Details for: WWTR1

Gene ID: 25937

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: WWTR1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000018408

Description: WW domain containing transcription regulator 1

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 22.4
    rCSI 27.14%
    PRS 61.43
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 16.11
    rCSI 36.78%
    PRS 71.98
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 15.51
    rCSI 31.47%
    PRS 59.05
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 15.4
    rCSI 28.84%
    PRS 68.94
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 14.14
    rCSI 22.58%
    PRS 83.95
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 13.25
    rCSI 21.62%
    PRS 47.64
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 13.13
    rCSI 64.7%
    PRS 87.62
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 13.06
    rCSI 22.59%
    PRS 72.13
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 12.61
    rCSI 25.03%
    PRS 76.14
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 12.13
    rCSI 28.28%
    PRS 90.5
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 12.06
    rCSI 19.54%
    PRS 75.31
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 11.62
    rCSI 30.19%
    PRS 81.09
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 11.28
    rCSI 8.74%
    PRS 83.99
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 10.1
    rCSI 25.63%
    PRS 70.96
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 9.92
    rCSI 13.5%
    PRS 88.43
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 9.91
    rCSI 59.41%
    PRS 82.57
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 9.75
    rCSI 15.7%
    PRS 70.61
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 9.59
    rCSI 8.27%
    PRS 81.4
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 9.09
    rCSI 11.58%
    PRS 85.26
  • endothelial cell of artery CL1000413
    CSI 8.85
    rCSI 12.97%
    PRS 87
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 8.79
    rCSI 6.95%
    PRS 69.35
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 8.23
    rCSI 24.42%
    PRS 88.57
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 39.27%
    PRS 76.77
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 8.19
    rCSI 13.06%
    PRS 72
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 8.04
    rCSI 11.17%
    PRS 78.9
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 7.99
    rCSI 11.06%
    PRS 77.67
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 7.98
    rCSI 24.6%
    PRS 84.43
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 7.98
    rCSI 5.91%
    PRS 74.1
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 7.56
    rCSI 55.25%
    PRS 88.38
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 7.45
    rCSI 19.65%
    PRS 86.71
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 7.41
    rCSI 52.4%
    PRS 73.39
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 9.03%
    PRS 78.32
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 7.25
    rCSI 6.75%
    PRS 81.18
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 7.12
    rCSI 9.14%
    PRS 70.57
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 6.93
    rCSI 22.17%
    PRS 77.81
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 6.89
    rCSI 7.19%
    PRS 79.75
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 6.85
    rCSI 19.82%
    PRS 86.87
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 6.62
    rCSI 12.87%
    PRS 83.35
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 6.26
    rCSI 6.71%
    PRS 81.76
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 6.22
    rCSI 25.09%
    PRS 80.09
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 6.14
    rCSI 9.38%
    PRS 80.57
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 6.07
    rCSI 9.32%
    PRS 69.79
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 6.02
    rCSI 12.5%
    PRS 77.08
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 6.02
    rCSI 11.48%
    PRS 89.5
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 5.96
    rCSI 7.64%
    PRS 83.54
  • capillary endothelial cell CL0002144
    CSI 5.92
    rCSI 10.85%
    PRS 84.55
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 5.75
    rCSI 10.08%
    PRS 74.41
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 5.65
    rCSI 12.68%
    PRS 63.41
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 5.61
    rCSI 6.49%
    PRS 72.81
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 5.58
    rCSI 4.91%
    PRS 69.74
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 5.46
    rCSI 5.26%
    PRS 79.67
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 5.14
    rCSI 14.13%
    PRS 87
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 5.02%
    PRS 74.24
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 4.95
    rCSI 6.16%
    PRS 60.51
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 4.79
    rCSI 32.89%
    PRS 86.86
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 4.79
    rCSI 6.55%
    PRS 84.8
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 4.79
    rCSI 14.96%
    PRS 64.25
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI 4.69
    rCSI 26.04%
    PRS 89.04
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 4.53
    rCSI 11.46%
    PRS 85.32
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 4.51
    rCSI 8.04%
    PRS 88.47
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 7.36%
    PRS 84.08
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 4.35
    rCSI 4.77%
    PRS 82.22
  • kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431
    CSI 4.29
    rCSI 21.61%
    PRS 77.75
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 4.28
    rCSI 5.11%
    PRS 62.68
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 4.25
    rCSI 3.46%
    PRS 79.75
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 4.21
    rCSI 11.48%
    PRS 87.7
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 4.12
    rCSI 10.74%
    PRS 81.39
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 4.04
    rCSI 8%
    PRS 85.65
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 9.54%
    PRS 72.82
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 3.88
    rCSI 10.38%
    PRS 72.22
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 3.87
    rCSI 3.73%
    PRS 73.77
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 3.85
    rCSI 31.32%
    PRS 74.73
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 3.82
    rCSI 14.33%
    PRS 72.99
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 3.79
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 81.1
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 3.78
    rCSI 5.36%
    PRS 77.15
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 3.55
    rCSI 8.47%
    PRS 84.39
  • collagen secreting cell CL0000667
    CSI 3.51
    rCSI 20.13%
    PRS 85.95
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 8.41%
    PRS 84.1
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 7.82%
    PRS 80.56
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 3.24
    rCSI 7.42%
    PRS 81.12
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 3.19
    rCSI 10.36%
    PRS 78.56
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 3.18
    rCSI 7.57%
    PRS 80.5
  • smooth muscle cell CL0000192
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 7.48%
    PRS 77.03
  • mature astrocyte CL0002627
    CSI 3.11
