Details for: TMEM176A

Gene ID: 55365

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: TMEM176A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000002933

Description: transmembrane protein 176A

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 45.44
    rCSI 47.5%
    PRS 89.45
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 40.95
    rCSI 42.9%
    PRS 93.3
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 38.1
    rCSI 39.91%
    PRS 89.67
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 31.02
    rCSI 44.46%
    PRS 89.78
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 23.84
    rCSI 36.43%
    PRS 93.16
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 21.72
    rCSI 35.77%
    PRS 93.3
  • mast cell CL0000097
    CSI 18.23
    rCSI 39.37%
    PRS 89.88
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 17.55
    rCSI 38.64%
    PRS 93.8
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 16.94
    rCSI 13.76%
    PRS 91.1
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 16.75
    rCSI 48.49%
    PRS 90.97
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 16.34
    rCSI 26.19%
    PRS 95.54
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 15.95
    rCSI 51.75%
    PRS 89.99
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 15.67
    rCSI 25.27%
    PRS 89
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 15.43
    rCSI 29.46%
    PRS 97.66
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 14.94
    rCSI 18.59%
    PRS 91.4
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 14.46
    rCSI 15.37%
    PRS 93.71
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 13.98
    rCSI 12.05%
    PRS 91.21
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 13.36
    rCSI 62.3%
    PRS 94.6
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 13.27
    rCSI 20.29%
    PRS 94.84
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 13.1
    rCSI 19.38%
    PRS 92.97
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 12.97
    rCSI 12.5%
    PRS 87.94
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 12.37
    rCSI 11.51%
    PRS 93.02
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 12
    rCSI 15.09%
    PRS 96.07
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 12
    rCSI 47.78%
    PRS 94.38
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 11.93
    rCSI 33.91%
    PRS 88.47
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 11.51
    rCSI 14.33%
    PRS 96.37
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 10.9
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 88.66
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 10.83
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 93.7
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 10.38
    rCSI 10.21%
    PRS 93.24
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 10.26
    rCSI 19.26%
    PRS 93.3
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 9.98
    rCSI 13.08%
    PRS 96.69
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 9.94
    rCSI 15.26%
    PRS 96.18
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 9.82
    rCSI 17.74%
    PRS 92.63
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 9.68
    rCSI 8.93%
    PRS 92.71
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 9.66
    rCSI 8.57%
    PRS 89.43
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 9.39
    rCSI 8.62%
    PRS 95.37
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 9.32
    rCSI 20.92%
    PRS 97.24
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 9.11
    rCSI 13.92%
    PRS 96.49
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 9.05
    rCSI 8.55%
    PRS 89.74
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 9.04
    rCSI 12.36%
    PRS 89.99
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 8.49
    rCSI 17.97%
    PRS 95.58
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 8.31
    rCSI 16.45%
    PRS 94.02
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 8.23
    rCSI 14.73%
    PRS 90.31
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 8.02
    rCSI 6.18%
    PRS 94.35
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 7.98
    rCSI 29.88%
    PRS 87.9
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 7.97
    rCSI 22.41%
    PRS 88.16
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 7.83
    rCSI 27.79%
    PRS 92.86
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 7.62
    rCSI 32.03%
    PRS 93.29
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 7.45
    rCSI 17.88%
    PRS 91.6
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 7.29
    rCSI 18.84%
    PRS 89.48
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 6.75
    rCSI 9.19%
    PRS 63.98
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 6.74
    rCSI 9.21%
    PRS 90.08
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 6.64
    rCSI 25.83%
    PRS 88.71
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 6.5
    rCSI 10.27%
    PRS 92.63
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 6.15
    rCSI 7.43%
    PRS 95.51
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 6.03
    rCSI 10.83%
    PRS 87.19
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 5.87
    rCSI 8.01%
    PRS 85.76
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 5.64
    rCSI 55.44%
    PRS 94.43
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 5.52
    rCSI 33.1%
    PRS 90.75
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 12.91%
    PRS 89.27
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 5.32
    rCSI 28.99%
    PRS 93.77
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 5.21
    rCSI 27.37%
    PRS 91.44
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 11.07%
    PRS 94.04
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 4.95
    rCSI 11.31%
    PRS 92.63
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 4.85
    rCSI 7.21%
    PRS 90.47
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 4.75
    rCSI 11.61%
    PRS 85.84
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 4.49
    rCSI 11.67%
    PRS 91.1
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 4.37
    rCSI 10.5%
    PRS 92.65
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 4.28
    rCSI 9.56%
    PRS 95.44
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 4.26
    rCSI 10.81%
    PRS 86.33
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 4.26
    rCSI 8.45%
    PRS 88.63
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 4.22
    rCSI 5.98%
    PRS 89.88
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 93.2
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 4.93%
    PRS 91.68
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 4.08
    rCSI 5.19%
    PRS 94.7
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 3.82
    rCSI 6.53%
    PRS 97.63
  • mature NK T cell CL0000814
    CSI 3.75
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 94.98
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 3.71
    rCSI 16.33%
    PRS 81.79
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 13.7%
    PRS 85.79
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 3.32
    rCSI 5.86%
    PRS 94.13
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 3.21
    rCSI 7.31%
    PRS 85.21
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 3.11
    rCSI 5.88%
    PRS 95.52
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 3.02
    rCSI 3.62%
    PRS 90.66
  • microglial cell CL0000129
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 11.09%
    PRS 90.31
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 3.99%
    PRS 96.05
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 93.2
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 5.53%
    PRS 91.69
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 2.35
    rCSI 11.03%
    PRS 93.49
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 2.35
    rCSI 9.07%
    PRS 94.13
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 5.41%
    PRS 93.66
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 5.09%
    PRS 93.09
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 2.14
