Details for: KLHL29

Gene ID: 114818

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: KLHL29

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000119771

Description: kelch like family member 29

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 32.65
    rCSI 57.65%
    PRS 34.14
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 27.26
    rCSI 45.76%
    PRS 35.14
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 18.95
    rCSI 23.58%
    PRS 33.42
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 18.52
    rCSI 21.39%
    PRS 45.96
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 17.37
    rCSI 32.53%
    PRS 41.13
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 17.35
    rCSI 42.17%
    PRS 33.92
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 15.02
    rCSI 54.06%
    PRS 33.85
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 14.82
    rCSI 24.41%
    PRS 57.65
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 13.66
    rCSI 34.55%
    PRS 60.65
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 12.9
    rCSI 22.31%
    PRS 42.41
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 12.79
    rCSI 35.98%
    PRS 50.36
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 12.1
    rCSI 37.8%
    PRS 36.52
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 12.06
    rCSI 14.4%
    PRS 34.99
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 11.77
    rCSI 18.94%
    PRS 37.28
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 11.69
    rCSI 23.2%
    PRS 50.43
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 11.54
    rCSI 14.81%
    PRS 49.81
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 11.13
    rCSI 49.47%
    PRS 51.13
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 11.06
    rCSI 14.26%
    PRS 36.2
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 10.85
    rCSI 34.7%
    PRS 49.03
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 9.47
    rCSI 32.45%
    PRS 42.26
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 9.28
    rCSI 12.7%
    PRS 47.05
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 9.07
    rCSI 13.41%
    PRS 57.5
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 8.96
    rCSI 28.01%
    PRS 38.99
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 8.43
    rCSI 9.23%
    PRS 55.89
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 21.72%
    PRS 47.64
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 8.32
    rCSI 10.68%
    PRS 46.24
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 8.19
    rCSI 14.36%
    PRS 44.27
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 7.29
    rCSI 16.83%
    PRS 42.42
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 6.71
    rCSI 9.87%
    PRS 46.61
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 6.64
    rCSI 16.23%
    PRS 46.83
  • medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron CL4023063
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 65.95%
    PRS 17.24
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 6.46
    rCSI 24.39%
    PRS 41.56
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 6.35
    rCSI 33.39%
    PRS 58.83
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 6.3
    rCSI 11.11%
    PRS 49.69
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 6.19
    rCSI 23.38%
    PRS 35.97
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 6.13
    rCSI 16.31%
    PRS 43.06
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 5.91
    rCSI 16.8%
    PRS 50.83
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 11.98%
    PRS 33.12
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 5.75
    rCSI 21.54%
    PRS 44.54
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 5.67
    rCSI 41.66%
    PRS 39.51
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 5.63
    rCSI 9.21%
    PRS 41.99
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 5.54
    rCSI 31.3%
    PRS 37.89
  • subcutaneous adipocyte CL0002521
    CSI 5.49
    rCSI 28.13%
    PRS 56.07
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 5.49
    rCSI 8.38%
    PRS 52.76
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 5.39
    rCSI 7.64%
    PRS 48.64
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 5.35
    rCSI 7.16%
    PRS 53.2
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 5.15
    rCSI 3.82%
    PRS 45.02
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 5.08
    rCSI 6.28%
    PRS 48.02
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 5.05
    rCSI 10.15%
    PRS 41.45
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 4.82
    rCSI 7.66%
    PRS 44.67
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 22.98%
    PRS 52.01
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.64
    rCSI 3.66%
    PRS 39.28
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 4.57
    rCSI 26.91%
    PRS 36.6
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 4.57
    rCSI 9.91%
    PRS 41.43
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 4.54
    rCSI 8.25%
    PRS 44.97
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 4.53
    rCSI 9.39%
    PRS 49.51
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 53.14
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 4.32
    rCSI 12.51%
    PRS 42.57
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 4.12
    rCSI 8.46%
    PRS 44.41
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 4.01
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 40.43
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 3.96
    rCSI 10.9%
    PRS 48.24
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 3.87
    rCSI 3.61%
    PRS 51.87
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 3.87
    rCSI 6.83%
    PRS 60.41
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 3.86
    rCSI 5.99%
    PRS 60.78
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 3.84
    rCSI 18.4%
    PRS 51.33
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 3.84
    rCSI 8.76%
    PRS 44.76
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 32.73%
    PRS 39.28
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 3.77
    rCSI 11.13%
    PRS 50.43
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 11.05%
    PRS 53.49
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 3.37
    rCSI 9%
    PRS 44.06
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 3.33
    rCSI 19.21%
    PRS 52.66
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 3.29
    rCSI 5.83%
    PRS 30.69
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 3.16
    rCSI 4.99%
    PRS 53.37
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 3
    rCSI 9.87%
    PRS 40.21
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 2.92
    rCSI 13.03%
    PRS 37.24
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 9.66%
    PRS 38.81
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 6.24%
    PRS 39.36
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 52.57
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 4.26%
    PRS 56.08
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 2.44
    rCSI 9.29%
    PRS 44.22
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 2.42
    rCSI 9.75%
    PRS 50.52
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.33
    rCSI 55.87%
    PRS 34.61
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 55.57%
    PRS 35.58
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 21.03%
    PRS 66.41
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 4.88%
    PRS 61.02
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 3.08%
    PRS 49.97
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 3.17%
    PRS 42.24
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 3.01%
    PRS 26.91
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.42%