    rCSI 13.21%
    PRS 72.58
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 3.11
    rCSI 4.43%
    PRS 81.23
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 7.07%
    PRS 74.14
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 32.04%
    PRS 74.11
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 10.02%
    PRS 77.95
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 17.61%
    PRS 77.02
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 3
    rCSI 4.02%
    PRS 78.76
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 4.38%
    PRS 75.01
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 4.63%
    PRS 84.25
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 8.49%
    PRS 76.16
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 13.93%
    PRS 80.24
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 15.8%
    PRS 76.88
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 2.87
    rCSI 6.98%
    PRS 60.59
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 2.85
    rCSI 4.19%
    PRS 73.44
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 7.84%
    PRS 75.56
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 2.82
    rCSI 4.05%
    PRS 70.33
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 7.39%
    PRS 91.48
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 85.7%
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 87.9%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 60.5%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 72.2%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 66.6%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 84.2%
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 88.7%
  • serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 88.9%
  • stratified epithelial cell CL0000079
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 89.1%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 62.6%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 76.7%
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 85.7%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 73.8%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 87.9%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 63.1%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 77.2%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 87.2%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 26.7%
    PRS 91.6%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 85.8%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 90.1%
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 11.0%
    PRS 75.1%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 85.0%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 75.4%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 81.9%
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 77.1%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 89.3%
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 77.9%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 90.5%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 81.0%
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 87.3%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 86.9%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 83.4%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 85.1%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 10.1%
    PRS 81.6%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 75.9%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 8.7%
    PRS 89.6%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 71.5%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 79.9%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 85.4%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 40.6%
    PRS 88.0%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 71.9%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 88.7%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 63.7%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 78.3%
  • mesangial cell CL0000650
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 88.6%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 13.3%
    PRS 63.3%
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 84.6%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 79.6%
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 82.3%
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 88.0%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 55.6%
    PRS 88.7%
  • skeletal muscle satellite cell CL0000594
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 91.6%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 80.2%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 49.7%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 70.0%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 10.9%
    PRS 85.7%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 28.6%
    PRS 88.3%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 9.5%
    PRS 84.2%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 79.6%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 84.3%
  • endothelial cell of venule CL1000414
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 24.2%
    PRS 88.3%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 73.6%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 79.5%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 91.5%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 70.3%
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 75.6%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 73.4%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 60.6%
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 15.8%
    PRS 76.9%
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 13.9%
    PRS 80.2%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 76.2%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 84.3%
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 75.0%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 78.8%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 17.6%
    PRS 77.0%
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 10.0%
    PRS 78.0%
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 32.0%
    PRS 74.1%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 74.1%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 81.2%
  • mature astrocyte CL0002627
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 13.2%
    PRS 72.6%
  • smooth muscle cell CL0000192
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 77.0%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 80.5%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 78.6%
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 81.1%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 80.6%
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 84.1%
  • collagen secreting cell CL0000667
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 20.1%
    PRS 86.0%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 84.4%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 77.2%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 81.1%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 14.3%
    PRS 73.0%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 31.3%
    PRS 74.7%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 73.8%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 72.2%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 9.5%
    PRS 72.8%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 85.7%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 10.7%
