PAX4 | ENSG00000106331 | NCBI 5078

Details for: PAX4

Gene ID: 5078

Symbol: PAX4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000106331

Description: paired box 4

Associated with

Developmental biology
(R-HSA-1266738)
Regulation of beta-cell development
(R-HSA-186712)
Regulation of gene expression in endocrine-committed (neurog3+) progenitor cells
(R-HSA-210746)
Animal organ morphogenesis
(GO:0009887)
Brain development
(GO:0007420)
Cell differentiation
(GO:0030154)
Chromatin
(GO:0000785)
Dna-binding transcription factor activity, rna polymerase ii-specific
(GO:0000981)
Dna binding
(GO:0003677)
Forebrain development
(GO:0030900)
Nervous system development
(GO:0007399)
Nucleoplasm
(GO:0005654)
Regulation of transcription by rna polymerase ii
(GO:0006357)
Retina development in camera-type eye
(GO:0060041)
Rna polymerase ii cis-regulatory region sequence-specific dna binding
(GO:0000978)
Sensory organ development
(GO:0007423)
Sequence-specific double-stranded dna binding
(GO:1990837)
Type b pancreatic cell differentiation
(GO:0003309)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
Fold Change: 4.0065
Cell Significance Index: 48.4300
Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
Fold Change: 3.8925
Cell Significance Index: 238.6500
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
Fold Change: 2.4569
Cell Significance Index: 78.6900
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
Fold Change: 1.4373
Cell Significance Index: 65.1500
Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
Fold Change: 1.1671
Cell Significance Index: 19.9500
Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
Fold Change: 0.9137
Cell Significance Index: 12.5300
Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
Fold Change: 0.7848
Cell Significance Index: 19.0100
Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
Fold Change: 0.6713
Cell Significance Index: 7.9100
Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
Fold Change: 0.6649
Cell Significance Index: 8.7500
Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
Fold Change: 0.6453
Cell Significance Index: 63.8300
Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
Fold Change: 0.5933
Cell Significance Index: 535.6900
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
Fold Change: 0.5473
Cell Significance Index: 11.6600
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
Fold Change: 0.4165
Cell Significance Index: 79.2700
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
Fold Change: 0.3931
Cell Significance Index: 42.7600
Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
Fold Change: 0.3614
Cell Significance Index: 58.7800
Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
Fold Change: 0.3253
Cell Significance Index: 19.5300
Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
Fold Change: 0.2219
Cell Significance Index: 15.3500
Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
Fold Change: 0.2072
Cell Significance Index: 2.0500
Cell Name: chromaffin cell (CL0000166)
Fold Change: 0.1434
Cell Significance Index: 1.5800
Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
Fold Change: 0.0454
Cell Significance Index: 0.6500
Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
Fold Change: 0.0448
Cell Significance Index: 0.5300
Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
Fold Change: 0.0319
Cell Significance Index: 0.3300
Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
Fold Change: 0.0128
Cell Significance Index: 0.1700
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
Fold Change: 0.0096
Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
Cell Name: multi-ciliated epithelial cell (CL0005012)
Fold Change: 0.0095
Cell Significance Index: 0.1000
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
Fold Change: 0.0087
Cell Significance Index: 0.2500
Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
Fold Change: 0.0018
Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
Fold Change: -0.0007
Cell Significance Index: -0.5000
Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
Fold Change: -0.0009
Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
Fold Change: -0.0023
Cell Significance Index: -0.0300
Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
Fold Change: -0.0027
Cell Significance Index: -0.0300
Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
Fold Change: -0.0038
Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
Fold Change: -0.0094
Cell Significance Index: -5.1400
Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
Fold Change: -0.0102
Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
Fold Change: -0.0110
Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
Fold Change: -0.0115
Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
Fold Change: -0.0126
Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
Fold Change: -0.0128
Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell (CL0002062)
Fold Change: -0.0150
Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
Fold Change: -0.0153
Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
Fold Change: -0.0182
Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
Fold Change: -0.0199
Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
Fold Change: -0.0199
Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
Fold Change: -0.0203
Cell Significance Index: -4.0800
Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
Fold Change: -0.0214
Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
Fold Change: -0.0258
Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
Fold Change: -0.0285
Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
Fold Change: -0.0288
Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
Fold Change: -0.0391
Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
Cell Name: unswitched memory B cell (CL0000970)
Fold Change: -0.0403
Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
Fold Change: -0.0429
Cell Significance Index: -8.5100
Cell Name: memory T cell (CL0000813)
Fold Change: -0.0434
Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
Cell Name: neuroplacodal cell (CL0000032)
Fold Change: -0.0512
Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
Fold Change: -0.0554
Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
Fold Change: -0.0585
Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
Fold Change: -0.0607
Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
Fold Change: -0.0613
Cell Significance Index: -3.4400
Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
Fold Change: -0.0644
Cell Significance Index: -1.6400
Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
Fold Change: -0.0669
Cell Significance Index: -7.6600
Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
Fold Change: -0.0688
Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
Fold Change: -0.0813
Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
Fold Change: -0.0874
Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
Fold Change: -0.0948
Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
Cell Name: neutrophil (CL0000775)
Fold Change: -0.0997
Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
Fold Change: -0.1098
Cell Significance Index: -2.1900
Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
Fold Change: -0.1102
Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
Cell Name: glioblast (CL0000030)
Fold Change: -0.1131
Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
Fold Change: -0.1134
Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
Fold Change: -0.1201
Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
Fold Change: -0.1231
Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
Cell Name: pancreatic epsilon cell (CL0005019)
Fold Change: -0.1317
Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
Fold Change: -0.1335
Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
Fold Change: -0.1431
Cell Significance Index: -1.4600
Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
Fold Change: -0.1473
Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
Fold Change: -0.1536
Cell Significance Index: -5.0300
Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
Fold Change: -0.1586
Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
Fold Change: -0.1622
Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
Fold Change: -0.1653
Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
Fold Change: -0.1657
Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
Fold Change: -0.1679
Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
Fold Change: -0.1714
Cell Significance Index: -3.3900
Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) (CL0000338)
Fold Change: -0.1837
Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
Fold Change: -0.1908
Cell Significance Index: -3.0900
Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
Fold Change: -0.2015
Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
Fold Change: -0.2017
Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
Fold Change: -0.2046
Cell Significance Index: -5.1200
Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
Fold Change: -0.2069
Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
Fold Change: -0.2356
Cell Significance Index: -5.0900
Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
Fold Change: -0.2379
Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
Fold Change: -0.2532
Cell Significance Index: -2.1400
Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
Fold Change: -0.2570
Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
Fold Change: -0.2704
Cell Significance Index: -4.5300
Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
Fold Change: -0.2709
Cell Significance Index: -3.3600
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
Fold Change: -0.2709
Cell Significance Index: -2.6000
Cell Name: retina horizontal cell (CL0000745)
Fold Change: -0.2741
Cell Significance Index: -3.4400
Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
Fold Change: -0.2834
Cell Significance Index: -3.4400
Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
Fold Change: -0.2890
Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
Fold Change: -0.2891
Cell Significance Index: -7.7200
Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
Fold Change: -0.2967
Cell Significance Index: -5.0400
Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
Fold Change: -0.2979
Cell Significance Index: -5.1500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Other Information