    PRS 50.74
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 12.71%
    PRS 46.64
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 3.99%
    PRS 41.96
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 8.27%
    PRS 66.07
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 1.26
    rCSI 2.78%
    PRS 49.76
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.39%
    PRS 42.06
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.18
    rCSI 9.61%
    PRS 45.78
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 1.03
    rCSI 4.51%
    PRS 49.75
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 0.94
    rCSI 6.64%
    PRS 44.3
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 0.74
    rCSI 0.89%
    PRS 50.02
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.46
    rCSI 9.31%
    PRS 43.73
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 0.45
    rCSI 9.24%
    PRS 45.05
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 51.9%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 45.1%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 9.3%
    PRS 43.7%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 50.0%
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 44.3%
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 49.8%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 45.8%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 42.1%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 49.8%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 8.3%
    PRS 66.1%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 42.0%
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 12.7%
    PRS 46.6%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 50.7%
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 26.9%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 42.2%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 50.0%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 61.0%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 21.0%
    PRS 66.4%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 55.6%
    PRS 35.6%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 55.9%
    PRS 34.6%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 50.5%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 9.3%
    PRS 44.2%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 56.1%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 52.6%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 39.4%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 9.7%
    PRS 38.8%
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 13.0%
    PRS 37.2%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 40.2%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 53.4%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 30.7%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 19.2%
    PRS 52.7%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 9.0%
    PRS 44.1%
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 53.5%
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 50.4%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 32.7%
    PRS 39.3%
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 44.8%
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 18.4%
    PRS 51.3%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 60.8%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 60.4%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 51.9%
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 10.9%
    PRS 48.2%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 40.4%
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 44.4%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 12.5%
    PRS 42.6%
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 53.1%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 9.4%
    PRS 49.5%
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 8.3%
    PRS 45.0%
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 41.4%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 26.9%
    PRS 36.6%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 39.3%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 23.0%
    PRS 52.0%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 7.7%
    PRS 44.7%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 41.5%
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 48.0%
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 45.0%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 53.2%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 48.6%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 52.8%
  • subcutaneous adipocyte CL0002521
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 28.1%
    PRS 56.1%
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 31.3%
    PRS 37.9%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 42.0%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 41.7%
    PRS 39.5%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 21.5%
    PRS 44.5%
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 12.0%
    PRS 33.1%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 16.8%
    PRS 50.8%
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 16.3%
    PRS 43.1%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 23.4%
    PRS 36.0%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 6.3
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 49.7%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 33.4%
    PRS 58.8%
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 6.5
    rCSI 24.4%
    PRS 41.6%
  • medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron CL4023063
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 66.0%
    PRS 17.2%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 16.2%
    PRS 46.8%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 46.6%
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 16.8%
    PRS 42.4%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 14.4%
    PRS 44.3%
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 8.3
    rCSI 10.7%
    PRS 46.2%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 21.7%
    PRS 47.6%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 55.9%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 9.0
    rCSI 28.0%
    PRS 39.0%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 9.1
    rCSI 13.4%
    PRS 57.5%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 9.3
    rCSI 12.7%
    PRS 47.1%
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 9.5
    rCSI 32.5%
    PRS 42.3%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 10.9
    rCSI 34.7%
    PRS 49.0%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 11.1
    rCSI 14.3%
    PRS 36.2%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 11.1
    rCSI 49.5%
    PRS 51.1%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 11.5
    rCSI 14.8%
    PRS 49.8%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 11.7
    rCSI 23.2%
    PRS 50.4%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 11.8
    rCSI 18.9%
    PRS 37.3%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 12.1
    rCSI 14.4%
    PRS 35.0%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 12.1
    rCSI 37.8%
    PRS 36.5%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 12.8
    rCSI 36.0%
    PRS 50.4%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 12.9
    rCSI 22.3%
    PRS 42.4%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 13.7
    rCSI 34.6%
    PRS 60.7%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 14.8
    rCSI 24.4%
    PRS 57.7%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 15.0
    rCSI 54.1%
    PRS 33.9%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 17.4
    rCSI 42.2%
    PRS 33.9%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 17.4
    rCSI 32.5%
