Details for: QARS1

Gene ID: 5859

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: QARS1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172053

Description: glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 30.86
    rCSI 37.39%
    PRS 43.91
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 24.67
    rCSI 33.62%
    PRS 26.85
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 18.97
    rCSI 30.16%
    PRS 45.16
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 17.97
    rCSI 11.95%
    PRS 56.32
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 17.17
    rCSI 40.83%
    PRS 63.23
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 17.14
    rCSI 17.91%
    PRS 51.56
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 15.03
    rCSI 26.5%
    PRS 60.88
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 14.26
    rCSI 12.34%
    PRS 57.25
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 13.77
    rCSI 19.47%
    PRS 59.8
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 13.61
    rCSI 30.52%
    PRS 36.32
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 13.14
    rCSI 16.25%
    PRS 48.52
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 13.06
    rCSI 10.56%
    PRS 53.8
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 12.74
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 49.41
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 12.39
    rCSI 19.14%
    PRS 50.55
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 10.12
    rCSI 14.59%
    PRS 64.87
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 9.54
    rCSI 21.31%
    PRS 59.93
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 9.46
    rCSI 13.41%
    PRS 49.04
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 8.45
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 53.75
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 7.17
    rCSI 10.82%
    PRS 55.62
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 7.09
    rCSI 7.98%
    PRS 69.23
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 7.03
    rCSI 5.26%
    PRS 68.06
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 6.81
    rCSI 9.26%
    PRS 64.96
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 6.54
    rCSI 37.47%
    PRS 63.49
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 6.48
    rCSI 14.27%
    PRS 56.66
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 5.74
    rCSI 7.84%
    PRS 55
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 5.53
    rCSI 3.85%
    PRS 62.74
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 5.44
    rCSI 6.93%
    PRS 58.78
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 5.35
    rCSI 35.12%
    PRS 81.72
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 5.12
    rCSI 6.23%
    PRS 60.49
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 4.94
    rCSI 3.95%
    PRS 74.18
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 4.89
    rCSI 4.55%
    PRS 52.37
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.84
    rCSI 7.39%
    PRS 62.13
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 4.83
    rCSI 7.39%
    PRS 68.01
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 4.71
    rCSI 6.41%
    PRS 78.91
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 4.66
    rCSI 8.05%
    PRS 42.88
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 4.62
    rCSI 14.99%
    PRS 54.46
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 7.02%
    PRS 53.17
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 4.59
    rCSI 13.28%
    PRS 54.67
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 4.43
    rCSI 3.18%
    PRS 66.61
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 4.34
    rCSI 27.13%
    PRS 44.65
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 4.28
    rCSI 32.18%
    PRS 70.85
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 4.26
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 50.2
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 4.21
    rCSI 6.74%
    PRS 78.1
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 4.15
    rCSI 4.75%
    PRS 74.1
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 4.09
    rCSI 3.87%
    PRS 52.85
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 4.08
    rCSI 17.91%
    PRS 69.65
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 4.04
    rCSI 9.21%
    PRS 50.07
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 3.96
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 53.53
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 3.91
    rCSI 5.23%
    PRS 75.08
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 3.84
    rCSI 3.23%
    PRS 70.53
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 3.79
    rCSI 3.37%
    PRS 51.08
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 3.76
    rCSI 3.62%
    PRS 52.98
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 3.62
    rCSI 3.77%
    PRS 52.97
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 3.57
    rCSI 3.66%
    PRS 69.5
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 3.54
    rCSI 4.45%
    PRS 62.9
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 3.53
    rCSI 2.78%
    PRS 59.34
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 3.44
    rCSI 5.08%
    PRS 69.67
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 3.43
    rCSI 2.87%
    PRS 57.44
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 3.36
    rCSI 4.92%
    PRS 64.2
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 4.53%
    PRS 72.96
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 3.29
    rCSI 3.36%
    PRS 66.27
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 3.29
    rCSI 9.7%
    PRS 56.52
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 3.29
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 58.85
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 3.23
    rCSI 8%
    PRS 50.55
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 3.17
    rCSI 3.26%
    PRS 70.66
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 3.17
    rCSI 3.28%
    PRS 58.43
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 2.75%
    PRS 62.72
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 66.92
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 16.02%
    PRS 75.87
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 2.44%
    PRS 39.8
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 4.89%
    PRS 45.93
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 4.05%
    PRS 58.23
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.98
    rCSI 1.76%
    PRS 69.44
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 2.87
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 60.68
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 2.86
    rCSI 4.09%
    PRS 58.31
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 2.82
    rCSI 3.92%
    PRS 51.85
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 2.31%
    PRS 51.41
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 4.35%
    PRS 54.01
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 2.68
    rCSI 2.31%
    PRS 59.65
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.68
    rCSI 2.35%
    PRS 58.02
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 61.07
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.63
    rCSI 5.27%
    PRS 41.96
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 2.16%
    PRS 68.91
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 1.74%
    PRS 64.73
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.57
