Details for: GNAI1

Gene ID: 2770

Symbol: GNAI1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000127955

Description: G protein subunit alpha i1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 2.87
    Marker Score: 3472
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: 2.78
    Marker Score: 6653
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: 2.25
    Marker Score: 17265
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 31525.5
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Marker Score: 3757.5
  • Cell Name: vip GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Marker Score: 74084
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 3339
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Marker Score: 2491
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Marker Score: 4894
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Marker Score: 618
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 6831
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 16374
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 1731
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 30267
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 100510
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 6631
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 15038.5
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 58954
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Marker Score: 13414.5
  • Cell Name: renal interstitial pericyte (CL1001318)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 1461
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 890
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 5960
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of large intestine (CL1000279)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 570
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 28852
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 1598
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0002371)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Marker Score: 1508
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 2137
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Marker Score: 1438
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Marker Score: 388
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Marker Score: 537
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Marker Score: 882
  • Cell Name: neuronal brush cell (CL0000555)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Marker Score: 4398
  • Cell Name: fat cell (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 726
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 7685
  • Cell Name: preosteoblast (CL0007010)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Marker Score: 366
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Marker Score: 855
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Marker Score: 5833
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Marker Score: 5144
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous fat cell (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Marker Score: 448
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Marker Score: 7898
  • Cell Name: stellate neuron (CL0000122)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Marker Score: 6507
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 2953
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 1551
  • Cell Name: alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell (CL4028006)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 668
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 5173
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 1271
  • Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 439
  • Cell Name: nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000494)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 273
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 947
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000123)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 5990
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 1199
  • Cell Name: respiratory epithelial cell (CL0002368)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 623
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Marker Score: 970
  • Cell Name: vascular leptomeningeal cell (CL4023051)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 1282
  • Cell Name: chromaffin cell (CL0000166)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 1565
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 381
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 1366
  • Cell Name: oogonial cell (CL0000024)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 1585
  • Cell Name: brainstem motor neuron (CL2000047)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Marker Score: 630
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Marker Score: 454
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 2244
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 10995
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 1067
  • Cell Name: CNS interneuron (CL0000402)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 509
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 1447
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 35901
  • Cell Name: peripheral nervous system neuron (CL2000032)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Marker Score: 1156
  • Cell Name: primary sensory neuron (sensu Teleostei) (CL0000531)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Marker Score: 345
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Marker Score: 526
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of sinusoid (CL0002262)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Marker Score: 245
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 1833
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71738
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 47963
  • Cell Name: A2 amacrine cell (CL0004219)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 314
  • Cell Name: type EC enteroendocrine cell (CL0000577)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 927
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30401
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 286
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 2304
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 2655
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell precursor (CL0002362)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 545
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract (CL0002632)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 4043
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 495
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 451
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 1151
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2408
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 729
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 9439
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 14659
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 3860
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 1115
  • Cell Name: myofibroblast cell (CL0000186)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 1138
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 1415.5
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2015
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 333
  • Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 206
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 548
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 365
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2725
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 1315.5
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 842

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - GNAI1 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. - It is a transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa. - GNAI1 is a key regulator of insulin secretion in the pancreatic islets of the pancreas. - It is also involved in the regulation of inflammation, cell migration, and apoptosis. **Pathways and functions:** - GNAI1 is a key regulator of insulin secretion. It binds to epinephrine and norepinephrine, hormones that are released in response to stress and inflammation. - When GNAI1 binds to epinephrine or norepinephrine, it activates the G protein Gα1β. - Gα1β activates p2y purinoceptor 12, which is a key regulator of insulin secretion. - GNAI1 is also involved in the regulation of inflammation. It is expressed in inflammatory cells, and its expression is increased in response to inflammation. - GNAI1 also regulates cell migration and apoptosis. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the GNAI1 gene have been linked to a number of diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and cancer. - In diabetes, mutations in GNAI1 can lead to the production of a mutated G protein that is unable to activate p2y purinoceptor 12. This leads to the hypersecretion of insulin, which can result in high blood sugar levels. - GNAI1 mutations can also lead to the activation of the G protein Gα1β, which can lead to inflammation and cell death. This can contribute to the development of a number of chronic diseases, including cancer and heart disease. **Other important points:** - GNAI1 is a highly conserved protein. It is found in organisms from flies to humans. - GNAI1 is a promising target for the treatment of diabetes and other diseases that are caused by mutations in the GNAI1 gene.

Genular Protein ID: 3386439039

Symbol: GNAI1_HUMAN

Name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P63096 A8KA88 B4E2V1 C9J3A4 P04898 P11015 P31871 Q5U074 Q8TAN5 Q9UGA4

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CPTAC 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 8 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 ELM 1 EMBL 14 EMDB 100 EPD 1 Ensembl 16 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 29 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 IDEAL 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 100 PDBsum 100 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 10 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11230166

Title: Towards a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 11230166

DOI: 10.1101/gr.gr1547r

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2834384

Title: Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs.

PubMed ID: 2834384

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68692-2

PubMed ID: 3110783

Title: Human cDNA clones for an alpha subunit of Gi signal-transduction protein.

