Details for: RTF1

Gene ID: 23168

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: RTF1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137815

Description: RTF1 homolog, Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 27.45
    rCSI 24.79%
    PRS 18.03
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 25.32
    rCSI 31.77%
    PRS 25.93
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 23.04
    rCSI 18.63%
    PRS 20.07
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 21.86
    rCSI 29.79%
    PRS 17.76
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 21.05
    rCSI 20.27%
    PRS 20.76
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 20.48
    rCSI 56.27%
    PRS 32.83
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 19.03
    rCSI 29.4%
    PRS 18.8
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 18.14
    rCSI 21.3%
    PRS 23.16
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 17.38
    rCSI 14.57%
    PRS 23.85
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 15.82
    rCSI 21.64%
    PRS 31.25
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 15.43
    rCSI 16.12%
    PRS 20.93
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 15.41
    rCSI 52.8%
    PRS 17.47
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 15.38
    rCSI 79.39%
    PRS 38.83
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 15.14
    rCSI 43.82%
    PRS 22.68
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 15.12
    rCSI 35.95%
    PRS 29.9
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 14.04
    rCSI 16.85%
    PRS 19.61
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 13.63
    rCSI 11.8%
    PRS 22.56
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 13.35
    rCSI 8.87%
    PRS 24
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 13.01
    rCSI 41.73%
    PRS 28.6
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 12.81
    rCSI 37.12%
    PRS 15.4
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 11.77
    rCSI 13.48%
    PRS 40.19
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 10.52
    rCSI 15.53%
    PRS 31.33
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 9.28
    rCSI 36.12%
    PRS 32.83
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 9.09
    rCSI 26.83%
    PRS 24.15
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 8.63
    rCSI 16.78%
    PRS 20.51
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 7.84
    rCSI 17.32%
    PRS 14.37
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 7.51
    rCSI 11.01%
    PRS 26.29
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 7.25
    rCSI 6.99%
    PRS 14.48
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI 6.91
    rCSI 44.27%
    PRS 30.93
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 6.17
    rCSI 4.87%
    PRS 13.78
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 5.89
    rCSI 29.04%
    PRS 27.15
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 5.84
    rCSI 25.64%
    PRS 36.78
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 5.84
    rCSI 6.09%
    PRS 53.67
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 5.43
    rCSI 42.58%
    PRS 39.74
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 5.28
    rCSI 6.53%
    PRS 17.58
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 5.01
    rCSI 13.52%
    PRS 25.97
  • enteric neuron CL0007011
    CSI 4.82
    rCSI 71.25%
    PRS 47.27
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 4.74
    rCSI 27.57%
    PRS 29.71
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 4.67
    rCSI 11.36%
    PRS 11.63
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 4.66
    rCSI 5.99%
    PRS 19.37
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 4.66
    rCSI 6.65%
    PRS 22.58
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 4.63
    rCSI 15.16%
    PRS 51.52
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 4.58
    rCSI 9.41%
    PRS 19.92
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 6.82%
    PRS 18.66
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 4.42
    rCSI 8.52%
    PRS 44.48
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 4.33
    rCSI 5.91%
    PRS 22.71
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 4.27
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 31.86
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 3.86
    rCSI 7.75%
    PRS 14.85
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 31.71
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 3.56
    rCSI 85.12%
    PRS 10.23
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 3.54
    rCSI 85.52%
    PRS 11.19
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 3.45
    rCSI 5.89%
    PRS 40.16
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 3.45
    rCSI 10.77%
    PRS 12.65
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 3.35
    rCSI 4.83%
    PRS 28
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 3.33
    rCSI 19.58%
    PRS 12.4
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 3.21
    rCSI 2.43%
    PRS 27.48
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 3.21
    rCSI 11.55%
    PRS 11.14
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 3.19
    rCSI 7.42%
    PRS 39.51
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 3.09
    rCSI 8.83%
    PRS 33.71
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 3.69%
    PRS 21.35
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 22.07%
    PRS 36.47
  • myelocyte CL0002193
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 18.94%
    PRS 57.18
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 25.14
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 4.25%
    PRS 22.89
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 7.96%
    PRS 37.08
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.68
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 17.55
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 54.28%
    PRS 16.16
  • pluripotent stem cell CL0002248
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 77.78%
    PRS 43.52
  • megakaryocyte progenitor cell CL0000553
    CSI 2.57
    rCSI 47.07%
    PRS 54.84
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 2.54
    rCSI 8.49%
    PRS 14.29
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.39
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 21.16
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 2.32
    rCSI 47.27%
    PRS 17.22
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 5.37%
    PRS 24.78
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 1.64%
    PRS 17.47
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 1.92%
    PRS 14.59
  • antibody secreting cell CL0000946
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 9.56%
    PRS 68.17
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 30.11%
    PRS 15.31
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 48.93%
    PRS 37.21
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 3.93%
    PRS 38.95
  • epithelial cell of nephron CL1000449
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 19.77%
    PRS 68.37
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 20.32
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 15.91%
    PRS 20.16
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.91%
    PRS 23.92
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 1.87
    rCSI 1.47%
    PRS 24.18
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 20.01%
    PRS 35.54
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 10.45%
    PRS 30.08
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 6.17%
    PRS 58.01
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 6.58%
    PRS 20.51
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 11.8%
    PRS 11.8
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 2.33%
    PRS 23.89
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 8.25%