    rCSI 4.39%
    PRS 78
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 27.68%
    PRS 67.2
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 3.03%
    PRS 50.67
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 54.21
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.89%
    PRS 46.5
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 3.18%
    PRS 50.36
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 2.42%
    PRS 68.7
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 24.17%
    PRS 75.57
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 2.45
    rCSI 4.37%
    PRS 67.43
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 2.32
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 55.08
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 1.58%
    PRS 55.11
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 47.81
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 3.11%
    PRS 55.2
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 2.28%
    PRS 49.54
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 2.78%
    PRS 57.48
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 65.59
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.7%
    PRS 74.3%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 70.4%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 67.4%
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 63.2%
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 59.4%
  • respiratory epithelial cell CL0002368
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 84.2%
  • myelocyte CL0002193
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 82.2%
  • pre-conventional dendritic cell CL0002010
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 82.8%
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 74.0%
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 59.1%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 42.8%
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 74.2%
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 27.3%
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 71.7%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 66.3%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 67.5%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 60.7%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 62.8%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 49.1%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 73.2%
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 65.6%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 80.5%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 61.0%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 63.2%
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 57.9%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 68.4%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 73.3%
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 71.3%
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 66.0%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 42.6%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 65.9%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 62.3%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 42.9%
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 85.3%
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 74.6%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 61.0%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 56.9%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 45.3%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 7.3%
    PRS 64.9%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 56.5%
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 51.0%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 62.5%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 76.0%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 9.7%
    PRS 72.8%
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 73.0%
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 57.1%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 63.1%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 41.1%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 54.8%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 57.5%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 31.0%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 51.7%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 46.4%
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 69.7%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 56.2%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 63.8%
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 50.4%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 58.1%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 52.0%
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 66.7%
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 61.8%
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 61.4%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 65.6%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 57.5%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 49.5%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 55.2%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 47.8%
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 55.1%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 55.1%
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 67.4%
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 24.2%
    PRS 75.6%
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 68.7%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 50.4%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 46.5%
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 54.2%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 50.7%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 27.7%
    PRS 67.2%
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 78.0%
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 64.7%
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 68.9%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 42.0%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 61.1%
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 58.0%
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 59.7%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 54.0%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 51.4%
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 51.9%
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 58.3%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 60.7%
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 69.4%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 58.2%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 45.9%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 39.8%
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 16.0%
    PRS 75.9%
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 66.9%
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 62.7%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 58.4%
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 70.7%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 50.6%