    PRS 81.4%
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 87.7%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 79.8%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 62.7%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937), or WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (also known as TAZ), is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3q25.1. It functions as a crucial transcriptional co-activator and is a primary downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, a key regulator of organ size, cell proliferation, and apoptosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01874-07)). The protein's activity is tightly controlled by its phosphorylation status and subcellular localization, shuttling between the cytoplasm and nucleus to regulate target gene expression ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1748)). **Overall**, [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) displays significant expression in a diverse set of cell types, including [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203), specialized neural support cells like the [Mueller cell](/details-cell/CL0000636), and a wide array of endothelial and epithelial cells that form critical tissue barriers. This expression pattern highlights its fundamental role in tissue homeostasis, development, and immune surveillance. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) underscores its multifaceted role across various biological systems. **Overall**, its highest significance is observed in [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) (CSI: 22.40), suggesting a potential role in the long-term maintenance or function of adaptive immune memory. Beyond the immune system, [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) is a prominent marker in specialized cells of the central nervous system and sensory organs, with high significance in retinal [Mueller cell](/details-cell/CL0000636), [retinal bipolar neuron](/details-cell/CL0000748), and [ependymal cell](/details-cell/CL0000065). This indicates a role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of neural tissues. Furthermore, the gene is highly significant across numerous endothelial and epithelial cell types that constitute biological barriers. These include [retinal blood vessel endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002585), [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602), [lung endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001567), [suprabasal keratinocyte](/details-cell/CL4033013), [renal principal cell](/details-cell/CL0005009), and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632). This consistent expression across diverse barrier tissues suggests that [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) is a key regulator of cell-cell adhesion, mechanotransduction, and tissue repair, functions that are tightly linked to the Hippo signaling pathway. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) is a central component of the [Signaling by Hippo](/details-reactome/R-HSA-2028269) pathway ([GO:0035329](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035329)). Its molecular function is primarily defined by its [transcription coactivator activity](/details-go/GO:0003713), where it binds to transcription factors, notably the TEAD family, to drive the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and survival ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m900843200)). The gene's activity is negatively regulated by the Hippo kinase cascade, which phosphorylates WWTR1, leading to its sequestration in the [cytoplasm](/details-go/GO:0005737) and preventing its entry into the [nucleus](/details-go/GO:0005634) to activate transcription. Consistent with its expression in diverse tissues, [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) is implicated in a wide range of developmental and homeostatic processes. It plays a role in [osteoblast differentiation](/details-go/GO:0001649) through the regulation of RUNX2 ([R-HSA-8941326](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-8941326)), [kidney morphogenesis](/details-go/GO:0060993), and [mesenchymal cell differentiation](/details-go/GO:0048762). Furthermore, WWTR1 integrates signals from other major pathways, such as the TGF-beta signaling cascade, by regulating [Smad protein signal transduction](/details-go/GO:0060395) ([R-HSA-170834](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-170834)), which is critical for processes like epithelial-mesenchymal transition ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2010.11.012)). Its localization to the [bicellular tight junction](/details-go/GO:0005923) further supports its role as a sensor and transducer of cell density and mechanical cues within tissues. ## Research Directions The diverse expression pattern of [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) points to several avenues for future investigation, particularly concerning its specific roles in disparate cell types like immune cells versus structural barrier cells. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its top significance in [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) and its established role in promoting cell proliferation, [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) may be essential for the clonal expansion and long-term survival that establishes and maintains the memory T cell pool following an immune challenge. 2. The high significance of [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) across a wide range of endothelial and epithelial cells suggests it acts as a master regulator of barrier integrity, integrating mechanical stress and cell-contact signals via the Hippo pathway to coordinate repair and homeostatic cell turnover. **Experimental Approach:** To test the role of [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) in memory T cell function (Hypothesis 1), a conditional knockout mouse model could be generated using a T-cell specific Cre-driver (e.g., *Cd4-Cre*) to delete *Wwtr1* specifically within the T cell lineage. Following an acute viral infection, such as with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV), the formation, maintenance, and recall response of memory CD8+ T cells could be quantified using flow cytometry and in vivo cytotoxicity assays. Comparative single-cell RNA-sequencing of *Wwtr1*-deficient versus wild-type memory T cells would further elucidate the downstream transcriptional programs controlled by [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) that are critical for T cell memory. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a transcriptional co-activator that promotes cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) is a well-documented proto-oncogene whose aberrant activation drives tumorigenesis in multiple cancers. Consequently, its **inhibition** is a significant therapeutic goal. However, its crucial homeostatic roles in diverse tissues, including the retina, kidney, and endothelial barriers, indicate that systemic inhibition could result in severe on-target toxicity. Future therapeutic strategies may therefore need to be more nuanced, focusing on the inhibition of specific protein-protein interactions (e.g., the WWTR1-TEAD complex) required for its oncogenic activity or on the development of targeted delivery systems to selectively inhibit [WWTR1](/details-gene/25937) function within tumor cells.

