern:** PGK2 is significantly expressed in cells involved in energy metabolism, such as blood vessel endothelial cells and absorptive cells, as well as in cells undergoing differentiation, including oligodendrocyte precursor cells and glutamatergic neurons. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Glycolysis:** PGK2 is a critical enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, catalyzing the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate, generating ATP and reducing the energy barrier for glycolysis. 2. **Glucose metabolism:** PGK2 plays a role in glucose metabolism, regulating the conversion of glucose to pyruvate and contributing to energy production. 3. **Differentiation:** PGK2 has been implicated in cellular differentiation, influencing the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism and cellular proliferation. 4. **Apoptosis:** PGK2 has been shown to regulate apoptosis, influencing the survival of cells under stress conditions. 5. **Sperm motility:** PGK2 has been identified as a critical enzyme in flagellated sperm motility, regulating the energy production necessary for sperm movement. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** PGK2 has been implicated in cancer progression, with altered expression levels associated with tumor growth and metastasis. 2. **Neurological disorders:** PGK2 has been linked to neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where energy metabolism and cellular differentiation are disrupted. 3. **Metabolic disorders:** PGK2 has been associated with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity, where energy metabolism is impaired. 4. **Spermatological disorders:** PGK2 has been implicated in spermatological disorders, such as infertility and male factor infertility, where sperm motility is impaired. In conclusion, PGK2 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in energy metabolism, cellular differentiation, and cellular survival. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of PGK2 in maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall health. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of PGK2 in human disease and to develop therapeutic strategies targeting this enzyme.

Genular Protein ID: 719043473

Symbol: PGK2_HUMAN

Name: Phosphoglycerate kinase 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P07205 B2R6Y8 Q9H107

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 8 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 2 EMBL 4 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 12 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HAMAP 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 2 PIRSF 1 PRIDE 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3453121

Title: Human testis-specific PGK gene lacks introns and possesses characteristics of a processed gene.

PubMed ID: 3453121

DOI: 10.1038/326501a0

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 26677959

Title: Characteristics of testis-specific phosphoglycerate kinase 2 and its association with human sperm quality.

PubMed ID: 26677959

DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev301

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 417
  • Mass: 44796
  • Checksum: 0CD5C71C2D3A9272
  • Sequence:
    • MSLSKKLTLD KLDVRGKRVI MRVDFNVPMK KNQITNNQRI KASIPSIKYC LDNGAKAVVL 
MSHLGRPDGV PMPDKYSLAP VAVELKSLLG KDVLFLKDCV GAEVEKACAN PAPGSVILLE 
NLRFHVEEEG KGQDPSGKKI KAEPDKIEAF RASLSKLGDV YVNDAFGTAH RAHSSMVGVN 
LPHKASGFLM KKELDYFAKA LENPVRPFLA ILGGAKVADK IQLIKNMLDK VNEMIIGGGM 
AYTFLKVLNN MEIGASLFDE EGAKIVKDIM AKAQKNGVRI TFPVDFVTGD KFDENAQVGK 
ATVASGISPG WMGLDCGPES NKNHAQVVAQ ARLIVWNGPL GVFEWDAFAK GTKALMDEIV 
KATSKGCITV IGGGDTATCC AKWNTEDKVS HVSTGGGASL ELLEGKILPG VEALSNM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.