    PRS 34.89
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 3.67%
    PRS 35.63
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 5.67%
    PRS 16.92
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.16%
    PRS 19.22
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.04%
    PRS 21.3
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 20.75
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 1.47
    rCSI 3.72%
    PRS 24.8
  • CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938
    CSI 1.46
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 53.35
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 3.97%
    PRS 31
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.91%
    PRS 22.25
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI -2.5
    rCSI -7.0%
    PRS 18.7%
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI -1.9
    rCSI -2.2%
    PRS 27.4%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI -1.5
    rCSI -4.0%
    PRS 16.7%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI -1.5
    rCSI -3.3%
    PRS 12.4%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI -1.4
    rCSI -3.5%
    PRS 53.1%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI -1.0
    rCSI -2.1%
    PRS 21.1%
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI -0.9
    rCSI -4.5%
    PRS 15.7%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI -0.8
    rCSI -0.7%
    PRS 23.4%
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI -0.7
    rCSI -3.8%
    PRS 11.1%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI -0.6
    rCSI -0.9%
    PRS 22.9%
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI -0.5
    rCSI -1.2%
    PRS 28.9%
  • myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057
    CSI -0.4
    rCSI -2.4%
    PRS 57.5%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI -0.4
    rCSI -0.4%
    PRS 30.5%
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI -0.3
    rCSI -0.6%
    PRS 14.1%
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI -0.3
    rCSI -1.6%
    PRS 51.1%
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI -0.1
    rCSI -0.1%
    PRS 29.6%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI -0.1
    rCSI -0.1%
    PRS 34.6%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI -0.2%
    PRS 15.6%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI -0.1%
    PRS 18.6%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 10.2%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 20.1%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 29.3%
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 30.1%
  • CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell CL0000915
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 60.9%
  • B-1 B cell CL0000819
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 72.1%
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 69.6%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 28.5%
  • diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 21.6%
  • parietal cell CL0000162
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 71.6%
  • diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 21.1%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 34.7%
  • kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell CL1000909
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 79.1%
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 53.5%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 38.0%
  • group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 60.9%
  • odontoblast CL0000060
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 67.2%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 11.8%
  • CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human CL0001074
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 65.3%
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 38.8%
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 24.4%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 18.8%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 38.6%
  • epithelial cell of esophagus CL0002252
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 57.4%
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 50.8%
  • primordial germ cell CL0000670
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 73.8%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 24.7%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 54.1%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 39.1%
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 53.7%
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 21.9%
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 49.2%
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 18.0%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 34.2%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 39.7%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 35.8%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 34.2%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 13.0%
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 41.7%
  • bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 54.0%
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 51.3%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 20.2%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 50.8%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 13.6%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 12.4%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 19.5%
  • cell of skeletal muscle CL0000188
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 72.9%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 23.1%
  • eye photoreceptor cell CL0000287
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 47.1%
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 31.8%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 27.5%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 27.3%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 41.2%
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 26.0%
  • ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL2000046
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 64.9%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 18.5%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 23.2%
  • germinal center B cell CL0000844
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 45.2%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 26.3%
  • Merkel cell CL0000242
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 86.2%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 26.9%
  • cone retinal bipolar cell CL0000752
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 58.5%
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 36.8%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 25.8%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 29.6%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 30.5%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 35.3%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 25.9%
  • endothelial cell of venule CL1000414
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 63.1%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 15.5%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 24.8%
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 46.0%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 20.7%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 18.6%
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 42.9%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 16.0%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 36.6%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 40.4%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 30.7%
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 47.7%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 47.7%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

Loading network (please wait)...

Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 15q15.1 that encodes a core component of the Polymerase-Associated Factor 1 (Paf1) complex. This complex associates with RNA polymerase II and plays a fundamental role in the regulation of transcription, particularly during the elongation phase ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.050)). Functionally, [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) is implicated in processes essential for development and cell identity, including chromatin organization ([GO:0006325](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006325)), stem cell population maintenance ([GO:0019827](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0019827)), and Wnt signaling ([GO:0016055](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016055)). Its expression pattern reflects these roles, showing high significance in various progenitor populations, such as [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) and [common dendritic progenitor](/details-cell/CL0001029), as well as in rapidly proliferating tissues, suggesting its critical function in cellular growth, differentiation, and lineage commitment. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) underscores its importance in highly proliferative and developmentally active cell populations. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in hematopoietic progenitors, including [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) (CSI: 27.45), [common dendritic progenitor](/details-cell/CL0001029) (CSI: 25.32), and [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) (CSI: 23.04). This strong association with myeloid and erythroid precursors suggests a key role in orchestrating the transcriptional programs necessary for blood cell development. Beyond hematopoiesis, [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) is also a significant marker in various epithelial and transit-amplifying cell populations that require high rates of turnover and differentiation. These include [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006), [placental villous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL2000060), [transit amplifying cell of colon](/details-cell/CL0009011), and [keratinocyte](/details-cell/CL0000312). Its expression in these cells is consistent with its function in facilitating active transcription during cell division and specialization. Interestingly, it is also highly significant in specific neuronal populations like [peripheral nervous system neuron](/details-cell/CL2000032), implying a potential role in maintaining the complex transcriptional state of certain neural subtypes. Conversely, [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) shows low to negative significance in many terminally differentiated or quiescent cell types. Its lack of prominence in mature lymphocytes such as [alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000789) and [effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000913), as well as in structural cells like [renal interstitial pericyte](/details-cell/CL1001318) and certain neuronal subtypes like [dopaminergic neuron](/details-cell/CL0000700), suggests its function is less critical for the homeostatic maintenance of these differentiated states and more geared towards developmental and proliferative processes. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) functions as an integral member of the Cdc73/paf1 complex ([GO:0016593](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016593)), which is a critical regulator of gene transcription. Its primary role is associated with RNA Polymerase II, where it facilitates the transition from transcription initiation to productive elongation ([R-HSA-75955](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-75955)). This is supported by research demonstrating the human Paf1 complex's involvement in chromatin transcription elongation ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.050)). The complex, including [RTF1](/details-gene/23168), is recruited to active genes and helps modulate the chromatin structure to allow for efficient passage of the polymerase. Consistent with this core function, [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) is annotated in broad transcriptional pathways such as Gene expression (transcription) ([R-HSA-74160](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-74160)) and processes like chromatin organization ([GO:0006325](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006325)). Furthermore, its involvement in post-translational protein modification, including protein ubiquitination ([R-HSA-8852135](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-8852135)), suggests it helps couple transcriptional events with histone modifications and protein turnover, key mechanisms for epigenetic regulation. This regulatory network is crucial for its documented role in maintaining embryonic stem cell identity, where the Paf1 complex was shown to be essential for modulating Oct4 expression ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2009.03.009)). ## Research Directions The widespread expression of [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) in progenitor cells across multiple tissues highlights its fundamental role in development and proliferation. Future research should focus on dissecting its lineage-specific functions and its potential as a therapeutic target in diseases of uncontrolled proliferation, such as cancer. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in hematopoietic progenitors and its role in stem cell maintenance ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2009.03.009)), the dynamic regulation of [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) expression is a critical checkpoint for hematopoietic lineage commitment. Specifically, its downregulation may be a prerequisite for terminal differentiation into mature myeloid and lymphoid cells. 2. The high expression of [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) in transit-amplifying cells of the colon and other epithelial tissues suggests it is a key facilitator of regenerative responses. Therefore, its dysregulation could be an early event in the development of epithelial cancers by promoting a sustained proliferative and undifferentiated state. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding hematopoietic differentiation, one could utilize CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to achieve tunable knockdown of [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) in primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). These modified HSPCs could then be cultured in vitro under conditions that promote differentiation towards erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid lineages. The impact of [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) knockdown on differentiation efficiency and cell fate choice would be quantified using multi-parameter flow cytometry for lineage-specific surface markers. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) at different time points would reveal the precise transcriptional programs altered by [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) depletion and map the altered differentiation trajectories. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a core component of the transcriptional machinery essential for proliferation, [RTF1](/details-gene/23168) presents a potential target for anti-cancer therapies, particularly in malignancies characterized by a stem-like or progenitor phenotype. The therapeutic strategy would focus on **inhibition**. However, targeting a general transcription elongation factor carries a high risk of on-target toxicity to healthy, rapidly dividing tissues. A more nuanced approach might involve developing small molecules that disrupt the specific protein-protein interactions of the Paf1 complex required for its oncogenic function, rather than inhibiting the entire complex, potentially offering a wider therapeutic window.