    PRS 41.1%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 18.5
    rCSI 21.4%
    PRS 46.0%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 19.0
    rCSI 23.6%
    PRS 33.4%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 27.3
    rCSI 45.8%
    PRS 35.1%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2 that encodes Kelch-like protein 29. This protein functions as a substrate-recognition component of a Cullin 3 (CUL3)-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Its primary role involves mediating the [proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process](/details-go/GO:0043161), thereby targeting specific proteins for degradation. Expression data indicates that [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) is a highly significant marker in the central nervous system, with particularly strong expression in diverse neuronal subtypes, including various cortical interneurons and glutamatergic neurons. This expression pattern suggests a critical role in maintaining protein homeostasis essential for neuronal development, function, and survival. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The **Overall** expression profile of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) highlights its prominent role within the nervous system. It exhibits exceptionally high significance in a range of inhibitory interneurons, including [caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023064) (CSI: 32.65), [lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023011) (CSI: 27.26), and [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018) (CSI: 18.95). Furthermore, it is a key marker in excitatory neurons such as [L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL4023040) (CSI: 17.35) and [L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023041) (CSI: 15.02). This broad yet specific expression across functionally distinct neuronal populations suggests its involvement in fundamental processes common to neuronal biology, such as synaptic maintenance or proteostasis. The importance of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) in the nervous system is further underscored by its high significance in [neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)](/details-cell/CL0000338) (CSI: 18.52) and [retinal bipolar neuron](/details-cell/CL0000748) (CSI: 17.37), indicating a potential role in both neural development and specialized sensory circuits. The identification of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) cDNA clones from brain tissue further supports its relevance in this context ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/8.4.179)). While its primary signature is neuronal, [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) also shows notable expression in select non-neuronal cell types. These include [alveolar macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000583) (CSI: 14.82), [myoepithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000185) (CSI: 13.66), and [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602) (CSI: 12.90). This suggests that its function in regulating protein turnover is not exclusive to neurons but may be adapted for specialized roles in tissue-resident immune cells, contractile epithelial cells, and the blood-brain barrier. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) is annotated as a key component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. It exhibits [ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity](/details-go/GO:1990756) by physically associating with the [Cul3-ring ubiquitin ligase complex](/details-go/GO:0031463). In this role, [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) acts as the specificity factor, binding to target proteins and presenting them to the E3 ligase machinery for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. This [protein binding](/details-go/GO:0005515) function is central to its role in cellular protein quality control and the regulation of protein abundance. Given its high expression in the cytoplasm of diverse neuronal types, the [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818)-mediated degradation pathway is likely critical for neuronal health. It may be involved in degrading misfolded proteins to prevent proteotoxicity, a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases, or in the tightly regulated turnover of proteins involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity. The precise substrates of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) in these cellular contexts remain to be identified. ## Research Directions The specific role of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) in neuronal homeostasis and its potential involvement in other tissues present several avenues for future research. **Proposed Testable Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression across multiple cortical neuron subtypes, [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) targets specific synaptic proteins for degradation, and its dysregulation contributes to synaptic dysfunction underlying neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorders. 2. In [alveolar macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000583), [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) regulates immune responses by targeting key signaling proteins (e.g., inflammatory mediators or their receptors) for degradation, thereby controlling the activation state of these cells in the lung. 3. The expression of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) in developing [neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)](/details-cell/CL0000338) suggests it is essential for proper neuronal differentiation by mediating the timely degradation of proteins that inhibit maturation or promote progenitor states. **Suggested Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) is critical for neuronal function by degrading specific substrates, a multi-step approach could be implemented. First, an unbiased proteomics screen, such as affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) or proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID), could be performed in a human neuronal cell line (e.g., SH-SY5Y) or iPSC-derived neurons expressing tagged [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818). This would identify its direct binding partners and potential substrates. Subsequently, CRISPR-Cas9 could be used to knock out [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) in these neuronal models. The functional consequences could be assessed via RNA-sequencing to identify transcriptional changes, quantitative proteomics to confirm the accumulation of identified substrates, and electrophysiological assays (e.g., patch-clamp) to measure defects in synaptic activity. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a regulator of protein degradation, [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) represents a potential therapeutic target. Its high expression in the central nervous system suggests relevance for neurological disorders. For neurodegenerative diseases characterized by toxic protein aggregation, developing small-molecule activators of [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) could enhance the clearance of pathogenic proteins, provided they are identified as substrates. Conversely, in cancers where [KLHL29](/details-gene/114818) might degrade a tumor suppressor, its inhibition could be a viable strategy. However, the therapeutic utility is entirely dependent on the identification of its specific substrates and a deeper understanding of its role in disease pathology. Its neuron-centric expression profile may offer a degree of specificity, but the challenge of targeting the CNS remains a significant consideration.