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 58.9%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [QARS1](/details-gene/5859), or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3p21.31. Its primary and essential function is to catalyze the attachment of the amino acid glutamine to its corresponding tRNA molecule, a process known as glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation ([GO:0006425](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006425)). This role is fundamental to protein translation ([R-HSA-72766](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-72766)), positioning [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) as a critical housekeeping enzyme. Beyond this canonical function, functional annotations suggest it has non-translational roles, including the negative regulation of apoptosis and transcription. Its expression profile is widespread, with particularly high significance in metabolically active or proliferative cell types, such as [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) and [melanocyte of skin](/details-cell/CL1000458), reflecting its central role in cellular maintenance and function. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression pattern of [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) underscores its fundamental importance across a diverse range of cell lineages. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in cell types characterized by high protein synthesis demands, longevity, or specialized metabolic functions. It is a top marker in immune cells, including [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) and [helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000912), which is consistent with the need for rapid protein production during immune responses and cellular maintenance. Furthermore, [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) is highly significant in various progenitor and stem cell populations, such as [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037), [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557), and [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049). This pattern suggests that its robust expression is required to support the high rates of proliferation and differentiation inherent to these populations. The gene's prominence also extends to specialized, terminally differentiated cells with high metabolic output, including [melanocyte of skin](/details-cell/CL1000458), [chondrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000138), and various secretory epithelial cells like [colon goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0009039). This broad but significant expression across immune, progenitor, and specialized somatic cells highlights its role as a key workhorse gene whose activity level is tightly correlated with the translational demands of the cell. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) are centered on protein synthesis but extend to cellular regulation. Its canonical role is as a glutamine-tRNA ligase ([GO:0004819](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004819)), an essential enzymatic activity for cytosolic ([R-HSA-379716](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-379716)) and mitochondrial ([R-HSA-379726](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-379726)) tRNA aminoacylation. It operates within the multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex ([GO:0017101](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0017101)), which channels tRNAs to the ribosome for efficient translation [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19131329/). Its involvement in broad metabolic pathways ([R-HSA-1430728](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-1430728)) further solidifies its identity as a central metabolic enzyme. Beyond its primary role, Gene Ontology annotations suggest that [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) possesses non-canonical or "moonlighting" functions. These include the negative regulation of the apoptotic signaling pathway ([GO:2001234](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2001234)), protein kinase activity ([GO:0006469](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006469)), and DNA-templated transcription ([GO:0045892](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0045892)). These regulatory roles suggest that [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) may act as a sensor of cellular translational capacity, linking the protein synthesis machinery to cell fate decisions and signaling cascades. Notably, its annotated involvement in MITF-M-regulated melanocyte development ([R-HSA-9730414](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-9730414)) provides a direct molecular explanation for its high significance in [melanocyte of skin](/details-cell/CL1000458), implicating it as a key component of this specific developmental pathway. ## Research Directions The dual role of [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) as a core translational enzyme and a putative signaling regulator opens several avenues for future investigation. Its high expression in long-lived cell types and its annotated anti-apoptotic function suggest its importance beyond basic protein synthesis. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) and its annotated role in the negative regulation of apoptosis ([GO:2001234](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2001234)), [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) may possess a non-canonical function that actively promotes the long-term survival of memory T cells by suppressing intrinsic apoptotic pathways. 2. The strong link to melanocyte development pathways ([R-HSA-9730414](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-9730414)) and its high expression in [melanocyte of skin](/details-cell/CL1000458) suggests that [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) may directly regulate melanogenesis, potentially through protein-protein interactions with key transcription factors like MITF, thereby linking translational capacity to the execution of this differentiation program. **Key Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) promotes memory T cell survival, a conditional knockout approach would be highly informative. One could generate mice with a floxed *Qars1* allele and cross them with a CD4-Cre-ERT2 driver to allow for tamoxifen-inducible deletion of the gene in mature T cells. Following an acute viral infection (e.g., LCMV Armstrong) to generate a robust memory T cell pool, gene deletion could be induced. The subsequent survival, phenotype, and function of memory T cells in knockout versus control animals would be monitored over several months using flow cytometry and functional assays (e.g., cytokine production upon restimulation). A significant decline in the memory T cell population in the absence of [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) would provide strong evidence for its role in long-term immune cell maintenance. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an essential housekeeping gene, systemic inhibition of [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) would likely cause significant toxicity. However, many cancer cells exhibit a heightened dependency on glutamine metabolism and elevated rates of protein synthesis, a phenomenon known as "glutamine addiction." This suggests that [QARS1](/details-gene/5859) could be a viable therapeutic target in specific cancer contexts. The strategy would be **inhibition** to exploit this metabolic vulnerability. The primary challenge is achieving tumor specificity. This might be accomplished by developing potent small molecule inhibitors delivered via antibody-drug conjugates that target tumor-specific surface antigens, thereby minimizing off-target effects on healthy tissues.