Genular Protein ID: 1629085102

Symbol: RTF1_HUMAN

Name: RNA polymerase-associated protein RTF1 homolog

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 16572171

Title: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15.

PubMed ID: 16572171

DOI: 10.1038/nature04601

PubMed ID: 9039502

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VI. The coding sequences of 80 new genes (KIAA0201-KIAA0280) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from cell line KG-1 and brain.

PubMed ID: 9039502

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/3.5.321

PubMed ID: 12168954

Title: Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones.

PubMed ID: 12168954

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/9.3.99

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19345177

Title: A genome-scale RNAi screen for Oct4 modulators defines a role of the Paf1 complex for embryonic stem cell identity.

PubMed ID: 19345177

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2009.03.009

PubMed ID: 20178742

Title: The human PAF1 complex acts in chromatin transcription elongation both independently and cooperatively with SII/TFIIS.

PubMed ID: 20178742

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.050

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 18184592

Title: Structure and DNA binding of the human Rtf1 Plus3 domain.

PubMed ID: 18184592

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2007.10.018

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 710
  • Mass: 80313
  • Checksum: 54CC014655AA22B8
  • Sequence:
  • MRGRLCVGRA AAAAAAVAVP LAGGQEGSPG GGRRGSRGTT MVKKRKGRVV IDSDTEDSGS 
    DENLDQELLS LAKRKRSDSE EKEPPVSQPA ASSDSETSDS DDEWTFGSNK NKKKGKARKI 
    EKKGTMKKQA NKTASSGSSD KDSSAESSAP EEGEVSDSDS NSSSSSSDSD SSSEDEEFHD 
    GYGEDLMGDE EDRARLEQMT EKEREQELFN RIEKREVLKR RFEIKKKLKT AKKKEKKEKK 
    KKQEEEQEKK KLTQIQESQV TSHNKERRSK RDEKLDKKSQ AMEELKAERE KRKNRTAELL 
    AKKQPLKTSE VYSDDEEEEE DDKSSEKSDR SSRTSSSDEE EEKEEIPPKS QPVSLPEELN 
    RVRLSRHKLE RWCHMPFFAK TVTGCFVRIG IGNHNSKPVY RVAEITGVVE TAKVYQLGGT 
    RTNKGLQLRH GNDQRVFRLE FVSNQEFTES EFMKWKEAMF SAGMQLPTLD EINKKELSIK 
    EALNYKFNDQ DIEEIVKEKE RFRKAPPNYA MKKTQLLKEK AMAEDLGDQD KAKQIQDQLN 
    ELEERAEALD RQRTKNISAI SYINQRNREW NIVESEKALV AESHNMKNQQ MDPFTRRQCK 
    PTIVSNSRDP AVQAAILAQL NAKYGSGVLP DAPKEMSKGQ GKDKDLNSKS ASDLSEDLFK 
    VHDFDVKIDL QVPSSESKAL AITSKAPPAK DGAPRRSLNL EDYKKRRGLI