Genular Protein ID: 2979811490

Symbol: KLH29_HUMAN

Name: Kelch-like protein 29

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11572484

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXI. The complete sequences of 60 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins.

PubMed ID: 11572484

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/8.4.179

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 875
  • Mass: 94228
  • Checksum: 9B2EBF4F5D0099DD
  • Sequence:
  • MSRHHSRFER DYRVGWDRRE WSVNGTHGTT SICSVTSGAG GGTASSLSVR PGLLPLPVVP 
    SRLPTPATAP APCTTGSSEA ITSLVASSAS AVTTKAPGIS KGDSQSQGLA TSIRWGQTPI 
    NQSTPWDTDE PPSKQMRESD NPGTGPWVTT VAAGNQPTLI AHSYGVAQPP TFSPAVNVQA 
    PVIGVTPSLP PHVGPQLPLM PGHYSLPQPP SQPLSSVVVN MPAQALYASP QPLAVSTLPG 
    VGQVARPGPT AVGNGHMAGP LLPPPPPAQP SATLPSGAPA TNGPPTTDSA HGLQMLRTIG 
    VGKYEFTDPG HPREMLKELN QQRRAKAFTD LKIVVEGREF EVHQNVLASC SLYFKDLIQR 
    SVQDSGQGGR EKLELVLSNL QADVLELLLE FVYTGSLVID SANAKTLLEA ASKFQFHTFC 
    KVCVSFLEKQ LTASNCLGVL AMAEAMQCSE LYHMAKAFAL QIFPEVAAQE EILSISKDDF 
    IAYVSNDSLN TKAEELVYET VIKWIKKDPA TRTQYAAELL AVVRLPFIHP SYLLNVVDNE 
    ELIKSSEACR DLVNEAKRYH MLPHARQEMQ TPRTRPRLSA GVAEVIVLVG GRQMVGMTQR 
    SLVAVTCWNP QNNKWYPLAS LPFYDREFFS VVSAGDNIYL SGGMESGVTL ADVWCYMSLL 
    DNWNLVSRMT VPRCRHNSLV YDGKIYTLGG LGVAGNVDHV ERYDTITNQW EAVAPLPKAV 
    HSAAATVCGG KIYVFGGVNE AGRAAGVLQS YVPQTNTWSF IESPMIDNKY APAVTLNGFV 
    FILGGAYARA TTIYDPEKGN IKAGPNMNHS RQFCSAVVLD GKIYATGGIV SSEGPALGNM 
    EAYEPTTNTW TLLPHMPCPV FRHGCVVIKK YIQSG