Genular Protein ID: 2757325089

Symbol: SYQ_HUMAN

Name: Glutamine--tRNA ligase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8078941

Title: Evolution of the Glx-tRNA synthetase family: the glutaminyl enzyme as a case of horizontal gene transfer.

PubMed ID: 8078941

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.18.8670

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16641997

Title: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3.

PubMed ID: 16641997

DOI: 10.1038/nature04728

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10791971

Title: Nucleolar localization of human methionyl-tRNA synthetase and its role in ribosomal RNA synthesis.

PubMed ID: 10791971

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.149.3.567

PubMed ID: 14654843

Title: Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling.

PubMed ID: 14654843

DOI: 10.1038/nature02166

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19131329

Title: Dissection of the structural organization of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex.

PubMed ID: 19131329

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m809636200

PubMed ID: 19289464

Title: Dynamic Organization of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Complexes in the Cytoplasm of Human Cells.

PubMed ID: 19289464

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m900480200

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24656866

Title: Mutations in QARS, encoding glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase, cause progressive microcephaly, cerebral-cerebellar atrophy, and intractable seizures.

PubMed ID: 24656866

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.03.003

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25288775

Title: Structure of the ArgRS-GlnRS-AIMP1 complex and its implications for mammalian translation.

PubMed ID: 25288775

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1408836111

PubMed ID: 26869582

Title: The crystal structure of human GlnRS provides basis for the development of neurological disorders.

PubMed ID: 26869582

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw082

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 775
  • Mass: 87799
  • Checksum: ADDE23E6C442FF73
  • Sequence:
  • MAALDSLSLF TSLGLSEQKA RETLKNSALS AQLREAATQA QQTLGSTIDK ATGILLYGLA 
    SRLRDTRRLS FLVSYIASKK IHTEPQLSAA LEYVRSHPLD PIDTVDFERE CGVGVIVTPE 
    QIEEAVEAAI NRHRPQLLVE RYHFNMGLLM GEARAVLKWA DGKMIKNEVD MQVLHLLGPK 
    LEADLEKKFK VAKARLEETD RRTAKDVVEN GETADQTLSL MEQLRGEALK FHKPGENYKT 
    PGYVVTPHTM NLLKQHLEIT GGQVRTRFPP EPNGILHIGH AKAINFNFGY AKANNGICFL 
    RFDDTNPEKE EAKFFTAICD MVAWLGYTPY KVTYASDYFD QLYAWAVELI RRGLAYVCHQ 
    RGEELKGHNT LPSPWRDRPM EESLLLFEAM RKGKFSEGEA TLRMKLVMED GKMDPVAYRV 
    KYTPHHRTGD KWCIYPTYDY THCLCDSIEH ITHSLCTKEF QARRSSYFWL CNALDVYCPV 
    QWEYGRLNLH YAVVSKRKIL QLVATGAVRD WDDPRLFTLT ALRRRGFPPE AINNFCARVG 
    VTVAQTTMEP HLLEACVRDV LNDTAPRAMA VLESLRVIIT NFPAAKSLDI QVPNFPADET 
    KGFHQVPFAP IVFIERTDFK EEPEPGFKRL AWGQPVGLRH TGYVIELQHV VKGPSGCVES 
    LEVTCRRADA GEKPKAFIHW VSQPLMCEVR LYERLFQHKN PEDPTEVPGG FLSDLNLASL 
    HVVDAALVDC SVALAKPFDK FQFERLGYFS VDPDSHQGKL VFNRTVTLKE DPGKV

Genular Protein ID: 2461466816

Symbol: B7Z840_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 282
  • Mass: 31571
  • Checksum: 5D10DAF0D8582767
  • Sequence:
  • MPTCRLGPKF LLVSGVSAMA ALDSLSLFTS LGLSEQKARE TLKNSALSAQ LREAATQAQQ 
    TLGSTIDKAT GILLYGLASR LRDTRRLSFL VSYIASKKIH TEPQLSAALE YVRSHPLDPI 
    DTVDFERECG VGVIVTPEQI EEAVEAAINR HRPQLLVERY HFNMGLLMGE ARAVLKWADG 
    KMIKNEVDMQ VLHLLGPKLE ADLEKKFKVA KARLEETDRR TAKDVVENGE TADQTLSLME 
    QLRGEALKFH KPGTYPVPAR TQWNPAYWTC QSHQFQLWLC QV