Genular Protein ID: 317407180

Symbol: WWTR1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11118213

Title: TAZ: a novel transcriptional co-activator regulated by interactions with 14-3-3 and PDZ domain proteins.

PubMed ID: 11118213

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/19.24.6778

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 18227151

Title: TAZ promotes cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is inhibited by the hippo pathway.

PubMed ID: 18227151

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01874-07

PubMed ID: 18568018

Title: TAZ controls Smad nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and regulates human embryonic stem-cell self-renewal.

PubMed ID: 18568018

DOI: 10.1038/ncb1748

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19010321

Title: TAZ is a coactivator for Pax8 and TTF-1, two transcription factors involved in thyroid differentiation.

PubMed ID: 19010321

DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.10.016

PubMed ID: 19324877

Title: TEAD transcription factors mediate the function of TAZ in cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

PubMed ID: 19324877

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m900843200

PubMed ID: 21145499

Title: The Crumbs complex couples cell density sensing to Hippo-dependent control of the TGF-beta-SMAD pathway.

PubMed ID: 21145499

DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.11.012

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21205866

Title: Angiomotin is a novel Hippo pathway component that inhibits YAP oncoprotein.

PubMed ID: 21205866

DOI: 10.1101/gad.2000111

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23873930

Title: Cellular localization and characterization of cytosolic binding partners for Gla domain-containing proteins PRRG4 and PRRG2.

PubMed ID: 23873930

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.484683

PubMed ID: 23911299

Title: AMOTL2 interaction with TAZ causes the inhibition of surfactant proteins expression in lung cells.

PubMed ID: 23911299

DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.015

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25849865

Title: Actin remodelling factors control ciliogenesis by regulating YAP/TAZ activity and vesicle trafficking.

PubMed ID: 25849865

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7781

PubMed ID: 29695716

Title: Regulation of Yki/Yap subcellular localization and Hpo signaling by a nuclear kinase PRP4K.

PubMed ID: 29695716

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04090-2

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 400
  • Mass: 44101
  • Checksum: 630B50F46FB74C60
  • Sequence:
  • MNPASAPPPL PPPGQQVIHV TQDLDTDLEA LFNSVMNPKP SSWRKKILPE SFFKEPDSGS 
    HSRQSSTDSS GGHPGPRLAG GAQHVRSHSS PASLQLGTGA GAAGSPAQQH AHLRQQSYDV 
    TDELPLPPGW EMTFTATGQR YFLNHIEKIT TWQDPRKAMN QPLNHMNLHP AVSSTPVPQR 
    SMAVSQPNLV MNHQHQQQMA PSTLSQQNHP TQNPPAGLMS MPNALTTQQQ QQQKLRLQRI 
    QMERERIRMR QEELMRQEAA LCRQLPMEAE TLAPVQAAVN PPTMTPDMRS ITNNSSDPFL 
    NGGPYHSREQ STDSGLGLGC YSVPTTPEDF LSNVDEMDTG ENAGQTPMNI NPQQTRFPDF 
    LDCLPGTNVD LGTLESEDLI PLFNDVESAL NKSEPFLTWL