    rCSI 3.66%
    PRS 93.28
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.18%
    PRS 95.18
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 15.12%
    PRS 95.54
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 12.04%
    PRS 96.02
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 86.55
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 48.09%
    PRS 94.81
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 94.13
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 3.94%
    PRS 87.83
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 23.17%
    PRS 93.99
  • follicular dendritic cell CL0000442
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 9.1%
    PRS 94.9%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 88.3%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 93.1%
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 94.4%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 89.6%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 94.3%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 93.6%
  • myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 97.5%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 96.8%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 92.9%
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 94.3%
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 97.7%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 93.3%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 93.6%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 87.2%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule segment 3 CL4030011
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 87.9%
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 94.6%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 23.2%
    PRS 94.0%
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 87.8%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 94.1%
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 48.1%
    PRS 94.8%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 86.6%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 12.0%
    PRS 96.0%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 95.5%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 95.2%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 93.3%
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 93.1%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 93.7%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 9.1%
    PRS 94.1%
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 11.0%
    PRS 93.5%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 91.7%
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 93.2%
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 96.1%
  • microglial cell CL0000129
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 90.3%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 90.7%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 95.5%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 7.3%
    PRS 85.2%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 94.1%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 13.7%
    PRS 85.8%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 16.3%
    PRS 81.8%
  • mature NK T cell CL0000814
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 95.0%
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 97.6%
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 94.7%
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 91.7%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 93.2%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 89.9%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 88.6%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 86.3%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 95.4%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 10.5%
    PRS 92.7%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 11.7%
    PRS 91.1%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 11.6%
    PRS 85.8%
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 90.5%
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 92.6%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 94.0%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 27.4%
    PRS 91.4%
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 29.0%
    PRS 93.8%
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 12.9%
    PRS 89.3%
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 33.1%
    PRS 90.8%
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 55.4%
    PRS 94.4%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 85.8%
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 87.2%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 95.5%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 6.5
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 92.6%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 25.8%
    PRS 88.7%
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 90.1%
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 64.0%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 18.8%
    PRS 89.5%
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 7.5
    rCSI 17.9%
    PRS 91.6%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 32.0%
    PRS 93.3%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 7.8
    rCSI 27.8%
    PRS 92.9%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 8.0
    rCSI 22.4%
    PRS 88.2%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 8.0
    rCSI 29.9%
    PRS 87.9%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 8.0
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 94.4%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 14.7%
    PRS 90.3%
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 8.3
    rCSI 16.5%
    PRS 94.0%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 8.5
    rCSI 18.0%
    PRS 95.6%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 9.0
    rCSI 12.4%
    PRS 90.0%
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 9.1
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 89.7%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 9.1
    rCSI 13.9%
    PRS 96.5%
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 9.3
    rCSI 20.9%
    PRS 97.2%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 9.4
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 95.4%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 9.7
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 89.4%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 9.7
    rCSI 8.9%
    PRS 92.7%
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 9.8
    rCSI 17.7%
    PRS 92.6%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 9.9
    rCSI 15.3%
    PRS 96.2%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 10.0
    rCSI 13.1%
    PRS 96.7%
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 10.3
    rCSI 19.3%
    PRS 93.3%
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 10.4
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 93.2%
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 10.8
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 93.7%
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 10.9
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 88.7%
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 11.5
    rCSI 14.3%
    PRS 96.4%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 11.9
    rCSI 33.9%
    PRS 88.5%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 12.0
    rCSI 47.8%
    PRS 94.4%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 12.0
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 96.1%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 12.4
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 93.0%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 13.0
    rCSI 12.5%
    PRS 87.9%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 13.1
    rCSI 19.4%
    PRS 93.0%
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 13.3
    rCSI 20.3%
    PRS 94.8%
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 13.4
    rCSI 62.3%
    PRS 94.6%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