PubMed ID: 3110783

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.15.5115

PubMed ID: 15242332

Title: Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes.

PubMed ID: 15242332

DOI: 10.1042/bj20040647

PubMed ID: 8774883

Title: RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity.

PubMed ID: 8774883

DOI: 10.1038/383175a0

PubMed ID: 17635935

Title: Localization of Gi alpha proteins in the centrosomes and at the midbody: implication for their role in cell division.

PubMed ID: 17635935

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200604114

PubMed ID: 19211784

Title: GIV is a nonreceptor GEF for G alpha i with a unique motif that regulates Akt signaling.

PubMed ID: 19211784

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900294106

PubMed ID: 20213681

Title: Strategy for comprehensive identification of human N-myristoylated proteins using an insect cell-free protein synthesis system.

PubMed ID: 20213681

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900783

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22327364

Title: Chromosome- and spindle-pole-derived signals generate an intrinsic code for spindle position and orientation.

PubMed ID: 22327364

DOI: 10.1038/ncb2440

PubMed ID: 24141704

Title: A bacterial toxin catalyzing tyrosine glycosylation of Rho and deamidation of Gq and Gi proteins.

PubMed ID: 24141704

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2688

PubMed ID: 25255805

Title: Global profiling of co- and post-translationally N-myristoylated proteomes in human cells.

PubMed ID: 25255805

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5919

PubMed ID: 26126266

Title: Daple is a novel non-receptor GEF required for trimeric G protein activation in Wnt signaling.

PubMed ID: 26126266

DOI: 10.7554/elife.07091

PubMed ID: 26766442

Title: SAPCD2 controls spindle orientation and asymmetric divisions by negatively regulating the Galphai-LGN-NuMA ternary complex.

PubMed ID: 26766442

DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.12.016

PubMed ID: 11976690

Title: Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits.

PubMed ID: 11976690

DOI: 10.1038/416878a

PubMed ID: 16004878

Title: Structure of Galpha(i1) bound to a GDP-selective peptide provides insight into guanine nucleotide exchange.

PubMed ID: 16004878

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2005.04.007

PubMed ID: 17603074

Title: Structure-based protocol for identifying mutations that enhance protein-protein binding affinities.

PubMed ID: 17603074

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.05.096

PubMed ID: 17264214

Title: Structural basis for nucleotide exchange on G alpha i subunits and receptor coupling specificity.

PubMed ID: 17264214

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608599104

PubMed ID: 22408789

Title:

PubMed ID: 22408789

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1200173109

PubMed ID: 18434541

Title: Structural diversity in the RGS domain and its interaction with heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunits.

PubMed ID: 18434541

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0801508105

PubMed ID: 21115486

Title: Structural determinants of affinity enhancement between GoLoco motifs and G-protein alpha subunit mutants.

PubMed ID: 21115486

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.190496

PubMed ID: 22952234

Title: Crystal structures of the scaffolding protein LGN reveal the general mechanism by which GoLoco binding motifs inhibit the release of GDP from Galphai.

PubMed ID: 22952234

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.391607

PubMed ID: 22383884

Title: A P-loop mutation in Galpha subunits prevents transition to the active state: implications for G-protein signaling in fungal pathogenesis.

PubMed ID: 22383884

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002553

PubMed ID: 35061538

Title: Atypical structural snapshots of human cytomegalovirus GPCR interactions with host G proteins.

PubMed ID: 35061538

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5442

PubMed ID: 35501348

Title: Activation and allosteric regulation of the orphan GPR88-Gi1 signaling complex.

PubMed ID: 35501348

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30081-5

PubMed ID: 34685729

Title: Pediatric Encephalopathy: Clinical, Biochemical and Cellular Insights into the Role of Gln52 of GNAO1 and GNAI1 for the Dominant Disease.

PubMed ID: 34685729

DOI: 10.3390/cells10102749

PubMed ID: 33473207

Title: Variants in GNAI1 cause a syndrome associated with variable features including developmental delay, seizures, and hypotonia.

PubMed ID: 33473207

DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-01076-8

PubMed ID: 34819662

Title: Novel de novo pathogenic variant in the GNAI1 gene as a cause of severe disorders of intellectual development.

PubMed ID: 34819662

DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00988-w

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 354
  • Mass: 40361
  • Checksum: 9F88311B46E62DE3
  • Sequence:
    • MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV KQMKIIHEAG 
YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMGR LKIDFGDSAR ADDARQLFVL AGAAEEGFMT 
AELAGVIKRL WKDSGVQACF NRSREYQLND SAAYYLNDLD RIAQPNYIPT QQDVLRTRVK 
TTGIVETHFT FKDLHFKMFD VGGQRSERKK WIHCFEGVTA IIFCVALSDY DLVLAEDEEM 
NRMHESMKLF DSICNNKWFT DTSIILFLNK KDLFEEKIKK SPLTICYPEY AGSNTYEEAA 
AYIQCQFEDL NKRKDTKEIY THFTCATDTK NVQFVFDAVT DVIIKNNLKD CGLF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.