Description

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Paired Box Domain:** PAX4 contains a characteristic paired box (PAX) domain, which is a conserved DNA-binding motif essential for its transcriptional regulatory functions. 2. **Tissue-Specific Expression:** PAX4 is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including neuroendocrine cells, blood vessel endothelial cells, and immune cells, suggesting its role in regulating cell-specific gene expression. 3. **Transcriptional Regulation:** PAX4 acts as a transcription factor, binding to specific DNA sequences to regulate the expression of target genes involved in development, differentiation, and endocrine function. 4. **Cis-Regulatory Elements:** PAX4 interacts with cis-regulatory elements, such as enhancers and promoters, to regulate gene expression in response to developmental cues. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Regulation of Endocrine Development:** PAX4 plays a critical role in regulating endocrine development, particularly in the regulation of beta-cell development and the differentiation of endocrine-committed progenitor cells. 2. **Cell Differentiation:** PAX4 is involved in regulating cell differentiation, including the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and microglial cells. 3. **Transcriptional Regulation:** PAX4 regulates the expression of target genes involved in transcriptional regulation, including the regulation of RNA polymerase II-specific transcription. 4. **Chromatin Remodeling:** PAX4 interacts with chromatin remodeling complexes to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Endocrine Disorders:** PAX4 dysregulation has been implicated in various endocrine disorders, including diabetes and thyroid dysfunction, highlighting its importance in endocrine development and regulation. 2. **Cancer:** PAX4 has been identified as a potential oncogene in certain types of cancer, including pancreatic and thyroid cancer, suggesting its role in tumorigenesis. 3. **Neurological Disorders:** PAX4 has been implicated in the regulation of neuronal development and function, making it a potential target for treating neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. 4. **Immunological Disorders:** PAX4 is expressed in immune cells, suggesting its role in regulating immune responses and potentially contributing to immunological disorders. In conclusion, PAX4 is a critical transcription factor involved in regulating development, differentiation, and endocrine function. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including endocrine disorders, cancer, and neurological disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PAX4's functions and its role in human disease.

Disclaimer: This summary is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.