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Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 7 that encodes Transmembrane protein 176A, a component of the cell membrane. Expression data indicates that [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) is a significant marker in both epithelial and immune cell populations. **Overall**, it shows particularly high significance in epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as [intestinal epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002563)s and [colonocyte](/details-cell/CL1000347)s. It is also prominently expressed in subsets of myeloid cells, including [alveolar macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000583)s and [mononuclear phagocyte](/details-cell/CL0000113)s. Functionally, it is annotated with a role in the negative regulation of dendritic cell differentiation, suggesting it may play a part in modulating immune responses at mucosal barriers and in tissues. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) highlights a dual role in epithelial barrier tissues and the innate immune system. **Overall**, the gene's highest significance is observed in epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal and pancreatic tissues. It is a top marker for [intestinal epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002563) (CSI: 45.44), [pancreatic A cell](/details-cell/CL0000171) (CSI: 40.95), [colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108) (CSI: 38.10), and related cell types like [colonocyte](/details-cell/CL1000347) and [enterocyte](/details-cell/CL0000584). This strong and consistent signal suggests a fundamental role in the function or maintenance of these barrier tissues. Concurrently, [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) is significantly expressed in various myeloid lineage cells. These include tissue-resident phagocytes like the [alveolar macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000583) (CSI: 21.72), as well as circulating populations such as the [non-classical monocyte](/details-cell/CL0000875) (CSI: 16.34) and broader [mononuclear phagocyte](/details-cell/CL0000113) (CSI: 17.55) group. Its presence in [mast cell](/details-cell/CL0000097)s further supports a role in tissue immunity. This expression pattern in myeloid precursors and effector cells is highly consistent with its annotated function in immune regulation. The gene also shows moderate significance in certain mesenchymal cell types, including [bronchus fibroblast of lung](/details-cell/CL2000093) and [vascular associated smooth muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000359), indicating a broader, albeit less prominent, role in tissue stroma. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) point towards a specific role in immune modulation. - **Biological Process:** [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) is involved in the negative regulation of dendritic cell differentiation ([GO:2001199](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2001199)). Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells critical for initiating adaptive immune responses. By inhibiting their differentiation, [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) may contribute to maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation. This function is directly supported by its expression in [mononuclear phagocyte](/details-cell/CL0000113)s, which are precursors to dendritic cells. - **Cellular Component & Molecular Function:** As a transmembrane protein ([GO:0016020](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016020)), it is correctly localized to mediate signals at the cell surface or within internal membranes. Its annotated ability for protein binding ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)) suggests it likely functions as part of a larger protein complex to exert its regulatory effects. ## Research Directions The dual expression of [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) in both epithelial cells and myeloid cells, combined with its immune-regulatory function, opens several avenues for investigation. ### Proposed Hypotheses: 1. **[TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) functions as a key molecule at the gut epithelial-immune interface, where its expression on intestinal epithelial cells helps maintain mucosal tolerance by suppressing the maturation of nearby antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells.** 2. **In the context of cancer, tumor cells may upregulate [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) as an immune evasion mechanism. This is consistent with its identification as a potential tumor-associated antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma ([Link](https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.169.2.1102)) and its function in negatively regulating dendritic cells, which would blunt anti-tumor immunity within the tumor microenvironment.** ### Suggested Experimental Approach: To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in mucosal tolerance, a co-culture experiment could be designed. - First, use CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) in a human intestinal epithelial cell line (e.g., Caco-2). - These knockout cells, along with wild-type controls, would be co-cultured with primary human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood. - After a period of co-culture, the differentiation of monocytes into mature dendritic cells would be quantified using flow cytometry, assessing surface markers like CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR. - Supernatants would be analyzed for key cytokines (e.g., IL-12 for activation, IL-10 for tolerance) via ELISA or Luminex assay. - An increase in dendritic cell maturation markers and a shift towards a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in the knockout co-culture would provide strong evidence that epithelial-expressed [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) actively suppresses immune cell activation. ### Therapeutic Potential: Given its function as a negative regulator of dendritic cell differentiation, [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) represents a potential therapeutic target for **inhibition** in settings where an enhanced immune response is desirable, such as cancer immunotherapy. Blocking [TMEM176A](/details-gene/55365) function, perhaps with a monoclonal antibody, could "release the brakes" on dendritic cell activation within the tumor microenvironment, promoting a more robust anti-tumor T cell response. However, its high expression in healthy gut epithelial tissue poses a significant risk for on-target, off-tumor toxicity, potentially leading to severe gastrointestinal-related autoimmune side effects. A careful therapeutic window and tumor-specific delivery strategies would be critical for any clinical application.

Genular Protein ID: 1215285788

Symbol: T176A_HUMAN

Name: Transmembrane protein 176A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 12097419

Title: Large scale identification of human hepatocellular carcinoma-associated antigens by autoantibodies.

PubMed ID: 12097419

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.2.1102

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 25130899

Title: Cellular zinc levels are modulated by TRPML1-TMEM163 interaction.

PubMed ID: 25130899

DOI: 10.1111/tra.12205

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 235
  • Mass: 26116
  • Checksum: F44045DC0FEA5C82
  • Sequence:
  • MGTADSDEMA PEAPQHTHID VHIHQESALA KLLLTCCSAL RPRATQARGS SRLLVASWVM 
    QIVLGILSAV LGGFFYIRDY TLLVTSGAAI WTGAVAVLAG AAAFIYEKRG GTYWALLRTL 
    LTLAAFSTAI AALKLWNEDF RYGYSYYNSA CRISSSSDWN TPAPTQSPEE VRRLHLCTSF 
    MDMLKALFRT LQAMLLGVWI LLLLASLTPL WLYCWRMFPT KGKRDQKEML EVSGI